Granulomatous Mastitis

A rare, benign, inflammatory breast disease occurring in premenopausal women shortly after a recent pregnancy. The origin is unknown but it is commonly mistaken for malignancy and sometimes associated with BREAST FEEDING and the use of ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.

Also Known As:

Mastitis, Granulomatous

Networked: 304 relevant articles (17 outcomes, 31 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Breast Neoplasms (Breast Cancer)
2.	Mastitis
3.	Disease Progression
4.	Breast Diseases (Breast Disease)
5.	Abscess

Experts

1.	Koksal, Hande: 8 articles (05/2022 - 01/2019)
2.	Velidedeoglu, Mehmet: 5 articles (04/2022 - 04/2015)
3.	Akbulut, Sami: 4 articles (01/2022 - 11/2011)
4.	Altintoprak, Fatih: 4 articles (11/2015 - 09/2011)
5.	Karadeniz, Erdem: 3 articles (10/2022 - 10/2015)
6.	Kilic, Fahrettin: 3 articles (04/2022 - 04/2015)
7.	Mete, Birgul: 3 articles (04/2022 - 04/2015)
8.	Toktas, Osman: 3 articles (01/2022 - 04/2021)
9.	Uzun, Hafize: 3 articles (07/2021 - 08/2017)
10.	Gharib, Masoumeh: 3 articles (01/2020 - 01/2016)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Granulomatous Mastitis:

1.	SteroidsIBA 09/01/2011 - "In this report, we present a patient with granulomatous mastitis who was treated successfully with low-dose oral and topical steroids. " 01/01/2023 - "Local steroid injection in severe idiopathic granulomatous mastitis as a new first-line treatment modality with promising therapeutic efficacy." 11/01/2015 - "Topical Steroids Are Effective in the Treatment of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis." 04/01/2021 - "A Novel First-Line Treatment Alternative for Noncomplicated Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: Combined İntralesional Steroid İnjection with Topical Steroid Administration." 10/01/2020 - "Granulomatous Mastitis: Comparison of Novel Treatment of Steroid Injection and Current Management."
2.	Immunoglobulin M (IgM)IBA 04/01/2022 - "The goals of this study were to report our clinical experience in a single center at a high-volume tertiary university hospital in Istanbul and to introduce a diagnostic algorithm based on a 5-year follow-up of 152 women with biopsy-proven idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). " 02/01/2022 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of T- and B-regulatory cells (Tregs and Bregs) in the pathogenesis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). " 01/01/2020 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the inflammatory parameters including neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the prognosis of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). " 01/01/2019 - "The goal of this study is to compare the response rate and the recurrence rate of available therapeutic modalities in the treatment of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis (IGM). " 08/01/2016 - "The purpose of this study was to review the imaging features of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) with clinical and pathology correlation. "
3.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "Methotrexate seems to be efficient in the treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis and provides drug-free remission." 06/01/2022 - "The effect of methotrexate monotherapy on treatment-resistant idiopathic granulomatous mastitis patients." 08/01/2021 - "Low-Dose Methotrexate Use in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis: An Alternative Treatment Method." 11/01/2020 - "Effectiveness of Methotrexate in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Treatment." 01/01/2020 - "Methotrexate-based regimen as initial treatment of patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis."
4.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 07/01/2021 - "Treatment of Granulomatous Mastitis: Is There a Role for Antibiotics?" 11/01/2016 - "Characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of one antibiotic-sensitive and one multidrug-resistant Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii strain isolated from patients with granulomatous mastitis." 05/21/2015 - "Draft Genome Sequences of Corynebacterium kroppenstedtii CNM633/14 and CNM632/14, Multidrug-Resistant and Antibiotic-Sensitive Isolates from Nodules of Granulomatous Mastitis Patients." 10/01/2015 - "Empiric antibiotic therapy and drainage of the breast lesions are not enough for complete remission of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. " 07/01/2021 - "To perform a retrospective review of the clinical characteristics, microbiological data, and clinical outcomes in patients with granulomatous mastitis (GM) who were treated at our institution with a unique strategy of prolonged antibiotic therapy as the primary treatment modality. "
5.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 08/25/2022 - "Correction: Multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of ductal lavage versus oral corticosteroids for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a study protocol." 10/10/2020 - "Multicentre, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial comparing the effectiveness and safety of ductal lavage versus oral corticosteroids for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a study protocol." 03/15/2023 - "Shear Wave Elastography-Correlated Dose Modifying: Can We Reduce Corticosteroid Doses in Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis Treatment? " 12/01/2021 - "Corticosteroids in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis." 04/01/2020 - "Comparison of the Outcome of Low Dose and High-Dose Corticosteroid in the Treatment of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis."
6.	Vitamin D FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2022 - "The role of lower dose steroid therapy with vitamin D replacement in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis." 09/01/2022 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of lower dose steroid theraphy with adjustment of vitamin D replacement doses with measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). "
7.	25-hydroxyvitamin DIBA 09/01/2022 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of lower dose steroid theraphy with adjustment of vitamin D replacement doses with measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM). "
8.	Coloring Agents (Dyes)IBA 01/01/2020 - ""Thick Section" Gram Stain Yields Improved Detection of Organisms in Tissue Sections of Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis." 05/01/2016 - "To determine whether cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) can be associated with Gram-positive bacilli and Corynebacterium We reviewed our experience with 35 granulomatous mastitis patients over a 10-year period, including histologic pattern, Gram stain and other microbiologic data, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome. " 01/01/2019 - "Finally, four out of ten cases were labeled as tuberculous mastitis based on the ZN stain/Tuberculosis-Polymerase chain reaction (TB-PCR) and the other six cases were granulomatous mastitis. " 10/25/2008 - "Equivocal histology, negative Ziehl-Neelsen stain and culture for acid-fast bacilli resulted in the abscess initially being diagnosed as granulomatous mastitis and treated accordingly. "
9.	Adalimumab (Humira)FDA Link 01/01/2021 - "Adalimumab in a patient with refractory idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: A case report." 05/01/2022 - "A Case of Overlapping Clinical Features of Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Hidradenitis Suppurativa, and Pyoderma Gangrenosum Successfully Treated with Adalimumab." 12/14/2022 - "Both dapsone and adalimumab appear to provide disease remission in patients with cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis." 12/14/2022 - "Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis Treatment with Consecutive Dapsone and Adalimumab." 01/01/2022 - "Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis Regression with the Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitor, Adalimumab."
10.	Mycophenolic Acid (Cellcept)FDA LinkGeneric 07/15/2017 - "Mycophenolate mofetil as a successful therapy for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis." 07/15/2017 - "To our knowledge, this is the first report of the effective use of mycophenolate mofetil in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis." 07/15/2017 - "Herein we report a case of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis that was refractory to methotrexate and intralesional and systemic steroids but responded well to mycophenolate mofetil 1500mg twice daily. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 12/01/2018 - "Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis: A clinicopathologic study of a distinct entity with supporting evidence of a role for Corynebacterium-targeted therapy." 12/01/2021 - "The presence of Corynebacterium kroppensteddti may indicate one subtype of granulomatous mastitis called cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis; disease stratification, and individualized therapy are on the horizon." 01/01/2019 - "Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: Looking for the most effective therapy with the least side effects according to the severity of the disease in 374 patients in Iran." 03/01/2014 - "Comparison of the effect of surgical and medical therapy for the treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis." 06/01/2009 - "Systemic therapy as a first choice treatment for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis."
2.	Conservative Treatment 03/01/2006 - "A trial of conservative treatment should be recommended for fistulae resulting from idiopathic granulomatous mastitis; however, further studies are required to establish the best treatment." 01/01/2020 - "Conservative management of 154 patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: Simple is better?" 11/01/2005 - "The role of conservative treatment in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis." 01/01/2010 - "Conservative management for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis mimicking carcinoma: case reports and literature review." 07/01/2015 - "As a comparative study between conservative treatment protocols and surgical ones for patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM), this study is the largest to date. "
3.	Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures 09/01/2023 - "Efficacy of preoperative Shugan Sanjie decoction combined with mammotome-assisted minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: A retrospective cohort study."
4.	Mammaplasty (Breast Reconstruction) 02/17/2016 - "Evaluation of therapeutic mammoplasty techniques in the surgical management of female patients with idiopathic granulomatous mastitis with mild to moderate inflammatory symptoms in terms of recurrence and patients' satisfaction." 12/01/2011 - "Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: successful treatment by mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction."
5.	Mastectomy (Mammectomy) 07/01/2004 - "A greater awareness of the rare entity of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis is mandatory to avoid unnecessary mastectomies. " 07/01/2004 - "Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: time to avoid unnecessary mastectomies." 12/01/2011 - "Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: successful treatment by mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction." 07/01/2004 - "One patient underwent mastectomy upon clinical, mammographic, and repeated cytologic findings consistent with malignancy, and the final histology confirmed idiopathic granulomatous mastitis with no evidence of malignancy. "