Antiemetic efficacy of granisetron: a randomized crossover study in patients receiving cisplatin-containing intraarterial chemotherapy.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active chemotherapeutic agents but is among the most emetogenic drugs. The emetic side-effects of CDDP-containing intraarterial chemotherapy have not been evaluated in a prospective randomized trial and the efficacy of serotonin antagonists in preventing the emesis associated with this method of CDDP administration has not been assessed.

METHODS:

CDDP 50 mg/m2 and methotrexate 30 mg/m2 were administered every 3 weeks through intraarterial catheters placed in the bilateral internal iliac arteries. Patients were classified into two groups: granisetron treatment group (group G) and no treatment group (group NG) with the first course of chemotherapy, crossing over with the second course. The patients in group G received granisetron 40 micrograms/kg by intravenous infusion.

RESULTS:

Although intraarterial CDDP administration produced less emesis than intravenous CDDP administration, at the same concentration, gastrointestinal toxicity is still the most unpleasant side-effect for patients. Granisetron administration significantly reduced nausea and vomiting during the acute emetic phase (an evaluation of treatment as very effective and effective was made in 89% in group G and 33% in group NG (P < 0.001). Complete control of emesis was achieved in 68 and 18% of patients in groups G and NG, respectively (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION:

A single prophylactic infusion of granisetron was effective in preventing the nausea and vomiting associated with intraarterial CDDP-containing therapy.

• Authors: K Uchida, H Akaza, K Hattori, R Noguchi, F Kondo, S Ishikawa, M Ohtani, S Hinotsu, K Koiso
• Journal: Japanese journal of clinical oncology (Jpn J Clin Oncol) Vol. 29 Issue 2 Pg. 87-91 (Feb 1999) ISSN: 0368-2811 [Print] England
• PMID: 10089949 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)

Chemical References

• Antiemetics
• Antineoplastic Agents
• Cisplatin
• Granisetron
• Methotrexate

Topics

• Adolescent
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Antiemetics (therapeutic use)
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects)
• Cisplatin (adverse effects)
• Cross-Over Studies
• Drug Administration Schedule
• Female
• Granisetron (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Infusions, Intra-Arterial
• Male
• Methotrexate (administration & dosage)
• Middle Aged
• Nausea (prevention & control)
• Prospective Studies
• Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (drug therapy)
• Vomiting, Anticipatory (prevention & control)