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Apoptosis of muscle cells causes weight loss prior to impairment of DNA synthesis in tumor-bearing rabbits.

Abstract
The mechanism of weight loss induced by the growth of malignant tumors is still unknown. We investigated it by focusing on apoptosis of skeletal muscle. VX2-tumor was implanted into rabbits and the apoptotic index (AI) of skeletal muscle was measured by in situ end-labeling assay. Plasma of the tumor-bearing rabbits was perfused repeatedly through non-coated charcoal resin. The AI reached 54.6% early after tumor implantation, when weight loss amounted to an 18% decrease in lean body mass (LBM) without change in muscle DNA synthesis or urinary 3-methylhistidine / creatinine ratio (3-MH / Cr). When the decrease of LBM reached 30%, DNA synthesis was decreased by 48% and 3-MH / Cr was increased by 104%, whereas AI was only 4.7%. The plasma perfusion did not prevent apoptosis in muscle, but improved LBM, DNA synthesis, and 3-MH / Cr. There may be two mechanisms of muscle depletion during the tumor growth: apoptosis in the early stage and metabolic abnormalities in muscle in the late stage.
AuthorsO Ishiko, T Sumi, K Hirai, K I Honda, S Nakata, H Yoshida, S Ogita
JournalJapanese journal of cancer research : Gann (Jpn J Cancer Res) Vol. 92 Issue 1 Pg. 30-5 (Jan 2001) ISSN: 0910-5050 [Print] Japan
PMID11173541 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Methylhistidines
  • DNA
  • Creatinine
  • 3-methylhistidine
Topics
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Body Mass Index
  • Creatinine (urine)
  • DNA (biosynthesis)
  • DNA Fragmentation
  • In Situ Nick-End Labeling
  • Male
  • Methylhistidines (urine)
  • Muscle, Skeletal (cytology, metabolism, physiopathology)
  • Neoplasms (metabolism, physiopathology, urine)
  • Rabbits
  • Weight Loss (genetics, physiology)

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