Tracheobronchomalacia

A congenital or acquired condition of underdeveloped or degeneration of CARTILAGE in the TRACHEA and the BRONCHI. This results in a floppy non-rigid airway making patency difficult to maintain.

Also Known As:

Networked: 158 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 6 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Vocal Cord Paralysis
2.	Respiratory Insufficiency (Respiratory Failure)
3.	Airway Obstruction (Choking)
4.	Intrinsic Positive-Pressure Respiration
5.	Critical Illness (Critically Ill)

Experts

1.	Majid, Adnan: 7 articles (11/2022 - 08/2007)
2.	Gangadharan, Sidhu P: 4 articles (11/2022 - 06/2014)
3.	Folch, Erik: 4 articles (01/2016 - 06/2014)
4.	Feller-Kopman, David: 4 articles (11/2012 - 08/2007)
5.	Dupont, Pierre E: 3 articles (01/2022 - 01/2020)
6.	Kaza, Aditya K: 3 articles (01/2022 - 01/2020)
7.	Mondal, Abhijit: 3 articles (01/2022 - 01/2020)
8.	Green, Glenn E: 3 articles (09/2021 - 01/2019)
9.	Ernst, Armin: 3 articles (07/2014 - 08/2007)
10.	Jennings, Russell W: 2 articles (10/2022 - 01/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Tracheobronchomalacia:

1.	Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link 07/01/2014 - "Dynamic flexible bronchoscopy is the "gold standard" for assessing changes in airway luminal size associated with tracheobronchomalacia, but the procedure has not been adequately validated. " 09/01/2018 - "Tracheobronchomalacia has been diagnosed using radiography or bronchoscopy to confirm bronchial changes in luminal diameter during the respiratory cycle. " 12/01/2013 - "He received ICU care for 30 days, and now, he was on supportive care on a ward, considering Y stent insertion to prevent luminal collapse from tracheobronchomalacia. " 08/01/2014 - "General anesthesia was successfully performed in an 86-year-old woman with severe tracheobronchomalacia Tracheobronchomalacia in adult is a very rare disease, characterized by weakness of the trachea and bronchi, causing luminal narrowing during expiration. "
2.	Sevoflurane (Ultane)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/2005 - "Sedation using sevoflurane may be helpful in maintaining airway patency in the pediatric patient with tracheobronchomalacia." 02/01/2005 - "[Severe airway obstruction relieved by sedation using sevoflurane in a pediatric patient with tracheobronchomalacia]."
3.	Bethanechol (Duvoid)FDA LinkGeneric 10/17/2023 - "This study aimed to examine if bethanechol improves a standardized pulmonary severity score (PSS) in infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia with a diagnosis of tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). " 10/17/2023 - "The effect of bethanechol on tracheobronchomalacia in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a retrospective cohort study." 01/01/2019 - "Common interventions included initiation of antibiotics (37%) and treatment of tracheobronchomalacia with bethanechol (22.2%), atrovent (18.5%), and PEEP titration (18.5%). "
4.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2020 - "The aim of this study was to assess any association between use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). " 01/01/2020 - "Association Between Inhaled Corticosteroids and Tracheobronchomalacia."
5.	SiliconesIBA 03/07/2021 - "[Silicone stent insertion for treating tracheobronchomalacia in an infant]." 11/01/2018 - "Patient-specific, 3-dimensionally engineered silicone Y-stents in tracheobronchomalacia: Clinical experience with a novel type of airway stent." 02/01/2018 - "Airway stabilization for severe, symptomatic tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) may be accomplished by silicone Y-stent placement. " 02/17/2016 - "Is silicone stent insertion a clinically useful option for tracheobronchomalacia?" 10/01/2008 - "Central airway stabilization with silicone stents can improve respiratory symptoms in patients with severe symptomatic tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) but is associated with a relatively high rate of complications. "
6.	Anesthetics (Anesthetic Agents)IBA 08/01/2014 - "[Anesthetic management of an adult patient with tracheobronchomalacia]." 01/01/2008 - "We performed anesthetic management for a patient with severe Williams-Campbell syndrome, which is a congenital deficiency of cartilage in the subsegmental bronchial tree. " 04/01/1992 - "Endoscopic and anesthetic techniques are presented for use in children with respiratory distress suggestive of tracheobronchomalacia. " 01/01/2008 - "Anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with severe Williams-Campbell syndrome undergoing surgery for giant ovarian tumor." 02/01/2022 - "This educational review will focus on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, surgical approaches, and anesthetic management of congenital anomalies of the large intrathoracic airways: congenital tracheal stenosis, tracheal agenesis, tracheal diverticulum, bronchial anomalies (tracheal, esophageal, or bridging bronchus), congenital lung malformations, lung sequestrations and Scimitar syndrome, lobar emphysema, Williams-Campbell syndrome, and pleuropulmonary blastoma. "
7.	tributyl phosphate (TBP)IBA 02/01/2023 - "Robotic tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) is a new surgical approach to treat tracheobronchomalacia (TBM), and is based on open TBP, which has undergone various technical iterations since the 1950s. " 01/01/2022 - "Tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) consists of splinting of the posterior membranous wall of the central airways with the goal of restoring a normal configuration and preventing excessive collapse in patients with tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). " 01/01/2019 - "Long-term follow-up is needed to demonstrate the durability of R-TBP and substantiate its role in the management of patients with symptomatic, severe tracheobronchomalacia." 01/01/2019 - "We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients with clinical suspicion for tracheobronchomalacia who had dynamic computed tomography scan and subsequent R-TBP from May 2016 to December 2017. " 01/01/2019 - "Open tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) is an accepted surgical option for management of severe tracheobronchomalacia. "
8.	Polypropylenes (Polypropylene)IBA 04/01/2021 - "Severe tracheobronchomalacia was diagnosed with dynamic bronchoscopy, and surgical tracheobronchoplasty using a polypropylene mesh was performed. " 01/01/2016 - "We have developed a new technique to secure a polypropylene splint to the posterior membrane of the cervical trachea in a patient with diffuse, acquired tracheobronchomalacia. "
9.	Mustard Gas (Sulfur Mustard)IBA 02/01/2006 - "Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and air trapping are often observed in high-resolution computerized tomography (HRCT) scans of the chest of mustard gas-exposed patients. " 02/01/2006 - "Tracheobronchomalacia and air trapping after mustard gas exposure." 01/01/2018 - "As mustard gas exposure leads to chronic airway inflammation, it seems that tracheobronchomalacia, because of chronic inflammation and weakness of the supporting cartilage, is an important factor in the development of chronic and refractory respiratory symptoms. "
10.	MetalsIBA 04/20/2020 - "Due to the adynamic tracheobronchomalacia despite of enzymatic treatment (ERT) in our MPSII patient, a life-saving tracheal bifurcated type-Y endoprosthesis (a self-expanding, metal stent for the prosthesis of tracheal and bronchial stenosis) was implanted. " 11/01/1994 - "To develop a new prosthesis for treating tracheal stenosis and tracheobronchomalacia, we examined the usefulness of an intratracheal stent made of shape memory alloy (SMA), a titanium-nickel alloy composed of 50% of each metal. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Positive-Pressure Respiration (Positive End-Expiratory Pressure) 12/01/2016 - "Infants born prematurely and requiring high pre-tracheobronchogram positive end-expiratory pressure were likely to have tracheobronchomalacia. " 12/01/2016 - "Prematurity (P=0.01) and higher baseline - pre-tracheobronchogram positive end-expiratory pressure (P=0.04) were significantly associated with tracheobronchomalacia. " 12/01/2016 - "Dynamic airway assessment during tracheobronchography determined the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure to maintain airway patency at expiration in those infants with tracheobronchomalacia. " 04/01/2021 - "The expiratory collapse of the central airways due to tracheobronchomalacia was suspected, requiring tracheostomy with persistent positive pressure ventilation. " 01/01/2020 - "The goal was to develop a pediatric airway stent for treating tracheobronchomalacia that could be used as an alternative to positive pressure ventilation. "
2.	Continuous Positive Airway Pressure 01/01/2016 - "Trial of Portable Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for the Management of Tracheobronchomalacia." 10/22/2021 - "Bilevel positive airway pressure in tracheobronchomalacia." 08/14/2020 - "The use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been reported as a potential therapeutic option for tracheobronchomalacia, but no prospective studies have demonstrated its efficacy in this condition. " 11/01/1994 - "Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been used in the treatment of infants with tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). " 06/01/1994 - "Management of severe congenital tracheobronchomalacia by continuous positive airway pressure and tidal breathing flow-volume loop analysis."
3.	Tracheostomy 10/01/2022 - "One patient had severe tracheobronchomalacia requiring tracheostomy, with improvement in his airway after eventual tracheobronchopexies, highlighting that magnamosis does not address comorbidities often associated with this patient population. " 02/01/2020 - "Potential risk factors for subsequent tracheostomy were investigated, and only the association of tracheobronchomalacia was close to significance (OR 16 (95% CI 0.95-267.03), p = 0.05). " 10/01/2019 - "Development of a persistent TCF was associated with younger age at placement, longer duration of tracheostomy, and the presence of tracheobronchomalacia. " 10/01/2019 - "Compared to those with spontaneous closure by multivariable analysis, those with surgical closure were younger at tracheostomy placement (p = 0.0002), had a tracheostomy for a longer duration (p = 0.0025), and were diagnosed with tracheobronchomalacia (p = 0.0051). " 02/01/2005 - "The patient was diagnosed as tracheobronchomalacia as a result of intraoperative flexible bronchoscopy performed through tracheostomy tube, revealing significant narrowing of both the trachea and mainstem bronchus lumens. "
4.	Splints (Splint) 06/01/2023 - "External airway splint placement for severe pediatric tracheobronchomalacia." 09/01/2021 - "Effective moduli were used to predict the mechanical behavior of splints used for emergency repair of severe tracheobronchomalacia. " 01/01/2021 - "This article discusses the details of our institution's development and use of 3D-printed, patient-specific, bioresorbable splints for treatment of severe tracheobronchomalacia in the pediatric population." 01/01/2021 - "At the time of our last review of our data, 29 splints had been implanted in 15 children with intrathoracic tracheobronchomalacia. " 01/01/2019 - "3D-printed, externally-implanted, bioresorbable airway splints for severe tracheobronchomalacia."
5.	Stents 01/01/2023 - "Stents inserted and removal for stent trials for tracheobronchomalacia were excluded from the final analysis. " 01/01/2019 - "This small study shows that biodegradable airway stents seem to be an attractive option in the treatment of tracheobronchomalacia in children. " 08/14/2023 - "Discussion to: A novel ex vivo tracheobronchomalacia model for airway stent testing and in vivo model refinement." 01/01/2023 - "Stent testing enabled the selection of stent design parameters such that airway collapse associated with moderate and severe tracheobronchomalacia could be reduced to conform to, but not exceed, that of intact tracheas (12-mm pitch, 0.6-mm wire diameter). " 01/01/2023 - "We sought to develop an ex vivo trachea model capable of producing mild, moderate, and severe tracheobronchomalacia for optimizing airway stent design. "