XX Disorders of Sex Development 46 (Female Pseudohermaphroditism)

10/01/1954 - "Female pseudohermaphroditism treated with oral cortisone."
04/25/1954 - "[Cortisone therapy of female pseudohermaphroditism]."
02/15/1954 - "[Cortisone in therapy of female pseudohermaphroditism]."
02/01/1954 - "Female pseudohermaphroditism: response to cortisone therapy."
11/01/1950 - "[Female pseudohermaphroditism with congenital adrenal insufficiency; favorable effect of cortisone, desoxycorticosteronacetate and NaCl]."

09/22/2006 - "Previous studies have demonstrated that the genetic variations of glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) are associated with both familial steroid resistance and acquired steroid resistance in some diseases, such as Cushing's disease, leukemia, lupus nephritis, and female pseudohermaphroditism. "
02/01/2005 - "Familial glucocorticoid resistance is characterized by increased cortisol secretion without clinical evidence of hypercortisolism, but with manifestations of androgen and mineralocorticoid excess, caused by glucocorticoid receptor gene mutation, and rarely can lead to female pseudohermaphroditism. "

09/01/1956 - "[Case of female pseudohermaphroditism; chromatographic fractionation study before and after cortisone and prednisone therapy]."
01/01/1957 - "[2 Cases of female pseudohermaphroditism caused by congenital adrenal hypoplasia; effect of delta-cortisone of the chromatographic fractionation of 17-ketosteroids]."

07/01/1997 - "Nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry studies specific for neuronal, inducible and endothelial isoforms of the enzyme were performed on human clitoral tissue obtained from 4 patients (3 with female pseudohermaphroditism and 1 with true hermaphroditism) at feminizing genitoplasty and from 1 phenotypically normal woman at autopsy. "

07/01/1997 - "Nitric oxide synthase immunohistochemistry studies specific for neuronal, inducible and endothelial isoforms of the enzyme were performed on human clitoral tissue obtained from 4 patients (3 with female pseudohermaphroditism and 1 with true hermaphroditism) at feminizing genitoplasty and from 1 phenotypically normal woman at autopsy. "

01/01/2014 - "Overall there is an indication that consanguinity may lead to an increase in incidences of both 46,XY and 46,XX DSD, and a co-ordinated study of populations with higher incidences of consanguinity/endogamy is needed to resolve this."

02/01/2004 - "21-hydroxylase deficiency occurring in one of 15,000 live births represents the most frequent disorder in female pseudohermaphroditism. "
07/01/2000 - "To diagnose and treat female pseudohermaphroditism caused by 21-hydroxylase deficiencies. "
05/26/2000 - "Chromosome analysis demonstrated karyotype 46 XX. As far as could be ascertained, this is the first documented case in the German-speaking region of female pseudohermaphroditism diagnosed in an elderly person with uncomplicated virilizing congenital adrenogrenital syndrome due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (deletion of CYP21 gene). "
11/01/1997 - "Prenatal diagnosis and genetic diagnosis for female pseudohermaphroditism due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency can be performed, however prenatal treatment is not completely established."
03/01/1992 - "Adrenal steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most common basis of female pseudohermaphroditism. "

01/15/1960 - "[Female pseudohermaphroditism associated with hormone administration during pregnancy. "
04/01/1959 - "Non-adrenal female pseudohermaphroditism associated with hormone administration in pregnancy."
01/01/2000 - "We report a case of female pseudohermaphroditism secondary to a maternal ovarian luteoma of pregnancy producing androgenic hormones. "
12/01/1980 - "About 230 cases of female pseudohermaphroditism have been reported following use of hormones with androgenic potency, but masculinization observed with estrogens in a few females may represent only adrenal-stimulated pseudohermaphroditism. "
01/01/2014 - "In this article, we review the current evidence of the fertility potential of patients with: (1) dysgenetic DSD, including pure and partial gonadal dysgenesis, asymmetric gonadal differentiation, ovotesticular DSD and 46,XX testicular DSD; (2) 46,XY DSD due to abnormal testicular hormone production or action, including testosterone production deficiencies, dihydrotestosterone deficiency, androgen insensitivity and defects in anti-Müllerian hormone or its receptor, and (3) 46,XX DSD due to excessive androgen exposure in individuals with no testicular tissue, i.e. "

03/01/1962 - "[A case of female pseudohermaphroditism caused by administration of androgens to the mother during pregnancy]."
08/01/2002 - "Female pseudohermaphroditism may be due to excess fetal androgens (congenital adrenal hyperplasia), increased androgen production of maternal origin, or placental androgen excess. "
01/01/2003 - "In intersexualism, in genetic men with disturbances of sexual differentiation of external genitalia because of the lack of testoterone production or action in peripheral tissues (male pseudohermaphroditism) or in genetic women with ambiguous genitalia because of the presence and action of androgens (female pseudohermaphroditism), a discordance between the formal sex (assigned after the birth) and the psychic gender may appear. "
08/01/2002 - "Other steroidogenic enzymes not involved in androgen biosynthesis, such as P450c21, P450c11beta, and P450aro, must also be considered, as mutations in these can result in overproduction of androgens, resulting in female pseudohermaphroditism."

01/01/2004 - "A case of female pseudohermaphroditism caused by aromatase deficiency."
03/01/1991 - "A new cause of female pseudohermaphroditism: placental aromatase deficiency."
05/01/2009 - "Notable findings also included the contrast between infrequent occurrence of 46,XY DSD and invariable occurrence of 46,XX DSD and pubertal growth pattern in group A mimicking that of aromatase deficiency. "
01/01/2009 - "In newborns, aromatase deficiency should be considered in the etiology of 46,XX DSD, after ruling out congenital adrenal hyperplasia. "

05/01/1958 - "Psychologic studies before and after clitoridectomy in female pseudohermaphroditism caused by congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia."

01/01/1997 - "An anterior sagittal transanorectal approach with protective colostomy was performed in 2 patients with severely masculinized female pseudohermaphroditism and a normal rectum. "
11/01/1995 - "The authors, based upon previous experience in the treatment of ten children with cloacal abnormalities, among which two with female pseudohermaphroditism with cloaca, hereby present a pioneer experience in Brazil, with the "posterior sagittal transsphinctericanorectalurethrovaginoplasty" a surgical approach to neovaginoplasty described by "Cripps/Peña", which was utilized for the reconstruction of the genitalia of three intersexuated adolescents with protective colostomy, who presented an urogenital sinus, high vaginal implantation and a normal rectum. "

04/01/1953 - "[Effects of subtotal adrenalectomy on female pseudohermaphroditism]."