Oral granisetron for strabismus surgery in children.

Abstract

PURPOSE:

To determine the efficacy of oral granisetron in preventing postoperative vomiting (POV) following strabismus repair in children.

METHODS:

In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 73 pediatric patients received either placebo, 20 micrograms.kg-1 or 40 micrograms.kg-1 granisetron po 20 min before induction of anesthesia. No premedication was given, induction was with halothane and all children breathed spontaneously via a laryngeal mask airway. Maintenance was with isoflurane without the use of opioids. Ketorolac and acetaminophen were used for analgesia. The number of episodes and the severity of vomiting and retching were recorded for the first 24 hr postoperatively, as was the use of rescue antiemetics.

RESULTS:

Granisetron 20 micrograms.kg-1 and 40 micrograms.kg-1 were more effective than placebo in reducing the incidence of POV during the first 24 hr (29% in both the granisetron groups vs 84% in the placebo group, P < 0.05). In addition, the number of children experiencing severe vomiting (> or = 3 episodes) was reduced in the granisetron 20 micrograms.kg-1 and 40 micrograms.kg-1 groups compared with placebo (4%, 8% and 48% respectively, P < 0.05). Patients in the granisetron group were discharged home earlier (105 min vs 124 min, P = 0.04). There was no difference in the incidence of POV between the two granisetron groups.

CONCLUSION:

Preoperative oral granisetron in a dose of 20 micrograms.kg-1 provided effective prophylaxis against POV in children undergoing stabismus repair.

• Authors: H M Munro, C C D'Errico, G R Lauder, D S Wagner, T Voepel-Lewis, A R Tait
• Journal: Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie (Can J Anaesth) Vol. 46 Issue 1 Pg. 45-8 (Jan 1999) ISSN: 0832-610X [Print] United States
• PMID: 10078402 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Comparative Study, Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
• Anesthetics, Inhalation
• Antiemetics
• Placebos
• Acetaminophen
• Isoflurane
• Tolmetin
• Halothane
• Granisetron
• Ketorolac

Topics

• Acetaminophen (therapeutic use)
• Administration, Oral
• Analgesics, Non-Narcotic (therapeutic use)
• Anesthetics, Inhalation (administration & dosage)
• Antiemetics (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Double-Blind Method
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Granisetron (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Halothane (administration & dosage)
• Humans
• Incidence
• Infant
• Isoflurane (administration & dosage)
• Ketorolac
• Laryngeal Masks
• Male
• Pain, Postoperative (prevention & control)
• Patient Discharge
• Placebos
• Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (prevention & control)
• Strabismus (surgery)
• Tolmetin (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)