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Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome

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A grouping of three closely linked conditions: iris nevus (or Cogan-Reese) syndrome, Chandler Syndrome, and essential (progressive) iris atrophy. The most common features of this syndrome are the movement of endothelial cells off the cornea onto the iris leading to corneal swelling, distortion of the iris, and variable degrees of distortion of the pupil. The abnormal cell movement plugs fluid outflow channels of the eye causing GLAUCOMA.

Also Known As:

Chandler Syndrome; Chandler's Syndrome; Dystrophy Endothelial Cornea; Iris Atrophy with Corneal Edema and Glaucoma; Chandlers Syndrome; Cornea, Dystrophy Endothelial; Corneas, Dystrophy Endothelial; Dystrophy Endothelial Corneas; Endothelial Cornea, Dystrophy; Endothelial Corneas, Dystrophy; Endothelial Syndrome, Iridocorneal; Endothelial Syndromes, Iridocorneal; Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndromes

Networked: 66 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Eye Diseases: 2132
- Corneal Diseases: 491
  - Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome: 66
- Uveal Diseases: 16
  - Iris Diseases: 3
    - Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome: 66

Related Diseases

1.	Low Vision (Subnormal Vision)
2.	Atrophy
3.	Vascular Diseases (Vascular Disease)
4.	Immune System Diseases (Immune Disorders)
5.	Glaucoma

Experts

1.	Price, Marianne O: 3 articles (09/2015 - 05/2007)
2.	Price, Francis W: 3 articles (09/2015 - 05/2007)
3.	Chaurasia, Sunita: 2 articles (07/2014 - 12/2012)
4.	Sangwan, Virender S: 2 articles (07/2014 - 12/2012)
5.	Ramappa, Muralidhar: 2 articles (07/2014 - 12/2012)
6.	Huang, Ting: 2 articles (01/2009 - 01/2002)
7.	Chen, Jiaqi: 2 articles (01/2009 - 01/2002)
8.	Rootman, David: 2 articles (09/2008 - 01/2008)
9.	Bahar, Irit: 2 articles (09/2008 - 01/2008)
10.	Kaiserman, Igor: 2 articles (09/2008 - 01/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome:

1.	IceIBA 01/01/2002 - "To study the clinical characteristics of the contralateral eyes in patients with unilateral iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE). " 07/01/2013 - "To summarize the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE syndrome) and analyze the main reasons. " 08/01/2009 - "The patient subsequently had Chandler's syndrome diagnosed in the left eye, an iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome, rather than PPMD. " 11/01/2008 - "To evaluate the morphological changes of cornea in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE) under the examination of in vivo confocal microscopy. " 10/01/2005 - "[Iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE-S): classification, clinical picture, diagnosis]."
2.	CollagenIBA 01/01/1996 - "However, in corneal endotheliopathies such as Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy and the iridocorneal-endothelial syndrome large amounts of wide-spaced collagen are deposited posterior to Descemet's membrane in a grotesque parody of the anterior banded zone termed a posterior collagenous layer. " 11/01/1990 - "Additional studies showed no evidence of humoral immune disorder or collagen vascular disease in the patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. " 08/01/1994 - "A corneal disc, obtained from a 52-year-old woman suffering from an early stage of the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE), was investigated by various morphological techniques to analyse the structural variations in the endothelial cells and to identify the collagen types within the abnormal layer of Descemet's membrane. "
3.	Keratins (Keratin)IBA 01/01/2010 - "The presence of stratified multilayered corneal endothelial cells with abnormal patterns of cytokeratin expression are remarkably similar to those observed in human posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) and the sporadic condition, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome. " 12/01/1992 - "Cytokeratin expression in corneal endothelium in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 05/01/1983 - "The cells lining the posterior surface of a corneal button obtained from a patient with Chandler's syndrome were examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and by keratin staining. "
4.	1 Fuchs' endothelial Corneal dystrophyIBA 03/01/2010 - "The median survival time for the third graft was 12.8 years in Fuchs dystrophy, 5.2 years in herpetic keratitis, 4.0 years in keratoconus, 3.0 years in pseudophakic bullous keratopathy, 2.3 years in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, and 2.0 years in stromal dystrophies. " 06/01/1984 - "In this classification, corneal endothelial disorders are categorized as abnormalities of neural crest cell formation (cyclopia), migration (Peters' anomaly), proliferation (iridocorneal endothelial syndrome), final differentiation (Fuchs' dystrophy), and acquired abnormalities (metaplasia, abiatrophy, and proliferation)." 07/01/2000 - "Then, with the optimal oxygen level, we attempted to evaluate pump function in 53 normal subjects, 5 Fuchs' dystrophy patients, and 3 iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE) patients. "
5.	VimentinIBA 04/01/1995 - "The "endothelial" cell layer in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome has electron microscopic and immunohistochemical characteristics of epithelial-like cells, but it also cross-reacts with vimentin, suggesting that these cells retain or derive some endothelial staining characteristics as well. " 08/01/1997 - "Corneas from four patients with Chandler's syndrome and three with essential iris atrophy were examined by two-color immunofluorescence for simultaneous expression of cytokeratins and two markers of endothelial lineage: vimentin and the antigen recognized by the antiendothelial monoclonal antibody 2B4.14.1. "
6.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1998 - "Her ocular history included iridocorneal endothelial syndrome, requiring two trabeculectomies, the last of which included the use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). " 03/01/1991 - "5-Fluorouracil after trabeculectomy and the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome."
7.	AntigensIBA 11/01/1990 - "Ten of 12 seropositive patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and five of 12 seropositive controls had antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus-induced early antigens (greater than or equal to 1:10) (Fisher's Exact Test, P less than .05), while four seropositive patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and one seropositive control had low to undetectable levels of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus-associated nuclear antigen (less than or equal to 1:5) (P greater than .1). " 08/01/1997 - "Corneas from four patients with Chandler's syndrome and three with essential iris atrophy were examined by two-color immunofluorescence for simultaneous expression of cytokeratins and two markers of endothelial lineage: vimentin and the antigen recognized by the antiendothelial monoclonal antibody 2B4.14.1. " 11/01/1990 - "Both the geometric mean titer of IgG antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen and the proportion with high titers of IgG antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus capsid antigen (greater than or equal to 1:640) were significantly higher in 12 seropositive patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome than in 12 seropositive controls (1/761:1/202, P = .001; 83.3%:8.3%, P less than .001). "
8.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2000 - "Outcome of trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome."
9.	Tuberculin (PPD)IBA 05/01/1991 - "Endothelial specular photomicroscopy (ESP) revealed distinctive characteristics of PPD vesicles and bands that distinguish them from other posterior corneal abnormalities, e.g., the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and Haab's striae, which can appear similar at the slit lamp level. "
10.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)FDA Link 01/01/2013 - "Intracameral injection of tissue plasminogen activator to treat severe postoperative fibrinous reaction in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Penetrating Keratoplasty 03/01/2001 - "Penetrating keratoplasty in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 03/01/1993 - "The prognosis of penetrating keratoplasty in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome appears to be very favorable in the majority of eyes." 03/01/1993 - "Prognosis for penetrating keratoplasty in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 01/01/1989 - "Penetrating keratoplasty in the management of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 09/15/1984 - "Results of penetrating keratoplasty in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome."
2.	Corneal Transplantation (Keratoplasty) 01/01/2008 - "Descemet's stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty appears to be an effective measure to treat corneal decompensation, improve vision, and facilitate the examination of the optic disc and retina in patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 11/01/2015 - "The Boston KPro-1 may offer a better prognosis than repeat traditional keratoplasty in reestablishing corneal clarity in eyes with iridocorneal endothelial syndromes. " 11/01/2015 - "To evaluate the outcome of the Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (KPro-1) in eyes with iridocorneal endothelial syndromes and failed keratoplasties. " 09/01/2012 - "Clinicopathologic findings in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and posterior polymorphous membranous dystrophy after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty." 01/01/2009 - "Deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty for iridocorneal endothelial syndrome in phakic eyes."
3.	Transplants (Transplant) 11/01/2015 - "A retrospective review was performed of every eye with a history of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and a failed corneal transplant that was treated with a KPro-1 at a tertiary eye care center between January 1, 2008, and July 1, 2014. " 01/01/2016 - "Graft Failure and Intraocular Pressure Control After Keratoplasty in Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome." 09/01/2015 - "Graft failure and intraocular pressure control after keratoplasty in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome." 07/01/2007 - "It can successfully treat corneal dysfunction associated with Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy, bullous keratopathy, iridocorneal endothelial syndrome or a failed penetrating graft. " 12/01/2012 - "Management of detached graft donor by SF₆ injection following Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty of an eye with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome and Ahmed glaucoma drainage tube."
4.	Trabeculectomy (Trabeculoplasty) 04/01/1980 - "Histopathologic examination of trabeculectomy and iridectomy specimens from two patients with Pmd and one patient with Chandler's syndrome disclosed a common basic pathologic process--endothelialization of the anterior chamber angle. " 06/01/1986 - "Eight keratoplasty and 14 trabeculectomy specimens from Chandler's syndrome, Essential Iris Atrophy, and the Cogan-Reese syndrome were studied by electron microscopic and morphometric methods. " 03/01/2012 - "The most commonly recognized indications for GDD implantation were a history of 2 failed trabeculectomies (85%), neovascular glaucoma (71%), iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (55%), and uveitic glaucoma (52%). " 04/01/1978 - "Trabeculectomy and peripheral iridectomy specimens from one male and two female patients with Chandler's syndrome (age, 30 to 42 years) showed that all had unilateral corneal endothelial "dystrophy," corneal edema, mild to moderate iris atrophy without holes, peripheral anterior synechiae, and glaucoma. " 02/01/2000 - "Outcome of trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C in the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome."
5.	Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty 10/01/2015 - "Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty in Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome: Postoperative Complications and Long-Term Outcomes." 05/01/2011 - "[Non-Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty for treating iridocorneal endothelial syndrome in phakic eyes]." 08/01/2013 - "[Excimer laser assisted Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty in iridocorneal endothelial syndrome]."