Renal Colic

A severe pain in the lower back radiating to the groin, scrotum, and labia which is most commonly caused by a kidney stone (RENAL CALCULUS) passing through the URETER or by other urinary track blockage. It is often associated with nausea, vomiting, fever, restlessness, dull pain, frequent urination, and HEMATURIA.

Also Known As:

Networked: 537 relevant articles (95 outcomes, 102 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Shock
3.	Urolithiasis
4.	Calculi (Calculus)
5.	Nephrolithiasis

Experts

1.	Soleimanpour, Hassan: 4 articles (02/2014 - 01/2011)
2.	Sfakianakis, George N: 3 articles (03/2013 - 04/2002)
3.	Eken, Cenker: 3 articles (11/2012 - 02/2009)
4.	González Enguita, C: 3 articles (11/2001 - 03/2000)
5.	Vela Navarrete, R: 3 articles (11/2001 - 03/2000)
6.	Tepeler, Abdulkadir: 2 articles (06/2015 - 01/2013)
7.	Branchereau, J: 2 articles (04/2014 - 06/2013)
8.	Xue, Peng: 2 articles (04/2014 - 04/2013)
9.	Golzari, Samad Ej: 2 articles (02/2014 - 02/2014)
10.	Safari, Saeid: 2 articles (02/2014 - 02/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Renal Colic:

1.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2014 - "The aim of the study is to determine whether dermal scarification is equally effective for treating acute renal colic compared to diclofenac sodium intramuscular therapy. " 10/10/1996 - "We have conducted a double-blind randomised placebo controlled trial with oral diclofenac to study the prophylactic effect on recurrence of renal colic and rate of spontaneous stone expulsion. " 01/01/1995 - "We have conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with oral diclofenac to study the prophylactic effect on renal colic recurrence and spontaneous stone expulsion rate. " 01/01/1983 - "Diclofenac sodium in ureteral colic: a double-blind comparison trial with placebo." 12/01/2014 - "In conclusion, dermal scarification could constitute an alternative method for treating renal colic as it is equally effective compared to the standard treatment of diclofenac sodium."
2.	Morphine (MS Contin)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2015 - "According to the results study, Apotel plus a low dose of morphine is at least as effective and safe as a full dose of morphine in patients with renal colic." 01/01/2012 - "We conclude that there were no significant differences among the gender, time of admission and side - effects in renal colic patients in response to morphine." 01/01/2012 - "To investigate the most effective dose of morphine with the least side effects in emergency renal colic patients. " 09/01/2009 - "His contributions to urology were significant and include his descriptions of his own episodes of renal colic and the use of morphine-"God's own medicine."" 12/01/2015 - "The Comparison of Apotel plus Low Dose of Morphine and Full Dose of Morphine in Pain Relief in Patients with Acute Renal Colic."
3.	Deamino Arginine Vasopressin (Desmopressin)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2001 - "An assessment of the clinical efficacy of intranasal desmopressin spray in the treatment of renal colic." 11/01/2015 - "The Danish National Prescription Registry data-linked with Danish National Patient Registry during a 3-year period from 2009 to 2011 was used to study prescriptions for desmopressin in renal colic. " 12/01/1998 - "This study evaluates the effectiveness of desmopressin renal spray, an antidiuretic drug, in treating patients with acute renal colic. " 11/01/2015 - "In summary, these real-life prescription data provide exact epidemiological measures on desmopressin utilisation in renal colic. " 11/01/2015 - "We identified 888 desmopressin prescriptions for renal colic, dispensed to 95 patients. "
4.	KetorolacIBA 11/01/1999 - "Based on their findings and review of the literature, the authors recommend that intravenous ketorolac be used as the first-line treatment for acute renal colic in patients in whom the medication is not contraindicated." 05/01/1993 - "The objective of this study was to report the authors' experience using intravenous ketorolac (Syntex Laboratories, Palo Alto, CA) as an analgesic in the treatment of renal colic in a convenience sample at three suburban community hospital emergency departments. " 04/01/1990 - "The results of the study show that intramuscular ketorolac is efficacious in the treatment of renal colic." 09/01/2014 - "This may reflect the inclusion of ketorolac in the renal colic order set. " 09/01/2014 - "The introduction of CPOE is associated with an increase in ketorolac use for ED renal colic visits. "
5.	Meperidine (Pethidine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1991 - "pethidine in acute renal colic. " 12/01/1988 - "Supra-malleolar acupuncture substituting for pethidine in appeasement of renal colic." 08/01/2000 - "Statistically significant differences were found with regard to frequency of chills and fever, history of renal colic, referral for renal colic during that year or hospitalization for renal colic or nephrolithiasis, previous positive imaging, stone removal by surgery or extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, fever exceeding 37.5 degrees and administration of fluids, pethidine or pramin in the ED, prolonged stay in the ED and previous appendectomy. " 01/01/1999 - "These results show that intramuscular ketorolac as a single agent for renal colic is more effective than meperidine and promotes earlier discharge of renal colic patients from the ED." 04/01/2000 - "In the doses studied, single-dose IV ketorolac is as effective as titrated IV meperidine for the relief of acute renal colic and causes less functional impairment."
6.	Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2012 - "Intravenous paracetamol is effective in treating patients presenting with renal colic to the emergency department. " 10/01/2009 - "Intravenous paracetamol is an efficacious and safe treatment for ED patients with renal colic." 06/01/2015 - "In renal colic patients with a possible nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug and acetaminophen side effect risk, acupuncture emerges as an alternative treatment modality." 04/01/2014 - "Re: Intracutaneous sterile water injection versus oral paracetamol for renal colic during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. " 04/01/2014 - "Response to the letter by Sharma et al.: Intracutaneous sterile water injection versus oral paracetamol for renal colic during pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. "
7.	Indomethacin (Indometacin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1978 - "Based on a theoretical analysis of the genesis of ureteral colic, it was assumed that indomethacin, a potent prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, ought to be useful in the treatment of patients with an obstructing ureteral stone. " 01/01/1984 - "In a prospective, randomized study, the prophylactic effect of indomethacin (150 mg daily) in regard to recurrence of ureteral colic was investigated in 78 patients. " 01/01/1982 - "In a multicentre study the analgetic effect of indomethacin in ureteral colic was analyzed. " 01/01/1990 - "These findings may represent a further possible direct effect of indomethacin on the upper urinary tract during the treatment of renal colic." 04/01/1988 - "Rectal v. intravenous administration of indomethacin in the treatment of renal colic."
8.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 12/01/2000 - "Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are currently considered a first-line treatment of renal colic. " 03/01/1997 - "Contrast studies, forced hydration and NSAIDs for renal colic are potentially harmful and their use should be re-evaluated." 01/01/2015 - " adverse effects are not reported in the literature for the use of NSAIDs for treatment of renal colic." 09/01/2005 - "A short cut review was carried out to establish whether rectal non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are as effective as IV NSAIDs in the management of acute renal colic. " 10/01/2003 - "Doppler evaluation of patients with renal colic requires careful interpretation after the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), since values of renal RI depend on the drug that has been used to relieve symptoms."
9.	Piroxicam (Feldene)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2014 - "We describe a case of a woman with AGEP, who presented with generalized pustulosis lesions after the use of piroxicam for renal colic. " 01/01/2007 - "The piroxicam FDDF tablet was found to be as effective as the IM injection form of the same agent in the treatment of renal colic. " 01/01/2007 - "Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial of sublingual or intramuscular piroxicam in the treatment of renal colic. " 09/01/1990 - "The authors treated eight patients with acute renal colic due to calculi, confirmed by intravenous pyelogram, with piroxicam (Feldene), an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis (IPS), given intramuscularly in an initial dose of 20 mg followed by 20 mg in 20 minutes. " 01/26/1999 - "- We concluded that piroxicam can be used successfully to treat acute renal colic and it has earlier onset of action and prolong effect as compared with diclofenac sodium."
10.	Nifedipine (Adalat)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1989 - "We conclude that nifedipine does not differ significantly from placebo in providing relief from acute renal colic." 10/01/1991 - "The Authors evaluated clinical efficacy of nifedipine versus cymetropio bromide in relieving acute ureteral colic in 40 patients. " 04/01/1989 - "Conflicting results have been reported concerning the clinical efficacy of nifedipine in relieving acute renal colic. " 05/01/1993 - "Thus, nifedipine would not be expected to decrease renal colic from obstruction." 07/01/1990 - "Unreliable effect of nifedipine in relieving renal colic."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Lithotripsy (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy) 01/01/2010 - "To evaluate the clinical efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) for bilateral ureteral stones with renal colic in emergency. " 12/01/2004 - "[Efficacy of extracorporeal lithotripsy in acute renal colic: prospective study about 57 consecutive patients]." 07/01/2000 - "Seven patients have undergone urgent extracorporeal lithotripsy (UEL) for renal colics. " 05/01/1996 - "[Extracorporeal lithotripsy in the treatment of renal colic]." 07/01/1991 - "One hundred and thirty-six (62.38%) patients had no post-lithotripsy non-obstructive urological complications, but when these occurred, renal colic, evident in 52 patients (23.85%), was the most frequent one. "
2.	Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) 05/01/2006 - "This trial shows that local TENS is a rapid and effective treatment for renal colic pain. " 01/01/2007 - "Re: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: an effective treatment for pain caused by renal colic in emergency care. " 05/01/2006 - "Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation: an effective treatment for pain caused by renal colic in emergency care." 05/01/2006 - "We hypothesized that TENS is an effective pain treatment in patients with acute renal colic. "
3.	Catheters 03/01/2011 - "For pregnant women with renal colic, retrograde intra-ureteral cannula of double-J stent is both safe and effective. " 09/01/2013 - "In conditions, medical management of urinary stones and consequent renal colic in pregnant women cannot improve patients' symptoms, choosing of a surgical method like setting of a DJ catheter or URS and pneumatic lithotripsy can be a safe and effective way for the health of both the mother and fetus. " 12/01/2002 - "In our series JJ catheter makes fragment expulsion difficult after treatment of the lumbar ureter lithiasis although it minimises the incidence of renal colic, the most frequent post-ESWL complication." 10/01/2000 - "Placement of a ureteral catheter or nephrostomy for analgesia in order to perform deferred SWEL of the ureteral stone origin of the acute ureteral obstruction and the renal colic, do not improve SWEL results. " 06/01/2013 - "The urology-related call motives (73%) mainly consisted in acute urine retention (AUR) and catheter problems (73), renal colic (RC) (49), acute pyelonephritis (23), and hematuria (22). "
4.	Analgesia 01/01/2015 - "We propose to use it for analgesia in adults presenting renal colics. " 01/01/2011 - "A pilot study at our institution found that only 69% of ED patients with renal colic had evidence of clinically significant analgesia. " 02/01/2009 - "To seek an association between access block and time to parenteral opioid analgesia (POA) in ED patients presenting with renal colic. " 02/01/2009 - "Association between access block and time to parenteral opioid analgesia in renal colic: a pilot study." 01/01/2006 - "For most patients with acute renal colic, parenteral analgesia resulted in complete symptom resolution. "
5.	Stents 03/01/2011 - "(4) If renal colic was not relieved, a double-J stent was inserted into the ureter via cystoscopy. " 03/01/2015 - "Patients with no ureteral double-J stent after RIRS constituted Group 1, and those with double- J stent after RIRS constituted Group 2. Patients' age and gender, renal stone characteristics (location and dimension), stone-free status, VAS score 8 hours after surgery, post-procedural renal colic attacks, length of hospitalization, requirement for re-hospitalization, time to rehospitalization and secondary procedure requirements were analyzed. " 10/01/2012 - "After management of complicated renal colic by ureteral stent, 64% of patients had spontaneous elimination of stones after removing of ureteral stent, especially in women and pelvic ureter." 10/01/2012 - "[Should we consider a complementary treatment after a renal colic drained by an ureteral stent?]." 12/01/2011 - "Herein, we present a case of a fractured retained ureteral stent noted in a patient lost to follow-up for five years and resurfaced only after complaints of contralateral renal colic."