Tetraploidy

04/01/2015 - "However, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) based sequence tagged site (STS) study suggested one accession of Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á Löve (St genome) as a potential Y genome donor candidate in tetraploid E. "
01/01/2015 - "Recent studies of Acacia senegal report diploids and occasional tetraploids in the Sudano-Sahelian region of sub-Saharan Africa, but nothing is known about the overall extent of DNA ploidy variation within the species. "
02/01/2009 - "Among all analogues synthesized in this study, compound 10b was the most promising, being 12-fold more potent than compound 1. Its activity over a panel of five tumoral cell lines was in the nanomolar range for all of the histological types tested and flow cytometric studies performed on L1210 cells showed an accumulation of the cells in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle with a significant percentage of tetraploid cells (8N DNA content). "
05/01/2008 - "DNA flow cytometry (FCM) was used to study spermatogenesis and monitor the proportions of haploid (1n), diploid (2n), and tetraploid (4n) testicular cells, with conventional histological evaluation used as the reference technique. "
11/17/2005 - "Flow cytometric studies performed on L1210 cells with the most cytotoxic compounds showed an accumulation of the cells in the G2/M phases of the cell cycle with a significant percentage of tetraploid cells (8N DNA content). "

01/01/2015 - "Pluripotent stem cells could complement the developmental deficiency of tetraploid embryos and thus support the full-term mice development. "
02/01/2014 - "To distinguish the entire chromosome complement of tetraploid wheat, the DR147 karyotype was established by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using the Aegilops tauschii clone pAsl and the barley clone pHvG38 as probes. "
01/01/2013 - "One of the subgenomes present in all tetraploids of all subspecies was found to be very similar (though not identical) to the chromosome complement of the diploid glaucum. "
11/01/2012 - "We observed the induction of numerous abnormal mitoses and tetraploid interphase nuclei, as well as of MN in mononucleated cells, a high percentage of which had a diploid complement. "
04/01/2012 - "Tetraploids of these species also share a structurally heterozygous chromosome complement 2n = 19 (13M + 6A). "

07/01/2014 - "tomentosa miRNAs may play important roles in the improved traits seen in tetraploids. "
07/01/2014 - "This study provides a foundation for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in tetraploid trees."
07/01/2014 - "Among the miRNAs, 16 conserved miRNAs from 11 families and five novel miRNAs were differentially expressed in the tetraploid and diploid; most were more strongly expressed in the former. "
07/01/2014 - "Tetraploid plants often have better physical characteristics and stress tolerance than their diploid progenitors, but the role of miRNAs in this superiority is unclear. "
07/01/2014 - "Dynamic expression of novel and conserved microRNAs and their targets in diploid and tetraploid of Paulownia tomentosa."

01/01/2011 - "Its early development closely resembles that of its well-understood tetraploid relative Xenopus laevis, from which techniques and reagents can be readily transferred, but its compact genome is highly syntenic with those of amniotes. "
01/01/2015 - "In this study, CRISPR/Cas reagents expressing one of two single-guide RNA (sgRNA) targeting the potato ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE1 (StALS1) gene were tested for inducing targeted mutations in callus and stable events of diploid and tetraploid potato using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with either a conventional T-DNA or a modified geminivirus T-DNA. "
11/01/1991 - "Staining FNA samples with CycleTEST propidium iodide reagents demonstrated improved sensitivity in the recognition of near diploid and near tetraploid aneuploid populations: 9 of 20 resolvable aneuploid DNA stemlines identified in FNA suspensions were not detected or clearly resolved in M/EWC preparations. "

01/01/2012 - "Cottonseed oil content is a quantitative trait controlled by genes in the tetraploid embryo and tetraploid maternal plant genomes, and the knowledge of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and the genetic effects related to oil content in both genomes could facilitate the improvement in its quality and quantity. "
01/01/2013 - "In the present study, using a newly developed mapping model that can analyze the embryo and maternal main effects as well as QTL × environment interaction effects on quantitative quality trait loci (QTLs) in cottonseeds, a study on QTL located in the tetraploid embryo and tetraploid maternal plant genomes for essential amino acid contents in cottonseeds under different environments was carried out, using the immortal F2 (IF2) populations from a set of 188 recombinant inbred lines derived from an intraspecific hybrid cross of two upland cotton germplasms HS46 and MARKCBUCAG8US-1-88 as experimental materials. "
01/01/2012 - "Embryo additive and dominant effects from the tetraploid embryo genome, as well as maternal additive effects from the tetraploid maternal plant genome were found to be significant contributors to genetic variation in cottonseed oil content."

02/01/1979 - "The major conclusions are: 1) The percentage of tetraploid nuclei in normal mice is consistently between 1.0 and 2.0% from 4.5 to 14.5 weeks of age and increases to approximately 3.0% at 17 weeks of age; however, further studies are required to determined the significance of this increase; 2) in all age groups studied, percentages of polyploid nuclei are significantly greater in diabetic than in control mice; 3) the percentage of tetraploid nuclei in diabetic animals is elevated 220% over controls at 4.5 weeks of age, remains constant until 12 weeks (while other parameters such as blood glucose level and body weight continue to rise) and increases significantly between 12 and 14.5 weeks of age. "

02/01/1979 - "The major conclusions are: 1) The percentage of tetraploid nuclei in normal mice is consistently between 1.0 and 2.0% from 4.5 to 14.5 weeks of age and increases to approximately 3.0% at 17 weeks of age; however, further studies are required to determined the significance of this increase; 2) in all age groups studied, percentages of polyploid nuclei are significantly greater in diabetic than in control mice; 3) the percentage of tetraploid nuclei in diabetic animals is elevated 220% over controls at 4.5 weeks of age, remains constant until 12 weeks (while other parameters such as blood glucose level and body weight continue to rise) and increases significantly between 12 and 14.5 weeks of age. "

03/01/2011 - "The synthetic tetraploid had normal A- and B-type starch granules whilst Ae. peregrina had only A-granules because the B-granules failed to initiate. "
11/01/2010 - "In an association mapping experiment conducted with a population of 243 tetraploid potato varieties and breeding clones, we previously identified associations between individual candidate gene alleles and tuber starch content, starch yield and chip quality. "
05/01/2008 - "Tetraploid potato varieties and breeding clones related by descent were evaluated for 2 years for chip quality before and after cold storage, tuber starch content, yield and starch yield. "
01/01/2008 - "The secondary xylem of tetraploid types was wider than diploid ones, having thinner walls and less starch."
04/01/2004 - "Using starch electrophoresis, we examined 19 enzyme systems presumably controlled by 35 loci in the rare endemic tetraploid species Oxytropis chankaensis Jurtz. "

02/01/2009 - "Compared with the control group, there was an obvious increase in the number of apoptotic germ cells, a marked decrease in that of haploid and tetraploid cells and significantly up-regulated expressions of Bax and Fas/FasL mRNA in the torsion group (P <0.01). "
09/01/2006 - "This OS-mediated amplification of defense signaling and downstream response was also found in the tetraploid genomes but was absent from No; in No, OS treatment suppresses TPI mRNA accumulation and activity and does not increase JA accumulation. "
12/15/2015 - "In adults, vasa mRNA levels were significantly lower in the testes of sterile triploid fish compared with fertile diploids and tetraploids. "
09/01/2012 - "In addition, mRNA expression levels were characterized in diploid red crucian carp, triploids and tetraploids. "
09/01/2015 - "Sequence analysis of the bh(t) locus in a collection of mutant and wild-type tetraploid wheat accessions revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the DNA-binding domain gave rise to the domestication of 'Miracle-Wheat.' mRNA in situ hybridization, microarray experiments, and independent qRT-PCR validation analyses revealed that the branch repression pathway in barley is governed through the spike architecture gene Six-rowed spike 4 regulating COM2 expression, while HvIDS1 (barley ortholog of maize INDETERMINATE SPIKELET 1) is a putative downstream target of COM2. "

07/01/1992 - "There was an apparent loss of these peri-tetraploid cells during the preparation of the nuclear suspensions. "
01/01/1992 - "In imprints and smears of fine-needle aspirates and suspensions from one human liver specimen, 50 diploid, 50 tetraploid, and 25 octaploid nuclei were measured from each slide. "
12/01/1986 - "Flow-cytometric analysis of testicular cell suspensions showed a significant decline in the absolute numbers of haploid cells (spermatids), tetraploid cells (mainly pachytene spermatocytes) and of the numbers of cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle. "
10/01/1984 - "Cell suspensions isolated from carcinogen-treated rats can be shown to contain, already after 8 weeks, approximately 70% small, diploid hepatocytes, whereas suspensions from normal or partially hepatectomized control livers contain only approximately 10% diploid cells (the remainder being mostly tetraploid). "
01/01/1975 - "3. By means of the tracing of double sex chromatin bodies in the nuclei, the occurrence of tetraploid nuclei in the myometrium could be demonstrated both in nuclear suspensions and in sections of intact uterine wall."

01/01/2013 - "In addition, tetraploid (pre-)malignant cells display an elevated resistance against radio- and chemotherapy. "
03/01/2011 - "Tetraploid AML has been reported to have a poor prognosis and there have been very few cases maintaining CR over the long term after chemotherapy alone. "
05/01/2009 - "In the absence of p53, tetraploid cells accumulate as a result of inhibited apoptosis, which contributes to the acquisition of chemotherapy resistance."
07/01/2000 - "The patient with a tetraploid conceptus who required chemotherapy had negative CA-125. "
08/01/1990 - "Despite the use of contemporary intensive chemotherapy and short follow-up for most patients, 6 of the 20 near-tetraploid cases have relapsed or died. "

01/01/2007 - "Tetraploid cells are particularly resistant against genotoxic stress including radiotherapy and chemotherapy. "
09/01/1992 - "All 6 pretreatment diploid tumors became tetraploid after radiotherapy. "
11/01/1989 - "Tetraploidy was associated with response to radiotherapy when compared to diploid tumors (p = 0.07). "
04/01/1999 - "Considering variables in combination, hypertetraploid gliomas with high SOD immunoreactivity showed a significantly short time to progression (p < 0.05) (1-5 months after radiotherapy and chemotherapy) compared with hypertetraploid, low-SOD immunoreactivity gliomas or tetraploid, low-SOD immunoreactivity gliomas. "
12/01/2012 - "Tetraploidy with a balanced duplication of the whole genome, or polyploidy can occur in non-neoplastic conditions of the bladder such as Decoy cells, radiotherapy-induced changes and urolithiasis. "

11/01/1998 - "Although remission was induced with chemotherapy he subsequently relapsed with marrow and/or CNS involvement and was maintained on palliative therapy until he developed sepsis and died, 13 months following the observation of tetraploidy and 33 months following the onset of acute leukemia."

08/01/1989 - "[Spontaneous remission of four months' duration in hypoplastic leukemia with tetraploid chromosome after blood transfusions and infection]."

09/01/2005 - "The performance of plants of both cytotypes can be assessed in their respective habitats through reciprocal transplants, although such experiments have not been used previously in the study of tetraploid speciation. "
10/01/1985 - "To study the nature and extent of such 'migration' in intact and regenerating organisms, and in order to avoid the flaws of using pigmentation as a marker, we made grafts between sexual and asexual races of Dugesia(S)mediterranea that differ in a chromosomal marker, and between diploid and tetraploid biotypes of Dugesia(S)polychroa that differ in nuclear size. "
04/26/2011 - "Using field transplant experiments with wild-collected plants, I show that hexaploids have a fivefold fitness advantage over tetraploids in dune habitats. "
09/01/2005 - "We used a series of seed and seedling transplant experiments to assess ecological differentiation and competitive ability during early establishment phases for tetraploid and diploid forms of the snow buttercup (Ranunculus adoneus). "
06/01/1984 - "In order to determine the origin of blood cells we performed embryonic grafts of different portions of mesoderm from various locations between diploid and tetraploid embryos at the tail-bud stage. "