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Dysphonia (Spastic Dysphonia)

Difficulty and/or pain in PHONATION or speaking.

Also Known As:

Spastic Dysphonia; Hyperkinetic Dysphonia; Neurologic Adducter Spastic Dysphonia; Organic Tremor Dysphonia; Spastic Dysphonia, Neurologic Adducter; Dysphonia, Hyperkinetic; Dysphonia, Organic Tremor; Dysphonia, Spastic; Phonation Disorder; Phonation Disorders

Networked: 644 relevant articles (60 outcomes, 80 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Dystonia (Limb Dystonia)
2.	Tremor (Tremors)
3.	Torticollis (Wryneck)
4.	Spasm (Spasms)
5.	Nervous System Diseases (Neurological Disorders)

Experts

1.	Roy, Nelson: 9 articles (06/2010 - 02/2005)
2.	Smith, Marshall E: 7 articles (01/2015 - 02/2005)
3.	Blitzer, Andrew: 6 articles (08/2015 - 06/2003)
4.	Sanuki, Tetsuji: 6 articles (09/2014 - 12/2007)
5.	Sataloff, Robert T: 6 articles (07/2014 - 04/2003)
6.	Cannito, Michael P: 6 articles (11/2012 - 06/2002)
7.	Johns, Michael M: 5 articles (12/2014 - 09/2005)
8.	Murry, Thomas: 5 articles (11/2012 - 10/2002)
9.	Berke, Gerald S: 5 articles (09/2012 - 04/2003)
10.	Hapner, Edie R: 5 articles (06/2010 - 09/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Dysphonia:

1.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 06/01/1999 - "Botulinum toxin has been demonstrated clinically to be an effective treatment for a variety of laryngeal problems, most notably spasmodic dysphonia. " 01/01/2008 - "Based on the quality of evidence scale used, botulinum toxin can be considered an effective treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia." 09/01/2004 - "Injection of botulinum toxin (BT) into the muscles of the larynx is an effective treatment for the symptoms of spasmodic dysphonia (SD). " 03/01/2002 - "Botulinum toxin has been used effectively to treat spasmodic dysphonia. " 06/01/1996 - "Botulinum toxin injection is an effective treatment for spasmodic dysphonia. "
2.	onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox)FDA Link 04/01/2004 - "This study demonstrates the efficacy of Botox for treating patients with adductory spasmodic dysphonia and further illustrates the usefulness and validity of the V-RQOL Measure in evaluating patients with dysphonia." 12/01/1996 - "The second study compared two aspects of vocal tract configuration in patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia before and following treatment with Botox injection. " 06/01/2013 - "To assess the effect on voice improvement and duration of breathiness based on initial dose of onabotulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in the management of adductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) and to compare voice outcomes for initial bilaterally injected doses of 1.25 units (group A) vs 2.5 units (group B) of BTX-A. " 05/01/2012 - "A comparison of the VHI, VHI-10, and V-RQOL for measuring the effect of botox therapy in adductor spasmodic dysphonia." 03/01/2010 - "To determine the effectiveness of Botox treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD), the clinician and patient judge changes in voice symptoms and the effect on quality of life. "
3.	Polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon)FDA Link 06/01/1985 - "Such difficulties in patients who have paralytic dysphonia may also make it impossible to effect improved vocal cord closure by the usual techniques of Teflon injection. " 04/01/1998 - "In certain cases in which formation of granulomatous reaction to the Teflon occurs, patients may have significant dysphonia or airway compromise. " 07/01/1995 - "We conclude that dysphonia, secondary to Teflon injection, can be either from overinjection of Teflon or inappropriate injection, or from the proliferative granulomatous response of the larynx to the Teflon. " 07/01/1995 - "In our practice, we have seen increasing numbers of patients who had developed dysphonia related to Teflon injection. " 10/01/1991 - "Injection techniques for the rehabilitation of paralytic dysphonia (e.g., Teflon) remain popular in the United States. "
4.	rimabotulinumtoxinB FDA Link 09/01/2004 - "This single-site, open-label, dose-finding study evaluated the safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type B (BoNT-B; Myobloc) for the treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia (AdSD) in 13 patients. " 09/01/2004 - "Safety and efficacy of botulinum toxin type B (Myobloc) in adductor spasmodic dysphonia." 02/01/2005 - "[The dosage of botulinum toxin type B in adductor type spasmodic dysphonia]." 09/01/2002 - "Botulinum toxin type B for treatment of spasmodic dysphonia: a case report." 09/01/2002 - "Botulinum toxin type B (BTXB) has been found to be safe and effective in the treatment of cervical dystonia, but it has not been used previously to treat spasmodic dysphonia. "
5.	CollagenIBA 03/01/2008 - "As an outpatient office procedure, collagen injection offers a simple, efficient and effective treatment for dysphonia. " 01/01/1986 - "Postoperatively, all of our patients showed improved dysphonia without secondary effects occurring from the collagen. " 08/01/2008 - "Findings of collagen disarrangement were categorized semiquantitatively and correlated with RE severity, age, cigarette smoking and duration of dysphonia. " 06/01/2007 - "Collagen injection for Parkinson-related dysphonia is an effective temporary method of subjectively improving voice and speech in selected patients. " 09/01/2004 - "Two patients in whom collagen was injected formed firm submucosal deposits that interrupted the normal mucosal wave and produced significant dysphonia. "
6.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum A Toxin)FDA Link 01/01/1993 - "To assess the efficacy of bilateral or unilateral botulinum treatments for spasmodic dysphonia we injected botulinum toxin (type A) into the thyroarytenoid muscle of 24 patients with adductor type spasmodic dysphonia. " 07/01/2014 - "The study involved a retrospective analysis and audit of botulinum toxin type A dose titration in spasmodic dysphonia patients who visited our voice clinic between January 2005 and January 2012. " 07/01/2014 - "This study aimed to evaluate the demographics of spasmodic dysphonia in the Indian population and to analyse the optimum dose titration of botulinum toxin type A in this group. " 06/01/2003 - "This study examined botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia patients who had previously undergone recurrent laryngeal nerve section that failed to control symptoms. " 06/01/2002 - "Over the years many studies have been conducted to document the treatment effects of Botulinum toxin type A in adductor spasmodic dysphonia. "
7.	Laryngeal papillomatosisIBA 09/01/2015 - "[Early infantile dysphonia as an alert symptom of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis]." 07/01/1999 - "However, a pH study does not seem as beneficial for recurrent otitis, dysphonia, or laryngeal papillomatosis." 01/01/2002 - "Laryngeal papillomatosis, due to type 6 and 11 papova-virus A, causes devastating lesions leading to difficult clinical situations (severe dysphonia, or laryngeal dyspnea). " 07/01/1999 - "Patients with otitis, dysphonia and laryngeal papillomatosis had GER in 1%, 14%, and 25%, respectively. " 03/01/2008 - "Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (RLP), a chronic disease associated with human papilloma virus (HPV), requires serial surgical procedures for debulking, resulting in debilitating long-term dysphonia, laryngeal scarring, and rarely malignant degeneration. "
8.	Levodopa (L Dopa)FDA LinkGeneric 06/16/1973 - "Blind evaluations of transient attacks of dysphonia revealed an association between episodes of neurological deterioration and exceptionally high plasma concentrations of levodopa shortly after ingestion. " 01/01/1976 - "Two sporadic cases of striato-nigral degeneration were characterized by the onset at the age of 61 of an akinetic-hypertonic syndrome and of a minimal or absent rest tremor, with a pyramidal syndrome, sphincter disorders, dysphonia, difficulty in swallowing and an unfavorable development in the space of two or three years not affected by L-Dopa. " 03/01/2013 - "From the therapeutic perspective, magnetic stimulation applied repetitively has been found useful, with different degrees of efficacy, in treating resistant depression, tinnitus, psychogenic dysphonia, Alzheimer disease, autism, Parkinson disease, dystonia, stroke, epilepsy, generalized anxiety as well as post traumatic stress disorder, auditory hallucinations, chronic pain, aphasias, obsessive-compulsive disorders, L-dopa induced dyskynesia, mania and Rasmussen syndrome, among others. " 08/01/2009 - "The study also describes a number of supplementary features including restless-legs-like symptoms, influence of female sex hormones, predominance of tremor or parkinsonism in adult-onset cases, initial reverse reaction to levodopa, recurrent episodes of depressive disorder and specific levodopa-resistant symptoms (writer's cramp, dysphonia, truncal dystonia). "
9.	Calcium Carbonate (Limestone)FDA Link 06/01/2011 - "The bivariate analysis showed statistically significant associations between vocal disorders and age above 40 years (PR = 1.83; 95% CI; 1.27-2.64), family history of dysphonia (PR = 1.72; 95% CI; 1.06-2.80), over 20 hours of weekly working hours (PR = 1.66; 95% CI; 1.09-2.52) and presence of chalk dust in the classroom (PR = 1.70; 95% CI; 1.14-2.53). " 06/01/2011 - "The study concluded that teachers, 40 years old and over, with a family history of dysphonia, working over 20 hours weekly, and teaching in classrooms with chalk dust are more likely to develop voice disorders than others."
10.	Budesonide (Pulmicort)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2011 - "A short-term investigation of dysphonia in asthmatic patients using inhaled budesonide." 05/01/2000 - "Comparison of Pulmicort pMDI plus Nebuhaler and Pulmicort Turbuhaler in asthmatic patients with dysphonia." 07/01/2011 - "Dysphonia gradually improved under Budesonide aerosols. " 12/01/2013 - "In the subgroup analysis of ICS usage, posterior pharyngeal candidiasis was correlated with the presence of dysphonia but was not independently associated with fluticasone or budesonide dosage. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Injections 07/01/2013 - "Transient dysphonia occurs in 12% of patients receiving corticosteroid injections. " 01/01/2013 - "We report our case about a 34 years-old male, evaluating differential diagnosis course, choosing the correct therapy in relation with literature cases, and including new techniques for post-operative outcomes, such as injectable soft-tissue bulking agent performed in the last years to ameliorate dysphonia after nerve trunk injury." 03/01/2008 - "Patients receiving stable-dose botulinum injections for adductor spasmodic dysphonia were invited to participate. " 01/01/2008 - "We present our experience with 153 injections in 14 patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia over a 10-year period. " 07/01/2005 - "To report on the incidence of dysphonia and/or associated throat symptoms after steroid injections in the axial skeleton. "
2.	Speech Therapy (Therapy, Speech) 04/01/2012 - "These results confirm that in subjects with dysfunctional dysphonia, the greater proprioceptive awareness acquired through speech therapy permits improvement in postural performance. " 03/01/2010 - "Subjective evaluation of the long-term efficacy of speech therapy on dysfunctional dysphonia." 03/01/2015 - "The study comprised patients of both genders, attending the Clinic School of Speech Therapy of the Federal University of Paraíba, with otorhinolaryngological diagnosis of vocal fold immobility and speech therapy diagnosis of dysphonia. " 11/01/2013 - "Additional inclusion criteria were the diagnosis of chronic behavioral dysphonia with an indication for speech therapy and the absence of any prior speech therapy. " 09/01/2013 - "Relationship between adherence to speech therapy in patients with dysphonia and quality of life."
3.	Laryngoplasty 07/01/2000 - "With the improved glottic vibration, thyroplasty type I provides more efficient phonation in patients with glottic incompetence dysphonia." 02/01/2000 - "Although a longer follow-up is needed, this case indicates that midline type II thyroplasty could be a useful treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia." 07/01/2015 - "Of 12 children treated by thyroplasty (5 studies), 2 experienced resolution of dysphonia, 4 had some improvement, and 4 had no improvement (2 patients had undocumented outcomes). " 07/01/2015 - "Surgical treatments for adductor spasmodic dysphonia include bilateral thyroarytenoid muscle myectomy (TAM) and type II thyroplasty (TPII), both of which are commonly performed. " 07/01/2015 - "The Comparison of Thyroarytenoid Muscle Myectomy and Type II Thyroplasty for Spasmodic Dysphonia."
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 10/01/2001 - "After treatment, all symptoms and endoscopic abnormalities improved significantly except for intermittent dysphonia and laryngeal mucosal redness. " 05/01/2013 - "Although assessment was necessarily subjective, our study indicated that vocal folds showed decreased stiffness and improved mucosal wave properties after treatment, resulting in improved vibration and dysphonia. " 06/01/1990 - "After treatment, dysphonia had improved in all of these fifteen patients, and aspiration had disappeared in thirteen patients. " 11/01/2014 - "After treatment, all levels of dysphonia were lowered in 85% (85/100) of adult patients and 29% (29/100) had a normal voice. " 05/01/2010 - "For the remaining pre-/post-treatment voice samples, a significant difference in the correlation dimension (D(2)) between the pre- versus post-treatment voice samples was observed; however, D(2) was poorly correlated with changes in perceived dysphonia severity ratings after treatment (r=0.244, P=0.056). "
5.	Thyroidectomy 08/01/2011 - "The present research confirms that the attempt to identify and protect the superior laryngeal nerve is essential to prevent post-thyroidectomy dysphonia, but this is not sufficient to obtain the best results because of the existence of muscular and psychogenic factors that reduce the still voice capacity of the patient." 08/01/2011 - "Post-thyroidectomy dysphonia in patients with bilateral resection of the superior laryngeal nerve: a comparative spectrographic study." 02/01/2010 - "The main purpose of this study was to determine the impact of thyroidectomy on the subjective and objective vocal quality using the Dysphonia Severity Index. " 06/01/2008 - "Re: prospective trial of voice outcomes after thyroidectomy: evaluation of patient-reported and clinician-determined voice assessments in identifying post-thyroidectomy dysphonia." 06/01/2008 - "Prospective trial of voice outcomes after thyroidectomy: evaluation of patient-reported and clinician-determined voice assessments in identifying postthyroidectomy dysphonia."