Asymptomatic Infections

Infections that do not exhibit symptoms.

Also Known As:

Asymptomatic Colonizations; Asymptomatic Infection; Colonization, Asymptomatic; Inapparent Infection; Infection, Asymptomatic; Infection, Inapparent; Infection, Presymptomatic; Infection, Subclinical; Presymptomatic Infection; Subclinical Infection; Asymptomatic Colonization; Inapparent Infections; Presymptomatic Infections; Subclinical Infections

Networked: 1436 relevant articles (84 outcomes, 127 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	COVID-19
3.	Disease Progression
4.	Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala Azar)
5.	Malaria

Experts

1.	Moreno, Javier: 5 articles (01/2022 - 11/2008)
2.	Solnick, Jay V: 5 articles (01/2019 - 12/2016)
3.	Carrillo, Eugenia: 4 articles (01/2022 - 11/2008)
4.	Yang, Yang: 4 articles (01/2022 - 04/2009)
5.	Arzt, Jonathan: 4 articles (01/2021 - 01/2016)
6.	Barral-Netto, Manoel: 4 articles (02/2020 - 07/2011)
7.	Nakayama, Tetsuo: 4 articles (01/2019 - 03/2007)
8.	Hansen, Lori M: 4 articles (01/2018 - 12/2016)
9.	Doumbo, Ogobara K: 4 articles (10/2016 - 11/2005)
10.	Marsh, Kevin: 4 articles (02/2011 - 11/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Asymptomatic Infections:

1.	VaccinesIBA 11/17/2015 - "Two doses of unadjuvanted vaccine significantly increased humoral response and resulted in 100% protection with significant reduction of clinical signs leading to nearly asymptomatic infections. " 01/01/2023 - "We hypothesize that intranasal vaccines can provide better protection against asymptomatic infections and more transmissible variants of SARS-CoV-2. " 10/01/2013 - "Current challenges include the need for improved diagnostic methods for detection of chronic and subclinical infections and for the design of more efficient vaccines. " 01/01/2021 - "However, despite EI vaccine updates over the years, EIV remains relevant, because the protective effects of vaccines decay and permit subclinical infections that facilitate transmission into susceptible populations. " 01/01/2020 - "Modeling asymptomatic colonization in animals is, therefore, a useful tool to dissect host-bacteria interactions and to evaluate efficacy of vaccines aimed at reducing the burden of carriage. "
2.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/1992 - "Several considerations surround the antibiotic treatment of the asymptomatic infection; these include a low frequency of in vitro resistance to the agent used, lack of toxicity to the foetus, a low incidence of gastrointestinal side effects, good compliance and proven efficacy. " 03/01/1986 - "Antibiotics were approved for use as animal feed additives in 1950 after it was discovered that their use increased growth rate, improved feed utilization, and reduced mortality and morbidity from clinical and subclinical infections in animals. " 08/01/2008 - "Results from this small trial demonstrated that the live culture had potential to be as effective at eliminating chronic subclinical infections as an antibiotic treatment. " 01/01/2015 - "However, extended healing times in two of the patients resulted in subclinical infections, which were resolved by administering antibiotics over a period of 2 weeks. " 04/15/2014 - "The antibiotic growth promoting effect may be mediated by treatment of clinical or subclinical infections or possibly by modulation of the intestinal microbiota. "
3.	AntibodiesIBA 06/01/2004 - "Several studies have indicate that half of the dogs with antileishmanial antibodies have no signs of disease although, animal with subclinical infections are potentially infectious to sand flies. " 01/01/1979 - "The study of the immunological background in representative sets of volunteers allowed determination of the aetiology, the proportion of asymptomatic infections and possible deformation of results due to preexisting protective antibodies. " 01/01/2023 - "SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in research personnel with asymptomatic infection in the pre-vaccination stage." 12/01/2022 - "We screened first responders (n=191) and Olmsted County employees (n=564) for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 from November 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021 to estimate seroprevalence and asymptomatic infection. " 10/12/2022 - "Serological tests to identify antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are important tools to characterize subclinical infection exposure.During"
4.	AntigensIBA 01/03/2017 - "Population studies assessing the reactivity to Paracoccidioides spp. antigens by intradermal reaction or serological tests have detected previous subclinical infections in a significant proportion of healthy individuals living in various endemic countries. " 06/01/2023 - "A serial antigen testing policy detected 973 (CI, 845-1,120) asymptomatic infections (89.4%), with 2,529 false positives. " 06/01/2023 - "With combined antigen and PCR screening, 1,007 (CI, 875-1,159) asymptomatic infections (92.5%) were detected, with 5,578 false positives. " 06/01/2023 - "With 1-stage antigen screening, 734 (CI, 638-845) asymptomatic infections (67.4%) were detected, with 1,277 false positives. " 01/01/2023 - "SARS-CoV-2 rapid antigen testing (RAT) could be a useful supplementary test to diagnose larger numbers of acute asymptomatic infections and alleviate the limitations of polymerase chain reaction testing. "
5.	Nucleic AcidsIBA 12/01/2012 - "More recently developed nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for toxin gene detection offer improved sensitivity over immunoassays, but fail to discriminate between CDI and asymptomatic colonization with C. " 01/01/2021 - "Therefore, determining asymptomatic infection patients by SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid testing is the gold standard. " 09/06/2021 - "The study observes a salient change in research content as follows: an earlier focus on "children and pregnant patients", "common symptoms", "nucleic acid test", and "non-Chinese medicine" was gradually replaced with a focus on "aged patients", "pregnant patients", "severe symptoms and asymptomatic infection", "antibody assay", and "Chinese medicine". " 01/01/2023 - "Detection of viral nucleic acids provides the highest sensitivity and selectivity for diagnosing early and asymptomatic infection because the human immune system may not be active at this stage. " 02/10/2022 - "The proportion of asymptomatic infections were 47.24% (3 236/6 850) and 63.61% (222/349) among the cases who had the first positive nucleic acid detections within 14 days and 14 days later after the entry respectively. "
6.	COVID-19 VaccinesIBA 01/01/2022 - "The role of mild and asymptomatic infections on COVID-19 vaccines performance: A modeling study." 12/01/2022 - "Asymptomatic rates in Olmsted County before COVID-19 vaccine rollout ranged from 6% to 25%, and younger age, normal weight, and later tests dates were associated with asymptomatic infection." 01/01/2022 - "The different COVID-19 vaccines currently in use have features placing them closer to one or the other of these two extreme cases, V1 and V2, and insights on the importance of asymptomatic infection in a vaccinated population are of a major importance for the future planning of vaccination programmes. " 01/01/2022 - "In general, the current COVID-19 vaccines showed a cumulative efficacy of 66.4%, 79.7%, and 93.6% to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection, symptomatic COVID-19, and severe COVID-19, respectively, but could not prevent the asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2. " 01/01/2021 - "To support decision-making on who to be prioritized for vaccination requires urgent additional research on the epidemiology of COVID-19; preexisting immunity and who is responsible for transmission in a variety of settings; the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in children and pregnant women; and determining whether COVID-19 vaccines prevent asymptomatic infection and transmission."
7.	Biomarkers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 01/01/2021 - "The goal of this study was to establish a subclinical infection model in rats using AGP as a biomarker. " 01/01/2021 - "The clinical parameters are used for diagnosis, however, some studies have indicated the selection of a set of biomarkers of subclinical infection, both serological and cellular, that allow the early diagnosis. " 01/01/2019 - "Studies have pointed to the selection of a set of serological and cellular biomarkers of subclinical infection that result in an efficient diagnosis. " 06/01/2009 - "These studies highlighted the importance of assessing multiple biomarkers in longitudinal studies for providing better understanding of protective biomarker profiles associated with resolution of clinical and subclinical infections in TB." 06/08/2023 - "To improve the capacity of non-blood-based rapid diagnostic tests to confirm subclinical infections, and thereby identify and quantify the human reservoir at the PON, a cross-sectoral collaboration between university researchers and commercial partners produced an innovative, non-invasive saliva-based RDT capable of identifying novel, non-hrp2/3 parasite biomarkers. "
8.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 07/07/2021 - "A significant reduction of the recovery of infectious virus on cell culture as well as delayed time to the first appearance of cytopathic effect was accompanied by an increase in local IgG levels in respiratory samples of vaccinated individuals but upper respiratory tract IgG levels were not different between symptomatic or asymptomatic infections. " 01/01/2023 - "This work provides evidence about the high seroprevalence of total IgG and subclasses of anti-N and their relations with the asymptomatic infection of SARS-CoV-2 and related symptoms." 01/01/2023 - "Possible asymptomatic infection, as defined by positive IgG ELISA results in blood donors indicating no vaccination against TBEV, was found in 5.6%. " 11/29/2022 - "Purified IgG from infants in CAIG promoted higher levels of merozoite-phagocytosis than did IgG from children who were unable to control asymptomatic infections (Ologit multivariate regression model, Coef. = 0.06, 95% CI 0.02;0.10, P = 0.002). " 03/24/2022 - "In the 9th month after vaccination, an increase in the anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG level, suggesting asymptomatic infection, was observed in a large group of participants. "
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 01/01/2015 - "This study, based on molecular methods (PCR, R-T PCR, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis), reveals for the first time in Poland, asymptomatic infection with . " 03/01/2021 - "destructor DNA was amplified from symptomless seedlings at 3.7 × 102 to 1.0 × 100 conidium cells/50 mg leaf tissue, suggesting the detection of asymptomatic infection. " 02/01/2021 - "Application of leukocyte subsets and sperm DNA fragment rate in infertile men with asymptomatic infection of genital tract." 08/05/2020 - "Parasite DNA from 60 symptomatic cases and 81 asymptomatic infections was used to amplify and sequence genes potentially associated with drug resistance, including pvmdr1, pvcrt-o, pvdhfr, pvdhps, and pvk12. " 03/01/2019 - "burnetii DNA, most likely representing subclinical infections. "
10.	Antiviral Agents (Antivirals)IBA 11/01/2023 - "These results indicate that antiviral immunity modulates NSC activity in adult mice without inducing gross behavioral deficits among those tested, suggestive of mechanisms to restore neurons and maintain adaptive behavior, but also revealing the potential for robust NSC disruption in subclinical infections." 10/01/2021 - "Asymptomatic infection and lack of effective antiviral treatment makes HPIV3 prevention and treatment a real challenge. " 08/06/2009 - "Rates of asymptomatic infection and the level of transmissibility of the virus do not affect the accuracy of these estimates greatly, but the pattern of infectivity in the individual strongly influences the estimate of the effect of antivirals on infectivity. " 06/04/2008 - "This model was extended to incorporate subclinical infections, and the emergence of resistant virus strains under the selective pressure imposed by various uses of one or two antiviral agents. " 10/01/2017 - "Randomized trials, evaluating the need for antiviral therapy in kidney transplant recipients with asymptomatic infection and effective virus-specific T-cell immune response, are warranted."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 09/01/1989 - "It is hoped that, with the growing research focus on therapies that have the potential for virologic cure, some day effective treatment for subclinical infection will be available. " 05/15/2009 - "By comparing prerandomization and postrandomization individual-level PVL data from the first two HSV suppressive therapy randomized controlled trials in sub-Saharan Africa, we estimated the effect of treatment on duration of asymptomatic infection and number of HIV-1 transmission events for each trial. " 01/01/1990 - "Results from the study indicated that the canine granulocytic ehrlichial agent of Missouri may produce subclinical infections and suggested that dogs may be able to clear the organism without antimicrobial therapy." 11/01/2020 - "Potent therapy dosed before viral peak during presymptomatic infection could lower AUC. " 04/01/2016 - "violaceum isolated as an incidental finding or as asymptomatic colonization; these 10 patients did not require or receive therapy for C. "
2.	Long-Term Care 01/01/2022 - "Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections due to severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in San Francisco long-term care facilities." 10/01/2020 - "Our analysis of coronavirus disease prevalence in 9 long-term care facilities demonstrated a high proportion (40.7%) of asymptomatic infections among residents and staff members. " 10/01/2021 - "Low rates of asymptomatic infection suggest that symptom-based screening in residents remains very important for detecting outbreaks, a high degree of interconnectedness explains the high attack rate, and there is a need for improved guidance for homes with multibedded rooms on optimizing resident room movement to mitigate spread of COVID-19 in long-term care homes." 01/24/2009 - "Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) asymptomatic colonization is common in long-term care facilities, but the burden of symptomatic infection appears to be low. " 06/01/2002 - "Asymptomatic colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is common in long-term care facilities, but the burden of symptomatic infection appears to be low. "
3.	Breast Implants (Breast Implant) 05/01/2009 - "Sonication of removed breast implants for improved detection of subclinical infection." 10/01/2013 - "It remains poorly understood but is attributed to subclinical infection, immunologic response to breast implants, and chronic inflammatory changes caused by the presence of the implants. " 01/01/2004 - "Detection of subclinical infections in significant breast implant capsules." 04/15/2003 - "Detection of subclinical infection in significant breast implant capsules." 07/01/1981 - "The present study seems to indicate that subclinical infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis may be one of the causes of capsular contracture around breast implants."
4.	Blood Transfusion (Blood Transfusions) 06/06/2014 - "Asymptomatic infections may remain undetected, maintaining transmission of the pathogen, including by blood transfusion. " 01/01/1966 - "Isolation of the virus and demonstration of subclinical infections after fresh blood transfusion in connection with open-heart surgery." 01/01/2022 - "In this study, we used a well-established model of vCJD (sheep experimentally infected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy, BSE) to determine the prevalence of subclinical infection following exposure by blood transfusion from infected donors. " 11/01/2016 - "Transmission of variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) through blood transfusion is implicated in three deaths and one asymptomatic infection. " 06/06/2014 - "Detection of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax subclinical infection in non-endemic region: implications for blood transfusion and malaria epidemiology."
5.	Tocolysis 07/01/2000 - "Combination tocolytic therapy may be a marker for subclinical infection and not causally related to necrotizing enterocolitis." 11/15/1985 - "The presence of subclinical infection must be considered in cases of preterm labor, especially among patients for whom tocolytic therapy is unsuccessful." 12/01/1991 - "Subclinical infection may play a role in the failure of magnesium sulfate tocolysis. " 03/01/1989 - "C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of infection, was determined daily and used retrospectively to investigate the role of subclinical infection in preterm labour and to predict the efficacy of tocolysis and the development of a clinical perinatal infection. "