Microscopic Polyangiitis

A primary systemic vasculitis of small- and some medium-sized vessels. It is characterized by a tropism for kidneys and lungs, positive association with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), and a paucity of immunoglobulin deposits in vessel walls.

Also Known As:

Networked: 593 relevant articles (26 outcomes, 31 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Wegener Granulomatosis (Wegener's Granulomatosis)
2.	Vasculitis (Vasculitides)
3.	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis
4.	Churg-Strauss Syndrome (Allergic Angiitis)
5.	Systemic Vasculitis

Experts

1.	Guillevin, Loïc: 27 articles (08/2015 - 02/2003)
2.	Pagnoux, Christian: 20 articles (04/2015 - 04/2003)
3.	Specks, Ulrich: 16 articles (07/2015 - 05/2002)
4.	Mouthon, Luc: 16 articles (04/2015 - 02/2003)
5.	Kallenberg, Cees G M: 15 articles (04/2015 - 02/2002)
6.	Mahr, Alfred: 13 articles (04/2015 - 02/2003)
7.	Chen, Min: 12 articles (10/2013 - 01/2007)
8.	Cohen, Pascal: 10 articles (04/2015 - 02/2003)
9.	Fervenza, Fernando C: 10 articles (04/2015 - 11/2006)
10.	Zhao, Ming-Hui: 9 articles (07/2011 - 04/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Microscopic Polyangiitis:

1.	Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCA)IBA 04/01/2015 - "No differences in remission rates or increases in eGFR at 18 months were evident when analysis was stratified by ANCA type, AAV diagnosis (granulomatosis with polyangiitis versus microscopic polyangiitis), or new diagnosis (versus relapsing disease) at entry. " 03/01/2015 - "We studied the clinico-pathological differences among PR3-ANCA-positive granulomatosis with polyangiitis (PR3-GPA), MPO-ANCA-positive GPA (MPO-GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). " 02/01/2015 - "Overall, metaanalysis showed a statistically significant association between the A allele and ANCA disease in all subjects (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.26-1.64, p < 0.00001), and stratification by disease category indicated the A allele was associated with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's; GPA; OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.35-2.20, p < 0.0001) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA; OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.08-2.15, p = 0.02) as compared to controls. " 01/01/2015 - "[Microscopic polyangiitis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: clinical features]." 02/01/2014 - "There are differences between Europe and Japan in the incidence and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) serotype of patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). "
2.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1998 - "We describe a 36 year old male patient affected by microscopic polyangiitis; he was treated with corticosteroic and cyclophosphamide pulses obtaining clinical improvement and remission and acute flogistic index normalization. " 11/15/1997 - "[Cyclophosphamide bolus in microscopic polyangiitis with severe renal involvement]." 05/01/2011 - "Cyclophosphamide as induction therapy for Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis." 04/01/2009 - "Mortality rates for Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) have decreased after the introduction of cyclophosphamide. " 10/01/2007 - "Induction therapy, which should be given on an emergency basis in a specialized unit, consists of glucocorticoid therapy and cyclophosphamide in Wegener granulomatosis; microscopic polyangiitis and Churg-Strauss syndrome, without poor prognostic factors, can be managed with glucocorticoid therapy alone as the first-line treatment. "
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 05/01/2013 - "pseudobrasiliensis in a 57-yr-old woman with microscopic polyangiitis, who was treated for 3 months with corticosteroids. " 06/01/2004 - "We concluded that combined therapy of GCAP or LCAP and corticosteroids is effective for the treatment of RPGN and lung hemorrhage due to microscopic polyangiitis." 09/01/2014 - "Patients with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss) (EGPA), non-HBV polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) without Five-Factor Score (FFS=0)-defined poor-prognosis factors were included in two prospective randomized-controlled trials and were initially treated with corticosteroids (CS) alone. " 12/01/2010 - "Abstract An 81-year-old woman who had microscopic polyangiitis that was being treated with corticosteroids for 2 months was admitted to our department because of fever and clouding of consciousness. " 01/01/1999 - "We report a case of a 31-year-old man who had been treated for schizophrenia but was found to have vasculitides of the microscopic polyangiitis type and who improved on therapy with corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs. "
4.	rituximab (Mabthera)FDA Link 11/01/2013 - "Recently, rituximab was approved for severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) after the publication of two prospective randomized trials in 2010. " 08/01/2015 - "Rituximab is approved for the treatment of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. " 06/01/2015 - "Rituximab, a monoclonal antibody already approved in oncology and rheumatology, is now authorised in the European Union for induction therapy in adult patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. " 02/01/2015 - "Current therapy of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis: the role of rituximab." 11/01/2012 - "We administered rituximab, an anti-B-cell agent, to patients with severe GPA and microscopic polyangiitis. "
5.	Peroxidase (Myeloperoxidase)IBA 10/01/2013 - "AAVs in the majority of Chinese patients are microscopic polyangiitis with antigenicity to myeloperoxidase. " 09/01/2009 - "Characterization of autoreactive T-cell clones to myeloperoxidase in patients with microscopic polyangiitis and healthy individuals." 08/01/1998 - "About 80% of the sera from patients with microscopic polyangiitis result in perinuclear neutrophil fluorescence with nuclear extension (pANCA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) specificity, or a cANCA pattern with PR3 specificity. " 06/01/2011 - "A case of femoral hemorrhage in a patient with microscopic polyangiitis with low levels of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody." 05/01/2007 - "Microscopic polyangiitis belongs to the group of ANCA-associated vasculitides, and 75-80% of patients have pANCA to myeloperoxidase (MPO). "
6.	Azathioprine (Imuran)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2012 - "Azathioprine hypersensitivity presenting as cardiogenic shock and Sweet's syndrome in a patient with microscopic polyangiitis." 11/06/2014 - "The 115 enrolled patients (87 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis, 23 with microscopic polyangiitis, and 5 with renal-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis) received azathioprine (58 patients) or rituximab (57 patients). " 06/01/2015 - "In practice, in patients with severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis or microscopic polyangiitis, rituximab is as effective at 18 months as cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine; in addition, it has different and less frequent adverse effects. " 07/01/2015 - "Randomized controlled trials have shown that rituximab is non-inferior to cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine (CYC/AZA) for remission induction in severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). " 11/06/2014 - "Patients with newly diagnosed or relapsing granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, or renal-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis in complete remission after a cyclophosphamide-glucocorticoid regimen were randomly assigned to receive either 500 mg of rituximab on days 0 and 14 and at months 6, 12, and 18 after study entry or daily azathioprine until month 22. "
7.	Immunosuppressive Agents (Immunosuppressants)IBA 01/01/2011 - "Relapses in patients with microscopic polyangiitis with persistently positive antimyeloperoxidase for 4 years using maintenance immunosuppressants." 04/01/2003 - "In polyarteritis nodosa, Churg Strauss syndrome, and microscopic polyangiitis we have demonstrated that immunosuppressants should not be systematically prescribed. " 01/01/2012 - "To evaluate the efficacy compared to the relapse risk and tolerance of systematic rituximab (RTX) infusions as maintenance therapy for patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), who entered remission taking conventional immunosuppressants or RTX. " 05/01/2007 - "Patients with microscopic polyangiitis or Churg-Strauss syndrome with no poor prognostic factors can be treated with corticosteroids alone, with immunosuppressants added only in case of treatment failure. " 04/01/2003 - "In combination with antiviral agents and/or immunosuppressants plasma exchanges appear to be essential in the treatment of HBV-related polyarteritis nodosa: pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, kidney-limited or as a feature of Wegener's granulomatosis or microscopic polyangiitis; Goodpasture's syndrome, and for some complications of cryoglobulinemia. "
8.	Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG)FDA Link 11/01/1996 - "High-dose, pooled, i.v. immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a potential, alternative treatment for Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) which has shown promise in the treatment of refractory disease when administered with continuing immunosuppression. " 01/01/2008 - "To evaluate at 9 months and 24 months the safety and efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) administered for 6 months to treat relapses of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) occurring either under treatment or during the year following discontinuation of corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressants. "
9.	AutoantibodiesIBA 04/01/1997 - "Microscopic polyangiitis is strongly associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies, most often demonstrating a perinuclear immunostaining pattern. " 01/01/1996 - "In this study, the rate of remission, relapse, and treatment resistance in 107 patients with microscopic polyangiitis and necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies were assessed. " 04/01/2015 - "Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is one of the most common forms of antineutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis in children. " 01/01/2007 - "Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies are closely associated with Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis. " 03/13/1995 - "Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that this preparation could be used to detect autoantibodies in Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis. "
10.	mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2010 - "Mycophenolate mofetil for induction and maintenance of remission in microscopic polyangiitis with mild to moderate renal involvement--a prospective, open-label pilot trial." 01/01/2009 - "Interstitial lung disease as a presenting manifestation of microscopic polyangiitis successfully treated with mycophenolate mofetil." 12/01/2008 - "Successful renal transplantation in a patient with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated microscopic polyangiitis: effect of early plasma exchange and mycophenolate mofetil." 09/01/1999 - "Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance therapy of Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis: a pilot study in 11 patients with renal involvement." 01/01/2011 - "Effects of mycophenolate mofetil combined with corticosteroids for induction therapy of microscopic polyangiitis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Remission Induction 01/01/2014 - "Rituximab (RTX) demonstrated to be an alternative to CYC as remission-induction therapy for microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in two clinical controlled randomized trials. " 04/01/2014 - "Rituximab, in combination with glucocorticosteroids, is now well established as a safe and effective alternative to cyclophosphamide for remission induction for severe manifestations of granulomatosis with polyangiitis and microscopic polyangiitis. " 12/01/2012 - "Two randomized clinical trials have shown that rituximab is not inferior to cyclophosphamide for induction of remission in patients with severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) or microscopic polyangiitis. " 07/01/2015 - "Randomized controlled trials have shown that rituximab is non-inferior to cyclophosphamide followed by azathioprine (CYC/AZA) for remission induction in severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). "
2.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/2014 - "The prevalence of BKV replication in immunosuppressed patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) without transplant is not known. " 10/01/2015 - "Characteristics and Outcomes of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener) and Microscopic Polyangiitis Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy: Results From the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry." 08/01/2010 - "Renal transplant in Wegener's granulomatosis compared to microscopic polyangiitis." 05/01/2003 - "Nine patients with the diagnosis of AASV (five patients with Wegener's granulomatosis and four with microscopic polyangiitis) received eight cadaveric grafts and one live-related graft after a mean of 44 months from the start of dialysis. " 05/15/1997 - "Long-term graft survival and graft function of renal transplant recipients with SLE, Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Goodpasture's syndrome, and Henoch-Schonlein purpura were evaluated in a single center. "
3.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 06/01/2007 - "To answer some of these questions, we followed 35 transplant recipients with diagnoses of microscopic polyangiitis (20 patients) and Wegener's granulomatosis (15 patients). " 01/01/2011 - "We report 13 live births after orthotopic transplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue in cancer patients (n = 8) and in patients treated with high doses of chemotherapy for benign diseases (n = 2) (microscopic polyangiitis, sickle cell anemia). " 05/15/1997 - "Long-term graft survival and graft function of renal transplant recipients with SLE, Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Goodpasture's syndrome, and Henoch-Schonlein purpura were evaluated in a single center. " 05/15/1997 - "The clinical course after 32 transplantations to 26 patients with microscopic polyangiitis, Wegener's granulomatosis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/hemolytic uremic syndrome, or Goodpasture's disease was evaluated. " 01/01/2007 - "Among them, 2 were immunosuppressed (1 renal transplant recipient and 1 patient with microscopic polyangiitis treated by oral steroids) with stable immunosuppressive regimens during the past 6 months. "
4.	Plasma Exchange 04/01/2005 - "For Wegener's granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis plasma exchange can be considered for first-line therapy in patients with acute renal failure and/or pulmonary haemorrhage. " 01/01/2011 - "Plasma exchange in the treatment of Wegener's granulomatosis, microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss syndrome and renal limited vasculitis." 06/01/2004 - "A case of chronic relapsing ANCA-associated microscopic polyangiitis successfully treated with plasma exchange." 12/01/2008 - "Successful renal transplantation in a patient with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated microscopic polyangiitis: effect of early plasma exchange and mycophenolate mofetil." 04/01/2003 - "In combination with antiviral agents and/or immunosuppressants plasma exchanges appear to be essential in the treatment of HBV-related polyarteritis nodosa: pauci-immune glomerulonephritis, kidney-limited or as a feature of Wegener's granulomatosis or microscopic polyangiitis; Goodpasture's syndrome, and for some complications of cryoglobulinemia. "
5.	Renal Replacement Therapy (Therapies, Renal Replacement) 04/01/2011 - "A retrospective study on outcome of microscopic polyangiitis in chronic renal replacement therapy." 10/01/2015 - "Characteristics and Outcomes of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Wegener) and Microscopic Polyangiitis Requiring Renal Replacement Therapy: Results From the European Renal Association-European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry." 12/01/2008 - "We report the use of continuous renal replacement therapy and rituximab in a 13-year-old boy with P-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive microscopic polyangiitis, resulting in pulmonary hemorrhage and acute renal failure. "