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Gastric Regurgitation

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GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX wherein the retrograde flow passes through the UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER

Also Known As:

Regurgitation, Gastric; Aspiration, Gastric; Aspirations, Gastric; Gastric Aspirations; Laryngopharyngeal Refluxs; Reflux, Laryngopharyngeal; Refluxs, Laryngopharyngeal; Gastric Aspiration; Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Networked: 314 relevant articles (25 outcomes, 61 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Digestive System Diseases: 46
- Gastrointestinal Diseases: 1735
  - Esophageal Diseases: 177
    - Deglutition Disorders: 4413
      - Esophageal Motility Disorders: 204
        Gastroesophageal Reflux: 6485
        Gastric Regurgitation: 314

Related Diseases

1.	Cough
2.	Vomiting
3.	Lung Injury
4.	Sepsis (Septicemia)
5.	Esophageal Neoplasms (Esophageal Cancer)

Experts

1.	Johnston, Nikki: 10 articles (09/2014 - 12/2004)
2.	Dettmar, Peter W: 8 articles (01/2014 - 12/2004)
3.	Vaezi, Michael F: 4 articles (03/2013 - 07/2005)
4.	Altman, Kenneth W: 4 articles (11/2011 - 11/2003)
5.	Radosevich, James A: 4 articles (11/2011 - 11/2003)
6.	Toohill, Robert J: 4 articles (01/2009 - 11/2004)
7.	Xu, Min: 3 articles (07/2015 - 07/2014)
8.	Jobe, Blair A: 3 articles (05/2015 - 06/2004)
9.	Pearson, Jeffrey P: 3 articles (01/2014 - 06/2007)
10.	Knight, Paul R: 3 articles (02/2013 - 03/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Gastric Regurgitation:

1.	Proton Pump InhibitorsIBA 05/01/2011 - "Our results suggest that intensive empirical treatment with proton pump inhibitors is effective in diagnosing laryngopharyngeal reflux." 03/01/2013 - "The objective of this study is to determine the efficacy of adding a prokinetic agent to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) for the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease. " 06/01/2013 - "Factors predicting the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in patients with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) are unclear. " 09/01/2010 - "There is controversy about the efficacy of treating patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). " 02/01/2006 - "This systematic review assessed the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors in the treatment of symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux. "
2.	Omeprazole (Esomeprazole)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2011 - "[Evaluation of efficacy of esomeprazole treatment in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux]." 02/01/2007 - "Efficacy of once-daily esomeprazole treatment in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux evaluated by 24-hour pH monitoring." 04/01/2003 - "Objectives were to determine the efficacy of empiric treatment with esomeprazole for patients diagnosed with laryngopharyngeal reflux and to determine a treatment paradigm for this patient population. " 02/01/2010 - "Examination was suggestive of laryngopharyngeal reflux, and she was started on a therapeutic trial of esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily. " 09/01/2008 - "Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with esomeprazole for symptoms and signs associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux."
3.	Proton Pumps (Proton Pump)IBA 05/01/2014 - "Efficacy of super high dose proton pump inhibitor administration in refractory laryngopharyngeal reflux: a pilot study." 06/01/2013 - "The mainstay of treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux focuses on a concoction involving proton-pump inhibitor and modified beneficial behaviors, sometimes referring to medications like H2-R blocker etc. Therapeutic effect seems to be promising although may at times be challenged by conflict researches. " 12/01/2013 - "Several trials on the predictors of response to proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) have shown conflicting results. " 08/01/2013 - "The author performed a MEDLINE literature search to identify and evaluate all randomized, placebo-controlled trials of the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) with an oral proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) that have been published since 1966. " 03/01/2013 - "Numerous trials have assessed the role of proton pump inhibitor therapy in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux and most have revealed no benefit to acid suppression over placebo. "
4.	Ranitidine (Zantac)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1984 - "In addition, fewer patients tended to be "at risk" of pulmonary aspiration syndrome (pH less than or equal to 2.5) after ranitidine 100 mg than ranitidine 50 mg or cimetidine 300 mg. Preoperative intramuscular ranitidine 100 mg was found to be suitable for use in protection against gastric aspiration syndrome." 10/01/1989 - "Twenty-four-hour gastric aspiration studies have been superseded by dataloggers that continuously record intragastric pH. We have studied both techniques in a practical pharmacologic study, comparing early evening versus nighttime dosing with ranitidine and nizatidine against placebo. " 12/01/1992 - "However, in the emergency group, those who were given sodium citrate alone tend to have a larger volume of gastric aspiration when compared with those given ranitidine together with the sodium citrate. " 11/01/1984 - "Intramuscular cimetidine and ranitidine as prophylaxis against gastric aspiration syndrome--a randomized double-blind study." 12/01/1982 - "Intravenous ranitidine (in both 40- and 80-mg doses) produced fewer patients at risk in the event gastric aspiration should occur than did cimetidine, 300 mg, and the 80-mg dose produced a higher mean pH level. "
5.	Pepsin A (Pepsin)IBA 05/01/2015 - "Hypopharyngeal pepsin and Sep70 as diagnostic markers of laryngopharyngeal reflux: preliminary study." 11/01/2012 - "In our study on 45 patients with laryngopharyngeal disease, we have proved that tracking the value of pepsin in the saliva of a valuable diagnostic indicator of laryngopharyngeal reflux and a valuable indicator of the success of the treatment." 07/01/2011 - "To study the value of the pepsin in the sputum for diagnosing and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux. " 07/01/2011 - "[A study of the pepsin in the sputum for diagnosis and treatment evaluation of laryngopharyngeal reflux]." 02/01/2009 - "To study whether the presence of gastric pepsin in the sputum might be used as a reliable criteria of laryngopharyngeal reflux. "
6.	rabeprazole (Aciphex)FDA Link 09/01/2010 - "Rabeprazole is effective in treating laryngopharyngeal reflux in a randomized placebo-controlled trial." 03/01/2012 - "Open-Label Observational Study for Evaluating the Short-term Benefits of Rabeprazole Medication on Laryngopharyngeal Reflux." 06/01/2011 - "Prospective, observational study using rabeprazole in 455 patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease." 01/01/2012 - "A total of 146 endoscopic images of the larynx and pharynx (60 pairs for the rabeprazole group and 13 pairs for the control group) were presented to 15 otolaryngologists blinded to patient information and were scored according to several variables potentially associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. " 07/01/2005 - "Her symptoms persisted and rabeprazole was added to treat possible laryngopharyngeal reflux. "
7.	sodium citrate FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1992 - "However, in the emergency group, those who were given sodium citrate alone tend to have a larger volume of gastric aspiration when compared with those given ranitidine together with the sodium citrate. " 01/01/1991 - "A study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral premedication with diazepam or enprostil in preventing the gastric aspiration syndrome in fasted patients scheduled for elective surgery, and to compare the results with those obtained with ranitidine and sodium citrate. "
8.	alginic acid (sodium alginate)IBA 12/01/2008 - "A recent pilot nonplacebo-controlled study has shown promising results for treating laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms with liquid alginate suspension. " 02/01/2009 - "The value of a liquid alginate suspension (Gaviscon Advance) in the management of laryngopharyngeal reflux."
9.	EnprostilIBA 01/01/1991 - "A study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral premedication with diazepam or enprostil in preventing the gastric aspiration syndrome in fasted patients scheduled for elective surgery, and to compare the results with those obtained with ranitidine and sodium citrate. "
10.	Diazepam (Valium)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1991 - "A study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral premedication with diazepam or enprostil in preventing the gastric aspiration syndrome in fasted patients scheduled for elective surgery, and to compare the results with those obtained with ranitidine and sodium citrate. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Fundoplication 12/01/2007 - "Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication is effective in relieving the symptoms of laryngopharyngeal reflux in a carefully selected patient population. " 03/28/2015 - "To investigate the utility of scintigraphic studies in predicting response to laparoscopic fundoplication (LF) for chronic laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms. " 04/01/2006 - "Surgical fundoplication in laryngopharyngeal reflux unresponsive to aggressive acid suppression: a controlled study." 01/01/2012 - "Impact of laparoscopic fundoplication for the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux: review of the literature." 07/01/2011 - "The reliability of Nissen fundoplication for the successful treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms remains in question. "
2.	Tonsillectomy 06/01/2008 - "A prospective, blinded study was undertaken, including 60 patients scheduled for tonsillectomy, divided into two equal groups: a study group (group A) with pre-operative laryngopharyngeal reflux documented using ambulatory 24-hour pH monitoring; and a control group (group B) without laryngopharyngeal reflux. " 06/01/2008 - "To study a potential correlation between pre-operative laryngopharyngeal reflux and wound healing and recovery after tonsillectomy, based on subjective and objective findings. " 06/01/2008 - "Laryngopharyngeal reflux can significantly decrease wound healing following tonsillectomy. " 06/01/2008 - "Does laryngopharyngeal reflux affect healing and recovery after tonsillectomy?" 07/01/2012 - "Efficacy of gastric aspiration in reducing post-tonsillectomy vomiting in children."
3.	Premedication 10/01/1982 - "Does oral premedication increase the risk of gastric aspiration? " 04/01/1988 - "The effect of metoclopramide premedication on the incidence of gastric regurgitation and postoperative nausea and vomiting was studied in 101 women during gynaecological procedures performed under mask anaesthesia. " 01/01/1991 - "A study was designed to assess the efficacy of oral premedication with diazepam or enprostil in preventing the gastric aspiration syndrome in fasted patients scheduled for elective surgery, and to compare the results with those obtained with ranitidine and sodium citrate. "
4.	Catheters 08/01/2014 - "HMII used a specialized impedance catheter to directly measure laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and full column reflux (reflux 2 cm distal to the upper esophageal sphincter). " 07/31/2014 - "Using an oropharyngeal pH catheter to monitor laryngopharyngeal reflux indicated that in healthy Chinese, reflux should be considered normal if the percent time at pH less than 4.5 is no more than 1%." 08/01/2009 - "A new pH catheter for laryngopharyngeal reflux: Normal values." 02/01/2009 - "To determine the clinical value of pharyngeal pH monitoring for the diagnosis of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) by using a double-probe, triple-sensor catheter in patients with symptoms of LPR. " 02/01/2009 - "The clinical value of pharyngeal pH monitoring using a double-probe, triple-sensor catheter in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux."
5.	Electrodes (Electrode) 01/01/2005 - "The electromyographic features of the cricopharyngeal muscle were investigated by means of concentric needle electrodes inserted percutaneously both in 20 normal subjects and in 20 patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux. " 01/01/1988 - "For determination of gastric secretion, the 24-hour ambulatory gastric pH-metry using endoluminal glass electrodes is much more useful than the tests of gastric aspiration. " 03/01/1987 - "A gastric aspiration probe attached to a combined glass electrode was placed in the stomach of 24 patients, with its distal tip located between 9 and 12 cm below the cardia. " 02/01/2003 - "To define normal values for laryngopharyngeal reflux using an improved catheter design with adjustable electrode placement for pH monitoring. " 01/01/1990 - "Comparison of gastric aspiration and continuous pH monitoring with antimony electrode: methodological remarks."