Chronic Periodontitis

Chronic inflammation and loss of PERIODONTIUM that is associated with the amount of DENTAL PLAQUE or DENTAL CALCULUS present. Chronic periodontitis occurs mostly in adults and was called adult periodontitis, but this disease can appear in young people.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2145 relevant articles (149 outcomes, 680 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Periodontal Pocket (Periodontal Pockets)
2.	Periodontitis
3.	Infection
4.	Aggressive Periodontitis (Periodontosis)
5.	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MODY)

Experts

1.	Pradeep, A R: 43 articles (07/2015 - 12/2000)
2.	Sorsa, Timo: 22 articles (01/2016 - 01/2002)
3.	Atilla, Gül: 21 articles (07/2014 - 01/2002)
4.	Naik, Savitha B: 19 articles (08/2015 - 01/2012)
5.	Faveri, Marcelo: 18 articles (01/2015 - 11/2006)
6.	Feres, Magda: 18 articles (01/2015 - 06/2002)
7.	Emingil, Gülnur: 18 articles (12/2012 - 09/2002)
8.	Buduneli, Nurcan: 16 articles (01/2015 - 01/2002)
9.	Figueiredo, Luciene Cristina: 15 articles (05/2015 - 07/2005)
10.	Duarte, Poliana Mendes: 14 articles (05/2015 - 08/2009)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Chronic Periodontitis:

1.	Metronidazole (Metric)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2000 - "It is concluded that systemic metronidazole therapy can be effective in refractory adult periodontitis. " 07/01/2012 - "The present study developed an experimental metronidazole-based gel and evaluated its efficacy for the adjuvant treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 06/01/2014 - "Treatment of chronic periodontitis may be improved by the adjunctive use of systemic metronidazole." 10/01/1992 - "This report presents the findings from an open randomized multicentre clinical trial designed to compare the clinical efficacy of scaling with application of 3 different preparations/dose frequencies of topical metronidazole in the treatment of adult periodontitis. " 10/01/2012 - "Evaluation of metronidazole nanofibers in patients with chronic periodontitis: A clinical study."
2.	ChlorhexidineIBA 10/01/2015 - "Clinical and antimicrobial efficacy of a controlled-release device containing chlorhexidine in the treatment of chronic periodontitis." 04/01/2013 - "Comparison of the efficacy of chlorhexidine varnish and chip in the treatment of chronic periodontitis." 02/01/2011 - "  To evaluate the efficacy of a 2-week administration of a 0.1% chlorhexidine mouthwash in the short-term treatment of chronic periodontitis patients and the impact of this product when administered twice by pocket irrigation. " 06/01/2014 - "Chlorhexidine chip in the treatment of chronic periodontitis - a clinical study." 08/01/2013 - "In this study--a preliminary case series with small sample size and short follow-up--the adjunctive use of chlorhexidine (CHX) to SRP resulted in clinical and microbiological benefits in the treatment for generalized chronic periodontitis. "
3.	Tetracycline (Achromycin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1991 - "The findings support those of our previous investigation and confirm that: 1) early identified lesions of LJP can be effectively treated with 6 weeks of tetracycline therapy alone; 2) decreases in pocket depth, gains in clinical attachment, and repair of alveolar defects remain stable up to 4 years following antibiotic therapy; 3) clinical and radiographic improvement continues over time and may lead to complete resolution of some lesions; and 4) the reparative/regenerative potential of the periodontium in early onset disease in young individuals may exceed that observed in chronic adult periodontitis." 06/01/2003 - "Meta-analysis was used to assess the clinical efficacy of local delivery of tetracycline alone or as an adjunct to conventional mechanical therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis. " 08/01/1995 - "The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of controlled-release tetracycline fiber therapy in adult periodontitis patients. " 09/01/2014 - "Effect of tetracycline HCl in the treatment of chronic periodontitis - A clinical study." 11/01/1996 - "A study was conducted in 13 patients with moderate to severe adult periodontitis to evaluate the amount of tetracycline HCl released during therapy (based on residual drug content). "
4.	Doxycycline (Vibramycin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1998 - "The objectives of the studies presented here were to assess the safety and efficacy of the adjunctive administration of sub-antimicrobial-dose doxycycline (SDD) for the treatment of adult periodontitis and to confirm the optimal dosing regimen. " 02/01/2001 - "The purpose of the present study was to identify clinically effective dosing regimens using subantimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) as an adjunctive therapy in patients with adult periodontitis. " 02/01/2013 - "Efficacy of subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline against nitrosative stress in chronic periodontitis." 11/01/1998 - "Safety and efficacy of sub-antimicrobial-dose doxycycline therapy in patients with adult periodontitis." 03/01/2011 - "The present randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm study examines the impact of adjunctive subantimicrobial-dose doxycycline (SDD) on the local inflammatory response through cytokine and chemokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from patients with chronic periodontitis. "
5.	Minocycline (Cyclops)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2006 - "Treatment with SRP plus locally delivered minocycline is more effective than SRP alone in male smokers with chronic periodontitis. " 01/01/2015 - "To evaluate the respective or combinatory efficacy of locally delivered 2% minocycline (MO), and scaling and root planning (SRP) by assessing both clinical parameters and the loads of four main periodontal pathogens in treating chronic periodontitis (CP). " 08/01/1996 - "The objectives of the present study were to establish in a long-term investigation the safety as well as the clinical and microbiological efficacy of scaling and rootplaning combined with local application of 2% minocycline hydrochloride-gel versus placebo-gel in patients with moderate to severe chronic adult periodontitis. " 02/01/2006 - "To evaluate the efficacy of minocycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planning (SRP) in treating chronic periodontitis. " 02/01/2005 - "Efficacy of subgingivally applied minocycline in the treatment of chronic periodontitis."
6.	xanthan gum (xanthan)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2013 - "Subgingival injection of xanthan-based Chlosite(®) gel adjunct with scaling and root planing appeared to cause significant improvement compared with scaling and root planing alone in persons with chronic periodontitis." 07/01/2013 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of locally delivered xanthan-based Chlosite(®) gel as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 07/01/2012 - "The results suggest that the application of xanthan based chlorhexidine gel following SRP in the maintenance phase might be beneficial in treatment of the chronic periodontitis in comparison to SRP alone. " 03/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel versus herbal extracts' gel as an adjunct to periodontal therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 03/01/2014 - "Comparative evaluation of subgingivally delivered xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel and herbal extract gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis."
7.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 06/01/2008 - "In addition, the combination of systemic antibiotics and a strict control of supragingival plaque during the active phase of therapy has been showing promising results in the treatment of chronic periodontitis." 10/01/2008 - "The adjunctive application of antibiotics improved the treatment outcome in subjects with severe chronic periodontitis. " 01/01/2012 - "The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of systemic antibiotics in the management of aggressive and chronic periodontitis. " 08/01/1993 - "Clinical studies do not support the use of systemically-administered antibiotics in routine adult periodontitis. " 10/01/2015 - "This article discusses the rationale for prescribing adjunctive antibiotics, reviews the evidence for their effectiveness, and outlines practical issues that should be considered before prescribing antibiotics to treat chronic periodontitis. "
8.	CollagenIBA 01/01/2003 - ": Twenty-eight patients suffering from chronic periodontitis, and each of whom displayed one intrabony defect, were randomly treated with BDX + collagen membrane (test) or with access flap surgery (control). " 06/01/1992 - "Chronic periodontitis results in the destruction of the collagen fibre attachment to cementum, apical migration of the epithelial attachment, contamination of the exposed root surface by plaque and loss of alveolar bone. " 02/01/1980 - "Thus, in post-juvenile and adult periodontitis lesions, collagen and residual tissue made up around 50% of the infiltrate. " 01/01/1980 - "Gingival matrix collagen in chronic periodontitis." 09/01/2013 - "Ten systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients having a paired osseous defect in the mandibular posterior teeth were selected and randomly assigned to receive a collagen membrane (test) or open flap debridement (control) in a split mouth design. "
9.	Azithromycin (Zithromax)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2012 - "This study examines the efficacy of azithromycin in combination with non-surgical periodontal therapy on clinical and microbiologic parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) levels over 6 months in patients with severe generalized chronic periodontitis (CP). " 11/01/1996 - "We investigated the microbiological efficacy of azithromycin as an adjunct to the non-surgical treatment of adult chronic periodontitis; its clinical efficacy is dealt with in a separate paper. " 11/01/2008 - "The present study was undertaken to investigate the clinical and microbiologic effectiveness of azithromycin (AZM) at 0.5% concentration in an indigenously prepared bioabsorbable controlled-release gel as an adjunct to non-surgical mechanical therapy in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 01/01/2014 - "One hundred and five (105) patients with diabetes and chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: subgingival mechanical therapy with azithromycin, subgingival mechanical therapy with placebo and supragingival prophylaxis with azithromycin. " 04/01/2013 - "The developed azithromycin smart gel system is a novel approach for the treatment of chronic periodontitis since it reduces the dose and side effects, bypasses the usual surgical procedures and improves patient compliance."
10.	doxycycline hyclate (Periostat)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2011 - "Therapeutic Efficacy of Subgingivally Delivered Doxycycline Hyclate as an Adjunct to Non-surgical Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis." 02/01/1997 - "The design and conduct of a 9-month multi-center clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of subgingivally delivered 5% sanguinarium chloride (SC) and 10% doxycycline hyclate (DH) from a biodegradable drug delivery system in the treatment of adult periodontitis is described. " 02/01/1997 - "The results of this study indicate that 10% doxycycline hyclate delivered in a biodegradable delivery system is an effective means of reducing the clinical signs of adult periodontitis and exhibits a benign safety profile." 11/01/2004 - "A total of 41 patients with moderate chronic periodontitis who received SRP were randomly allocated to receive either a doxycycline hyclate or a placebo 2 weeks after SRP. " 07/01/1999 - "This article addresses the role of Periostat in the treatment of adult periodontitis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Root Planing 09/01/2012 - "Scaling and root planing (SRP) is the gold standard treatment for most patients with chronic periodontitis. " 01/01/1989 - "Scaling and root planing followed by regular professional plaque removal are effective in arresting the progress of most chronic adult periodontitis. " 01/01/2010 - "The comparison of the efficacy of surgical and nonsurgical procedures revealed that scaling and root planing alone or in combination with flap procedures are effective methods for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 02/01/2013 - "The present study aims to explore the efficacy of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% MF gel as a local drug delivery system in adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis. " 10/01/2012 - "The purpose of the present study is to explore the efficacy of 1% ALN gel as a local drug delivery system in adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of intrabony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) with type 2 diabetes (DM) compared to a placebo gel. "
2.	Debridement 05/01/2015 - "Adjunct local antimicrobials provide statistically significant benefits over subgingival debridement alone in patients with chronic periodontitis." 06/01/2015 - "The current study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of open-flap debridement (OFD) combined with PRF, 1% MF gel, and PRF + 1% MF gel in the treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs) in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). " 03/01/2013 - "To update the existing scientific evidence on the efficacy of local antimicrobials as adjuncts to subgingival debridement in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. " 10/01/2008 - "In patients with chronic periodontitis, clinical outcomes of conventional subgingival debridement can be improved by adjunctive aPDT." 01/01/2002 - "A systematic review of efficacy of machine-driven and manual subgingival debridement in the treatment of chronic periodontitis."
3.	Dental Scaling 04/01/2000 - "For the treatment of mild to moderate adult periodontitis, subgingival scaling alone is as effective as the combination of scaling and antibiotic therapy." 01/01/1998 - "For the treatment of mild-to-moderate adult periodontitis, subgingival scaling alone is as effective as the combination of scaling and antibiotic therapy." 07/01/1995 - "The present study was designed to provide a longitudinal evaluation of the effect of initial periodontal therapy (home care instruction, prophylaxis, and scaling/root planing) on salivary PAF levels in chronic adult periodontitis patients (n = 15). " 05/01/2012 - "Scaling root planing (SRP) has been proven efficacious as the traditional treatment approach for chronic periodontitis. " 03/01/2004 - "Twenty-three non-smoking adults with chronic periodontitis received subgingival scaling for 60 minutes. "
4.	Solid-State Lasers 07/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of nonsurgical periodontal treatment with and without Nd:YAG laser (NDL) applications in smoking and nonsmoking patients with moderate chronic periodontitis (CP). " 11/01/2014 - "In patients with chronic periodontitis, clinical outcomes of conventional periodontal treatment can be improved by using an adjunctive KTP laser." 05/01/2012 - "Efficacy of Er:YAG laser in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis." 11/01/2014 - "Twenty-four patients with untreated chronic periodontitis were treated using a split-mouth study design in which each side was randomly treated by SRP alone (control group) or KTP laser (0.8W, time on 50 ms, time off 50 ms, 30 s, 532 nm) followed by SRP (test group). " 06/01/2014 - "The results of the present study suggest that the Er:YAG laser possesses comparable with conventional treatment bactericidal effectiveness against periodontal pathogens in vivo in the initial treatment of moderate chronic periodontitis. "
5.	Oral Hygiene (Dental Hygiene) 06/01/2005 - "No evidence that improved personal oral hygiene prevents or controls chronic periodontitis." 09/01/1985 - "8 subjects exhibiting signs of chronic periodontitis were chosen for the study, each subject having at least one pocket greater than 6 mm. These subjects were placed on a plaque control programme consisting of 3 visits, during which oral hygiene instructions were given. " 01/01/2014 - "Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy verses oral hygiene instructions on type 2 diabetes subjects with chronic periodontitis: a randomised clinical trial." 01/01/2014 - "The most common cause of chronic periodontitis is poor oral hygiene. " 01/01/2013 - "Poor oral hygiene in patients with severe chronic periodontitis diminished the beneficial effects of treatment."