Orbital Cellulitis

Inflammation of the loose connective tissues around the ORBIT, bony structure around the eyeball. It is characterized by PAIN; EDEMA of the CONJUNCTIVA; swelling of the EYELIDS; EXOPHTHALMOS; limited eye movement; and loss of vision.

Also Known As:

Networked: 124 relevant articles (5 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Abscess
2.	Infection
3.	Dacryocystitis (Dacryoadenitis)
4.	Retinoblastoma (Glioblastoma, Retinal)
5.	Inflammation

Experts

1.	Le, Tran D: 2 articles (06/2015 - 06/2014)
2.	Buncic, J Raymond: 2 articles (06/2015 - 06/2014)
3.	Blaser, Susan: 2 articles (06/2015 - 06/2014)
4.	Liu, Eugene S: 2 articles (06/2015 - 06/2014)
5.	Adatia, Feisal A: 2 articles (06/2015 - 06/2014)
6.	Arat, Yonca O: 2 articles (01/2012 - 02/2007)
7.	Al-Rashed, Waleed: 2 articles (01/2012 - 02/2007)
8.	Chaudhry, Imtiaz A: 2 articles (01/2012 - 02/2007)
9.	Selva, Dinesh: 2 articles (11/2006 - 11/2005)
10.	Durairaj, Vikram D: 1 article (09/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Orbital Cellulitis:

1.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2015 - "He was treated with intravenous antibiotics, and the left orbital cellulitis quickly improved. " 06/01/2014 - "Of 101 cases of orbital cellulitis, 71 (mean age, 7.1 ± 4.0) were successfully managed with systemic antibiotics alone; 30 patients (mean age, 7.2 ± 4.3) required surgical intervention. " 06/01/2013 - "A provisional diagnosis of orbital cellulitis was made and intravenous antibiotics started. " 01/01/2013 - "Orbital cellulitis was suspected according to orbital computed tomography scan images, but there was no response to systemic antibiotics. " 01/01/2012 - "In the era prior to antibiotics, vision loss from orbital cellulitis was a dreaded complication. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 07/01/2013 - "To evaluate the role of oral corticosteroids as an anti-inflammatory adjunct in the treatment of orbital cellulitis. " 07/01/2013 - "Role of oral corticosteroids in orbital cellulitis." 09/01/2005 - "The use of intravenous corticosteroids does not appear to adversely affect clinical outcomes and may be beneficial in the treatment of pediatric orbital cellulitis with subperiosteal abscess. " 09/01/2005 - "Review of our data suggests that a prospective, randomized trial is warranted to further clarify the role of corticosteroids in the acute management of pediatric orbital cellulitis with subperiosteal abscess." 09/01/2005 - "To determine the effect of intravenous corticosteroids in the acute management of pediatric orbital cellulitis with subperiosteal abscess. "
3.	SulbactamFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2015 - "Cefoperazone sulbactam and Sulbactam Sodium for injection is effective in treating pediatric orbital cellulitis." 05/01/2008 - "Preseptal and orbital cellulitis: 15-year experience with sulbactam ampicillin treatment."
4.	Clindamycin (Cleocin)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2009 - "Empirical oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin combination may be as safe and effective as i.v. therapy in the management of orbital cellulitis. " 03/01/2009 - "Oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin have a similar bioavailability to the i.v. preparations and provide an appropriate spectrum of antibiotic cover for the pathogens responsible for orbital cellulitis. " 03/01/2009 - "We report 4 years of experience using primary oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin in cases of orbital cellulitis. "
5.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2009 - "Empirical oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin combination may be as safe and effective as i.v. therapy in the management of orbital cellulitis. " 03/01/2009 - "Oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin have a similar bioavailability to the i.v. preparations and provide an appropriate spectrum of antibiotic cover for the pathogens responsible for orbital cellulitis. " 03/01/2009 - "We report 4 years of experience using primary oral ciprofloxacin and clindamycin in cases of orbital cellulitis. "
6.	Cefoperazone (Cefoperazone Sodium)FDA Link 01/01/2015 - "Cefoperazone sulbactam and Sulbactam Sodium for injection is effective in treating pediatric orbital cellulitis."
7.	SteroidsIBA 09/01/2015 - "Our results give further evidence of the safety and benefit of systemic steroids in children with orbital cellulitis. " 12/01/2010 - "After history, blood tests, radiologic testing, and ruling out other emergent etiologies, such as orbital cellulitis, the patient was placed on oral steroids. " 01/01/2000 - "Of all 137 operations in these 71 patients, three patients had a sterile orbital cellulitis postoperatively successfully treated with steroids. " 01/01/2011 - "In patients with a clinical picture of OID simulating an orbital cellulitis, the recent drug history should be considered as a possible aetiology, and treatment with steroids with or without a biopsy should be considered after an infection has been excluded." 06/01/2013 - "To study the effectiveness of pre-enucleation steroids in reducing inflammation in patients with retinoblastoma presenting as orbital cellulitis. "
8.	Prednisone (Sone)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2015 - "Futhermore, this is the first study to suggest a standardized starting point (CRP ≤ 4 mg/dl) and dosing schedule (oral prednisone 1 mg/kg for 7 days) for children with orbital cellulitis. "
9.	Apolipoproteins C (ApoC)IBA 02/01/2015 - "A retrospective monocentric study was conducted between 2000 and 2011 with children hospitalized for acute pediatric orbital cellulitis (APOC). "
10.	infliximab (Remicade)FDA Link 04/01/2006 - "A 42-year-old man developed severe unilateral orbital cellulitis while receiving infliximab (Remicade, Centocor) treatment for Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) as part of the open-label phase of a trial conducted at our tertiary referral center. " 04/01/2006 - "Orbital cellulitis in a patient receiving infliximab for Ankylosing spondylitis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Blepharoplasty 12/01/2010 - "Successful management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus orbital cellulitis after blepharoplasty." 09/01/2006 - "Successful management of orbital cellulitis and temporary visual loss after blepharoplasty." 08/01/1985 - "Because acute dacryocystitis and resulting orbital cellulitis are potential postoperative complications of a blepharoplasty, blepharoplasty candidates should undergo preoperative evaluation of their nasolacrimal drainage systems." 08/01/1985 - "The authors report what they believe to be the first case of a blepharoplasty procedure complicated by an acute postoperative dacryocystitis that precipitated orbital cellulitis. " 08/01/1985 - "Orbital cellulitis secondary to dacryocystitis following blepharoplasty."
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 12/01/1998 - "Orbital cellulitis following chemotherapy for retinoblastoma." 11/01/1994 - "We treated a 30-year-old man undergoing induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia, who had fever of unknown origin and periorbital swelling suggestive of orbital cellulitis. " 02/01/1954 - " the advent of chemotherapy and the antibiotics, rarely does orbital cellulitis develop from sinal infection. " 08/01/1998 - "In order of frequency the causes were; orbital cellulitis 22, thyroid eye disease 8, optic nerve +/- optic chiasm glioma 8, orbital rhabdomyosarcoma 7, metastatic neuroblastoma 4, orbital neurofibroma 3, orbital haemangioma 2, metastatic Ewing's sarcoma 2 and orbital dermoid cyst 1. Treatment depended on the cause (antibiotics, antithyroid drugs, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery) and was multidisciplinary. "
3.	Cataract Extraction 03/01/2007 - "Three patients (42.8%) were being managed for orbital cellulitis, 2 patients (28.6%) had malignant tumours and the remaining 2 patients (28.6%) had cataract extraction. " 08/01/1992 - "We treated a patient who had orbital cellulitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis three weeks after uncomplicated cataract extraction and lens implantation. " 08/01/1992 - "Orbital cellulitis and cavernous sinus thrombosis after cataract extraction and lens implantation." 01/01/1988 - "A case of orbital cellulitis caused by mucormycosis developed in a patient subsequent to cataract extraction and during systemic steroid treatment for postoperative complications. "
4.	Scleral Buckling 03/01/2011 - "The patient concerned contracted orbital cellulitis many years after scleral buckling because the cerclage was infected. " 08/01/1997 - "In two of the 3 eyes scleral buckling occurred, and orbital cellulitis occurred in one eye. "
5.	Radiotherapy 01/01/2008 - "We report the case of 38 year-old man who developed orbital cellulitis and endophthalmitis after extracapsular extraction and posterior chamber implant placement for cataract secondary to radiotherapy. " 08/01/1998 - "In order of frequency the causes were; orbital cellulitis 22, thyroid eye disease 8, optic nerve +/- optic chiasm glioma 8, orbital rhabdomyosarcoma 7, metastatic neuroblastoma 4, orbital neurofibroma 3, orbital haemangioma 2, metastatic Ewing's sarcoma 2 and orbital dermoid cyst 1. Treatment depended on the cause (antibiotics, antithyroid drugs, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery) and was multidisciplinary. "