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Pulmonary Aspergillosis

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Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS. Infections may result in allergic reaction (ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS), colonization in pulmonary cavities as fungus balls (MYCETOMA), or lead to invasion of the lung parenchyma (INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS).

Also Known As:

Aspergilloses, Bronchopulmonary; Aspergillosis, Bronchopulmonary; Bronchopulmonary Aspergilloses; Lung Aspergillosis; Aspergillose, Bronchopulmonary; Aspergilloses, Lung; Aspergillosis, Lung; Aspergillosis, Pulmonary; Bronchopulmonary Aspergillose; Pulmonary Aspergilloses; Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis

Networked: 491 relevant articles (48 outcomes, 28 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Respiratory Tract Diseases: 445
- Lung Diseases: 12525
  - Fungal Lung Diseases: 56
    - Pulmonary Aspergillosis: 491
      - Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis: 557
      - Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis: 440

Related Diseases

1.	Candidiasis (Moniliasis)
2.	Cryptococcosis
3.	Aspergillosis
4.	Infection
5.	Leukemia

Experts

1.	Izumikawa, Koichi: 9 articles (07/2015 - 05/2007)
2.	Denning, David W: 8 articles (07/2015 - 12/2004)
3.	Kohno, Shigeru: 7 articles (11/2012 - 05/2008)
4.	Kakeya, Hiroshi: 6 articles (11/2012 - 05/2008)
5.	Walsh, Thomas J: 6 articles (06/2009 - 01/2002)
6.	Bacher, John: 5 articles (06/2009 - 01/2002)
7.	Petraitis, Vidmantas: 5 articles (06/2009 - 01/2002)
8.	Petraitiene, Ruta: 5 articles (06/2009 - 01/2002)
9.	Chowdhary, Anuradha: 4 articles (07/2015 - 06/2006)
10.	Verweij, Paul E: 4 articles (07/2015 - 08/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pulmonary Aspergillosis:

1.	Amphotericin B (Amphotericin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1993 - "Prophylactic administration of low doses of amphotericin B as an aerosol was the most effective of the regimens tested in an animal model of pulmonary aspergillosis and was also judged to be effective in a clinical trial using historical controls. " 06/01/2008 - "The use of nebulized amphotericin, either as a prophylactic or therapeutic agent, is effective in reducing mortality of immunosuppressed animals with pulmonary aspergillosis. " 11/01/1988 - "Aerosol amphotericin B is effective for prophylaxis and therapy in a rat model of pulmonary aspergillosis." 07/01/1991 - "This study was done to evaluate combinations of amphotericin B with other agents in an animal model of pulmonary aspergillosis. " 02/01/2013 - "Thereafter, inhalation of amphotericin B was continued and no recurrence of pulmonary aspergillosis has been found. "
2.	liposomal amphotericin B FDA Link 02/01/1993 - "We conclude that liposomal amphotericin B reduces toxicity of the drug, thereby increasing the concentration of the drug in the lung by high-dose administration, but decreases the efficacy of the drug in experimental pulmonary aspergillosis." 01/01/2009 - "The in vivo efficacy of L-AMB was superior to that of VRC at the maximum recommended dose in a murine pulmonary aspergillosis model." 01/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of L-AMB and VRC in murine pulmonary aspergillosis. " 01/01/2012 - "An antifungal combination during a second HSCT with L-AmB (3 mg/kg bw/day) and CAS showed an improvement in the pulmonary aspergillosis. " 07/01/2005 - "Efficacy of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B in treatment of experimental pulmonary aspergillosis."
3.	Itraconazole (Sporanox)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2000 - "Itraconazole is effective in the therapy of pulmonary aspergillosis, particularly when an early diagnosis is made." 05/01/1995 - "[A case of pulmonary aspergillosis effectively treated with itraconazole. " 06/01/1995 - "The efficacy of a novel triazole, SCH51048, was assessed with a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis and was compared with those of SCH39304 and itraconazole. " 03/01/2002 - "Pulmonary aspergillosis appeared three months later, but improved with administration of itraconazole. " 12/01/1993 - "Efficacy of intravenous itraconazole against experimental pulmonary aspergillosis."
4.	micafungin (FK463)FDA Link 03/01/2000 - "We conclude that FK463 is highly effective in the treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis in this animal model. " 03/01/2000 - "In the pulmonary aspergillosis models induced by intranasal inoculation, FK463 exhibited good efficacy, with 50% effective doses in the range of 0. " 03/01/2000 - "Efficacy of FK463, a new lipopeptide antifungal agent, in mouse models of pulmonary aspergillosis." 08/01/2005 - "We performed a scanning and transmission electron microscopic study on the efficacy of micafungin (MCFG) to understand what kind of damage MCFG causes to Aspergillus and to confirm its previously reported in vitro killing activity against Aspergillus in a mouse model of pulmonary aspergillosis. " 11/01/2009 - "We evaluated both the short-and long-term efficacy of micafungin in patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). "
5.	voriconazole (Vfend)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2012 - "Early evidence suggests the efficacy of voriconazole for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). " 12/01/2012 - "This study evaluated the pharmacological activity of PTX3, administered in combination with voriconazole, in a rat model of pulmonary aspergillosis. " 10/01/2000 - "The first phase II study on voriconazole in the treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis has produced encouraging results. " 06/01/2015 - "Treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis with voriconazole: review of a case series." 08/01/2013 - "The patient was diagnosed with probable pulmonary aspergillosis and was treated with oral voriconazole for a total of 9 months. "
6.	Fluconazole (Zonal)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1989 - "[A clinical study of fluconazole in pulmonary aspergillosis]." 06/01/1997 - "After 8 months of therapy with intravenous and oral fluconazole, no pulmonary aspergillosis was evident. " 01/01/1989 - "4. Conclusion Fluconazole may be regarded as the promising remedy for pulmonary cryptococcosis but not for pulmonary aspergillosis." 01/01/1989 - "Fluconazole, a novel triazole antifungal agent, was given orally or intravenously to 10 patients with pulmonary mycosis (7 patients with primary pulmonary cryptococcosis and 3 with pulmonary aspergillosis). " 06/01/1999 - "The reasons for this decrease of candidiasis combined with an increase of aspergillosis or of severe mycotic infection might be that (i) nonsevere (not disseminated) infections were excluded from the case totals, since they have become controllable by antifungal drugs such as fluconazole, but (ii) the available antifungal drugs were not efficacious against severe infections such as pulmonary aspergillosis, and (iii) the number of patients living longer in an immunocompromised state had increased because of developments in chemotherapy and progress in medical care."
7.	caspofungin (Cancidas)FDA Link 06/01/2006 - "A case of pulmonary aspergillosis with lack of response to caspofungin." 11/01/2009 - "High caspofungin levels in alveolar cells of a lung transplant patient with suspected pulmonary aspergillosis." 10/01/2004 - "Refractory pulmonary aspergillosis treated with caspofungin after heart-lung transplantation." 03/01/2014 - "Cyclical caspofungin for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis in sarcoidosis." 02/01/2013 - "However, despite antifungal prophylaxis with caspofungin, the patient developed angioinvasive pulmonary aspergillosis and multiple organ failure, and he died. "
8.	Antifungal AgentsIBA 02/01/2005 - "Combination of the two antifungal agents may be effective for intractable pulmonary aspergillosis." 02/01/1997 - "Systemic or topical treatment with antifungal agents are applied for the treatment of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (fungus ball type, mural thickness type). " 12/01/1972 - "[Treatment of bronchopulmonary aspergillosis with antifungal antibiotics]." 05/18/1968 - "Antifungal agents in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis." 08/01/2014 - "Antifungal agents for secondary prophylaxis based on response to initial antifungal therapy in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with prior pulmonary aspergillosis."
9.	galactomannanIBA 01/01/2015 - "The diagnosis of invasive and noninvasive pulmonary aspergillosis by serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan assay." 11/01/2012 - "Bronchoalveolar lavage galactomannan for the diagnosis of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis." 04/01/2008 - "[Usefulness of sputum galactomannan in diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis]." 09/01/2007 - "We assessed the role of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in detecting galactomannan (GM) for diagnosing pulmonary aspergillosis in 73 nonimmunocompromised patients with pulmonary infiltrates for whom the test was ordered. " 09/01/2007 - "Use of bronchoalveolar lavage to detect galactomannan for diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis among nonimmunocompromised hosts."
10.	posaconazole FDA Link 06/01/2012 - "One patient developed a breakthrough pulmonary aspergillosis at low posaconazole concentration (0.37 mg/L). " 12/15/2010 - "Efficacy and safety of posaconazole for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis." 03/01/2001 - "The antifungal efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of posaconazole (SCH 56592) (POC) were investigated in treatment and prophylaxis of primary pulmonary aspergillosis due to Aspergillus fumigatus in persistently neutropenic rabbits. " 11/01/2014 - "We used two established neutropenic murine models of pulmonary aspergillosis and mucormycosis to explore the association between the posaconazole area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-to-MIC ratio (AUC/MIC) and treatment outcome. " 12/15/2010 - "Posaconazole for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: the next strategy against the threat of azole-resistant Aspergillus infection."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 07/01/2011 - "Aspergillus tracheobronchitis is an uncommon cause of pulmonary aspergillosis and almost exclusively affects lung transplant recipients. " 05/01/2010 - "We describe a nine-month-old boy with refractory multisystem LCH with pulmonary aspergillosis who was successfully treated with reduced-intensity cord blood transplantation." 01/01/2008 - "Multiple subcutaneous nodules leading to the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis in a renal transplant recipient." 08/01/2000 - "Pulmonary aspergillosis is a severe complication in heart transplant recipients. " 08/01/1999 - "Pulmonary aspergillosis occurs most commonly as a consequence of immunosuppression in recipients of pulmonary transplantation and is associated with a high mortality. "
2.	Injections 11/01/2011 - "We conducted a three-month open, noncomparative multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of ITCZ injections and high dose capsules in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. " 11/01/2011 - "Itraconazole injections and high dose capsules maintenance therapy is effective in treating chronic pulmonary aspergillosis." 11/01/2011 - "[An open, noncomparative multicenter study of the efficacy and safety of itraconazole injections and high dose capsules in chronic pulmonary aspergillosis]." 01/01/1971 - "[Treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis with transparietal injections of amphotericin B (apropos of 3 cases)]."
3.	Nanospheres 01/01/1999 - "Lipid nanosphere amphotericin B (NS-718) showed efficacy against pulmonary aspergillosis in rats and pulmonary cryptococcosis in mice. "
4.	Intravenous Infusions 05/01/1995 - "These findings indicate that continuous drip infusion of AMPH is one of the useful treatment for lung aspergillosis."
5.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/2014 - "The predominant HRCT findings in lung transplant patients with pulmonary aspergillosis were bilateral bronchial wall thickening and centrilobular opacities with the tree-in-bud pattern. " 01/01/2013 - "An autopsy case of pulmonary aspergillosis with fungus ball formation in an artificial aortic graft." 12/01/2008 - "Pulmonary aspergillosis in solid organ transplant patients: a report from Iran." 06/01/2008 - "Radiological and clinical findings of pulmonary aspergillosis following solid organ transplant." 01/01/2004 - "We report the case of a 47 years old woman who received a cadaveric renal graft and developed pulmonary aspergillosis with fulminant cerebral dissemination two months later. "