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Amyloid Plaque

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Accumulations of extracellularly deposited AMYLOID FIBRILS within tissues.

Also Known As:

Plaque, Amyloid; Amyloid Plaques; Neuritic Plaques; Senile Plaques; Amyloid Deposit; Deposit, Amyloid; Deposits, Amyloid; Neuritic Plaque; Plaque, Neuritic; Plaque, Senile; Plaques, Neuritic; Plaques, Senile; Senile Plaque; Amyloid Deposits; Plaques, Amyloid

Networked: 7597 relevant articles (140 outcomes, 532 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Anatomical Pathological Conditions
  - Amyloid Plaque: 7597

Related Diseases

1.	Alzheimer Disease (Alzheimer's Disease)
2.	Amyloidosis
3.	Proteinuria
4.	Amyloid Plaque
5.	Dementia (Dementias)

Experts

1.	Hyman, Bradley T: 52 articles (01/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Holtzman, David M: 37 articles (01/2015 - 03/2002)
3.	Perry, George: 31 articles (05/2014 - 01/2002)
4.	Smith, Mark A: 30 articles (05/2014 - 01/2002)
5.	Staufenbiel, Matthias: 29 articles (07/2015 - 01/2002)
6.	Ono, Masahiro: 29 articles (10/2014 - 11/2005)
7.	Trojanowski, John Q: 28 articles (09/2014 - 11/2002)
8.	Blennow, Kaj: 24 articles (11/2015 - 07/2002)
9.	Beach, Thomas G: 24 articles (10/2015 - 11/2002)
10.	Ando, Yukio: 24 articles (08/2015 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Amyloid Plaque:

1.	Amyloid (Amyloid Fibrils)IBA 11/01/2004 - "Since active and passive immunization of amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene- transgenic mice showed significant reduction of beta amyloid deposits in the brain and the immunized mice showed improvement in cognitive functions, clinical trials were performed in US and Europe. " 01/01/2004 - "In the past two decades AD research has benefited significantly from the use of genetically engineered cell lines expressing components of the amyloid-generating pathway, as well as from the study of transgenic mice that develop the pathological hallmarks of the disease, mainly neuritic plaques. " 08/01/2012 - "The improved image resolution is sensitive enough to demonstrate an age-dependent increase of amyloid plaque load and a good correlation between the amyloid load measured by μMRI and histology. " 09/15/1987 - "Image analysis disclosed that the cross-sectional size of the large stromal amyloid deposits was significantly greater than those in age-matched patients with lattice corneal dystrophy type I. All patients had a discontinuous band of amyloid (15 to 25 micron wide) in the superficial stroma beneath Bowman's layer, which usually had only one or two small disruptions. " 04/01/2006 - "Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying amyloid formation has led to the development of novel treatment strategies aimed at inhibiting fibrillogenesis or destabilizing existing amyloid deposits. "
2.	AntibodiesIBA 05/01/2014 - "On the other hand, microglia are also known to play a beneficial role in generating anti-Aβ antibodies and stimulating clearance of amyloid plaques. " 12/05/2007 - "However, injection of anti-Abeta antibodies, affinity-purified from immunized Tg-SwDI mice, into the hippocampus induced a rapid clearance of diffuse Abeta deposits but not vascular amyloid deposits. " 11/01/2002 - "Although the site of action of the anti-Abeta antibodies has been suggested to be within the brain, peripheral clearance of Abeta may have a greater role in reducing cerebral amyloid plaques in these animals and eventually in AD patients. " 09/01/2006 - "Because injection of anti-Abeta F(ab')(2) antibodies also induces clearance of amyloid plaques in AD mouse models, we have tested a novel gene therapy modality where an adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding anti-Abeta single-chain antibody (scFv) is injected into the corticohippocampal regions of AD mouse models. " 05/26/2006 - "Because peripheral administration of antibodies against Abeta also induced clearance of amyloid plaques in the model mice, injection of humanized Abeta antibodies has been proposed as a possible therapy for AD. "
3.	PeptidesIBA 01/01/2012 - "The CSF concentration of these peptides can therefore provide a valuable biomarker for potentially predicting the state of disease and/or monitoring the efficacy of a drug aiming to inhibit the formation of amyloid plaques. " 04/01/2002 - "Understanding the balance of production and clearance of Abeta peptides is the key to elucidating amyloid plaque homeostasis. " 01/01/2015 - "Peptides that form amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's may be transmissible, study finds." 04/01/2013 - "The study provides evidence for a spontaneous N-terminal isoAsp-formation within peptides and might explain the accumulation of N-terminal isoAsp in amyloid deposits." 01/01/2012 - "In this study, we conducted a small preclinical investigation of whether NSCs could be modified to express metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), a secreted protease reported to degrade aggregated Aβ peptides that are the major constituents of the senile plaques. "
4.	Amyloid beta-PeptidesIBA 05/01/2008 - "Recent studies using ABCA1 knockout mice have demonstrated that ABCA1 affects amyloid-beta peptide (A beta) levels in the brain and the production of senile plaque. " 05/01/2003 - "Aggregation of Amyloid beta-protein(A beta) in senile plaques is related to the pathogenesis of AD, so it is very important for the studies on the prevention of A beta deposition and on trying to disaggregate the senile plaques, aimed at treatment and prevention of the AD. " 03/07/2003 - "In this study we report that amyloid beta-peptides (Abeta) increased AChE levels in both neuronal and astrocytic primary cultures, supporting the possibility that both neurons and glia may make a direct contribution to the pool of AChE seen around amyloid deposits in the AD brain." 08/01/2000 - "Recent studies have demonstrated the generation of beta-amyloid protein (Abeta) 1-42, a key peptide for amyloid deposits, in the ER. " 12/01/1998 - "Recent studies suggest that mutations in APP, PS 1 or PS 2 result in increased production of amyloid beta protein (A beta), a major constituent of senile plaques. "
5.	Apolipoproteins E (ApoE)IBA 01/01/2013 - "Administration of Ac-hE18A-NH2 to APP/PS1ΔE9 mice for 6 weeks (50 μg/mouse, 3 times a week) significantly improved cognition with a concomitant decrease in amyloid plaque deposition and reduced activated microglia and astrocytes, and increased brain ApoE levels. " 12/26/2000 - "This complex may then be cleared from the interstitial space by apoE receptors in the brain or become part of an extracellular amyloid deposit." 01/01/2014 - "The results of our study demonstrate that anti-Aβ treatments can ameliorate cognitive deficits in AβPP mice with advanced AD-like phenotype in conjunction with a decrease of Aβ in brain interstitium and increase of ApoE lipidation without affecting the existing amyloid plaques. " 01/01/2011 - "We investigated the associations of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) with the proposed risk genes and APOE, in the Tampere Autopsy Study (TASTY) series (603 cases), a sample of the general population (0 to 97 yrs), who died out-of-hospital. " 01/01/2011 - "Studies of ApoE knock-out (ApoE KO) mice have revealed an exacerbation of two major pathologies that are diagnostic of AD: neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. "
6.	Congo RedIBA 10/01/2012 - "Fluorescence microscopy is superior to polarized microscopy for detecting amyloid deposits in Congo red-stained trephine bone marrow biopsy specimens." 03/01/1994 - "Light microscopy of Congo-red-stained sections and electron microscopy of the fibrillar structure very useful for the detection of small amyloid deposits." 01/01/2014 - "Among the many tinctorial characteristics of amyloid deposits, avidity for Congo red and metachromatic birefringence under unidirectional polarized light remain the gold standard. " 03/01/2014 - "Histopathological study revealed positive Congo red areas of amyloid deposits typical for LCD. " 01/01/2007 - "Subsequent histopathological study revealed the presence of amyloid deposits with characteristic apple-green birefringence when stained with Congo-red under polarized light microscopy."
7.	Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases (beta-Secretase)IBA 12/01/2010 - "Interestingly, we observed a moderate, but significant, reduction in amyloid deposits in the forebrain of mice expressing S-palmitoylation-deficient γ-secretase subunits compared with mice overexpressing wild-type subunits, as well as a reduction in the levels of insoluble Aβ(40-42). " 03/21/2008 - "After inhibitor treatment, the improved memory function was accompanied by reduced amyloid plaque load, decreased Abeta40 and Abeta42, and reduced C-terminal beta-secretase fragment derived from APP by beta-secretase. " 12/01/2015 - "Additionally, we show that the impact that SEL-12 has on mitochondrial function is independent of its role in Notch signaling, γ-secretase proteolytic activity, and amyloid plaques. " 08/01/2014 - "Chronic γ-secretase inhibition reduces amyloid plaque-associated instability of pre- and postsynaptic structures." 09/01/2013 - "The Alzheimer's β-secretase BACE1 localizes to normal presynaptic terminals and to dystrophic presynaptic terminals surrounding amyloid plaques."
8.	LigandsIBA 02/01/2003 - "PET ligands are in late-stage development for demonstration of amyloid plaques, and human studies have already begun. " 07/24/2014 - "Radioiodinated benzyloxybenzene derivatives: a class of flexible ligands target to β-amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's brains." 01/01/2014 - "TGN specifically targets ligands at the BBB, while QSH has good affinity with Aβ(1-42), which is the main component of amyloid plaque. " 11/08/2012 - "Synthesis and evaluation of novel ¹⁸F labeled 2-pyridinylbenzoxazole and 2-pyridinylbenzothiazole derivatives as ligands for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of β-amyloid plaques." 01/01/2012 - "To enable such early diagnosis, which will allow the initiation of treatments early in the disease progress, neuroimaging tools are under development, making use of Aβ-binding ligands that can visualize amyloid plaques in the living brain. "
9.	CurcuminIBA 01/01/2008 - "Due to various effects of curcumin, such as decreased Beta-amyloid plaques, delayed degradation of neurons, metal-chelation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and decreased microglia formation, the overall memory in patients with AD has improved. " 10/01/2011 - "Synthesis and evaluation of 1-(4-[¹⁸F]fluoroethyl)-7-(4'-methyl)curcumin with improved brain permeability for β-amyloid plaque imaging." 01/01/2012 - "Recent studies have shown that the natural product curcumin is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier in the CNS in sufficient quantities so as to reduce amyloid plaque burden. " 02/21/2011 - "The fact that the complexes maintain the affinity of the mother compound curcumin for β-amyloid plaques prompts for further exploration of their chemistry and biological properties as radioimaging probes." 11/18/2010 - "Curcumin can also reverse distorted and curvy neurites around senile plaques and repair the neuritic abnormalities. "
10.	AN-1792IBA 09/01/2011 - "Follow-up studies demonstrated that AN1792 could not improve cognitive functions, although senile plaques were cleared. " 05/01/2010 - "Clearance of amyloid plaques upon immunization with AN1792 effectively improves a morphological measure of neurite abnormality in the hippocampus. " 11/01/2011 - "Some patients who developed tissue amyloid plaque immuno-reactive (TAPIR) antibody showed slower decline after AN-1792 vaccination. " 01/01/2010 - "Although in some cases the apparent removal of amyloid plaques by AN-1792 was impressive, proportionate alterations in the clinical progression of AD were not evident. " 02/01/2010 - "Surprisingly, although AN-1792 cleared senile plaque amyloid, it showed no benefit in humans. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy 10/01/2010 - "Moreover, recent anti-Aβ immunotherapy clinical trials demonstrated efficient clearance of parenchymal amyloid deposits but have been plagued by CAA-associated adverse events. " 07/01/2006 - "Immunotherapy against the Abeta peptide has been effective in both clearing amyloid deposits from the brain, and improving the mnemonic performance of the transgenic mice. " 07/14/2009 - "In this study we investigated the extended effects of a single dose of passive anti-Abeta immunotherapy on morphological changes associated with senile plaques. " 02/01/2015 - "SAP is the target of a novel immunotherapy approach now being developed to eliminate amyloid deposits. " 09/15/2014 - "These data suggested that microglial activation is necessary for efficient removal of compact amyloid deposits with immunotherapy. "
2.	Liver Transplantation 08/01/2013 - "Regression of amyloid deposits in FAP patients who undergo liver transplantation to remove the main source of mutant TTR suggests the existence of mechanisms for the clearance of TTR deposits from the extracellular matrix (ECM), but the precise mechanisms are largely unknown. " 07/01/1998 - "Follow-up studies 1-5 years after liver transplantation showed that there had been substantial regression of the visceral amyloid deposits in two patients and modest improvement in three cases. " 07/01/2004 - "Although liver transplantation in FAP does not affect existing renal amyloid deposits, it prevents the progression of renal disease." 02/01/2002 - "In tissue, a decrease of HNE was noted after liver transplantation, whereas no significant changes were detected for amyloid deposits. " 07/01/1998 - "The variable capacity of patients to mobilise amyloid deposits following liver transplantation may contribute to their long-term clinical outcome."
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 07/01/2015 - "Our finding suggests that effective chemotherapy and/or ASCT in some patients with AHL not only eliminates the circulating pathogenic monoclonal Ig but also the Ig component of amyloid deposits, which may translate into renal response. " 02/01/2001 - "Two patients with multi-organ amyloid deposits including cardiac involvement died within 12 days after high-dose chemotherapy. " 02/01/2013 - "Severe damage to the heart caused by AL amyloid deposits is a contraindication of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation. " 03/01/2001 - "Drug therapy may also be useful at present in symptomatic treatment; a low dose of adrenocorticosteroids has recently been demonstrated as extremely effective for joint pain associated with beta 2-m amyloid deposits. " 01/01/1982 - "Noteworthy clinical aspects included the elusiveness of the proper diagnosis, the massive proteinuria in the absence of amyloid deposits, and the remarkable improvement in renal function following intermittent chemotherapy."
4.	Injections 04/15/2011 - "The feasibility of using less invasive intravenous femoral injections for amyloid plaque detection in AD transgenic mice facilitates using this method for longitudinal studies in the pathogenesis of AD." 10/01/2010 - "Moreover, we demonstrated that conformational antibodies were effective in clearing amyloid deposits caused by localised intra-lesional injections without the necessity of an immune response. " 06/01/2014 - "Protein and peptide drugs administered subcutaneously, such as insulin can be amyloidogenic and result in localized amyloid deposits at the sites of medication injections. " 02/01/1978 - "Formation of the typical amyloid deposits in the spleen were completed by the 5th--7th day of the experiment after 3--4 casein injections." 11/01/2014 - "injections with liraglutide (2.5 or 25 nmol/kg) or lixisenatide (1 or 10 nmol/kg) or saline of APP/PS1 mice at an age when amyloid plaques had already formed, performance in an object recognition task was improved in APP/PS1 mice by both drugs at all doses tested. "
5.	Lasers (Laser) 10/01/2009 - "To study the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for Abeta-mediated neuropathology, we performed a gene expression analysis on laser-microdissected brain tissue of Tg2576 and APPPS1 mice that are characterized by different types of amyloid plaques and genetic backgrounds. " 10/01/2001 - "In this study, the three-dimensional structures of two types of canine senile plaques (SP), diffuse plaques (DP) and mature plaques (MP), were compared using a confocal laser scanning microscope. " 10/01/2015 - "Here, we utilized matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry imaging to identify extracellular matrix compounds in amyloid deposits. " 04/01/2014 - "Amyloid deposits were isolated from the corneas of two siblings with LCD type 1 resulting from A546D/P551Q mutations in the TGFBI gene using laser capture microdissection and subsequently analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Proteolytic processing of TGFBIp was addressed by counting peptide spectra. " 01/01/2013 - "Corneal amyloid deposits and the surrounding corneal stroma were procured by laser capture microdissection from a patient with an A546D mutation in TGFBI. "