Calcium-Independent Phospholipases A2

A subcategory of structurally-related phospholipases A2 that do not require calcium for activity.

Also Known As:

Phospholipases A2, Calcium-Independent; CaI-PLA(2); Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2; Calcium-Independent Phospholipase A2-2; iPLA(2); Calcium Independent Phospholipase A2; Calcium Independent Phospholipase A2 2; Phospholipase A2, Calcium-Independent; Phospholipase A2-2, Calcium-Independent; Phospholipases A2, Calcium Independent

Networked: 129 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes: 1
- Enzymes: 152586
  - Hydrolases: 2166
    - Esterases: 1574
      - Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases: 62
        Phospholipases: 2589
        Phospholipases A: 58
        Phospholipases A2: 2075
        Calcium-Independent Phospholipases A2: 129
        Peroxiredoxin VI: 125
        Group VI Phospholipases A2: 4
        human PLAAT3 protein
        human PNPLA3 protein
        mouse Plaat3 protein
        mouse PNPLA3 protein
        rat Plaat3 protein
        rat PNPLA3 protein

Experts

1.	Turk, John: 24 articles (09/2012 - 04/2002)
2.	Ramanadham, Sasanka: 14 articles (12/2012 - 04/2002)
3.	Bao, Shunzhong: 14 articles (02/2012 - 12/2003)
4.	Song, Haowei: 12 articles (02/2012 - 12/2003)
5.	Zhang, Sheng: 11 articles (12/2012 - 04/2002)
6.	McHowat, Jane: 10 articles (08/2017 - 11/2002)
7.	Wohltmann, Mary: 8 articles (09/2012 - 07/2006)
8.	Bohrer, Alan: 7 articles (12/2012 - 02/2004)
9.	Gross, Richard W: 7 articles (11/2010 - 06/2003)
10.	Mancuso, David J: 7 articles (11/2010 - 06/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Psychosis) 09/01/2008 - "Thus, AA turnover and brain expression of AA-selective cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)), but not DHA turnover or expression of DHA-selective Ca(2+)-independent iPLA(2), are reduced in rats given agents effective against bipolar disorder mania, whereas experimental excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation selectively increase brain AA metabolism. " 12/01/2008 - "Thus, AA turnover in brain phospholipids was reduced, and AA-selective cytosolic cPLA(2) or acyl-CoA synthetase, as well as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, were downregulated in brains of rats given drugs effective against bipolar disorder, whereas DHA turnover and expression of DHA-selective calcium-independent iPLA(2) were unchanged. "
2.	Obesity 07/01/2010 - "Interestingly, iPLA(2)beta was expressed only at low levels in islet beta-cells from obesity- and diabetes-prone db/db mice. " 01/01/2023 - "Interestingly, while β-cell-specific deletion of iPLA 2 β reduces cAMP-mediated amplification of GSIS, the loss of iPLA 2 β in macrophages (MØ) confers protection against the development of glucose intolerance associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO). " 01/01/2023 - "In this article, we discuss canonical (glucose and cAMP) and novel noncanonical (iPLA 2 β and C1ql3) pathways and how they may affect β-cell (dys)function in the context of impaired glucose intolerance associated with obesity and T2D. " 08/30/2005 - "Recently, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL, also called desnutrin and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 [iPLA(2)] zeta) was isolated as a novel adipose-expressed triglyceride lipase which is downregulated in obesity and may contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. "
3.	Insulin Resistance 01/20/2017 - "Conclusion: There is a significant increase in the expression of iPLA(2) in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and iPLA2 inhibitor can reduce hepatocyte lipoapoptosis and improve insulin resistance. " 01/20/2017 - "Objective: To investigate the effect of calcium-independent phospholipase A(2) (iPLA(2)) inhibitor in reducing hepatocyte lipoapoptosis and improving insulin resistance. " 01/20/2017 - "Compared with group II, group III had a lower level of hepatocyte apoptosis, a significant reduction in apoptotic index (39.69%±4.96% vs 24.80%±2.53%, P < 0.05), significant reductions in serum iPLA(2) concentration (3.28±0.14 ng/ml vs 2.64±0.24 ng/ml, P < 0.05) and the mRNA expression of iPLA(2) in the liver (7.68±0.49 vs 2.60±0.36, P < 0.05), significant reductions in fasting insulin (1.29±0.52 mmol/L vs 0.80±0.09 mmol/L, P < 0.05) and fasting blood glucose (6.94±0.65 mmol/L vs 5.18±0.35 mmol/L, P < 0.05), and a significant increase in insulin sensitivity index (0.27±0.11 vs 0.45±0.09, P < 0.05). " 11/19/2010 - "Here, we demonstrate that mice null for calcium-independent phospholipase A(2)γ (iPLA(2)γ(-/-)) are completely resistant to high fat diet-induced weight gain, adipocyte hypertrophy, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance, which occur in iPLA(2)γ(+/+) mice after high fat feeding. " 08/30/2005 - "Recently, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL, also called desnutrin and calcium-independent phospholipase A2 [iPLA(2)] zeta) was isolated as a novel adipose-expressed triglyceride lipase which is downregulated in obesity and may contribute to obesity-associated metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. "
4.	Glucose Intolerance 06/01/2010 - "Mice deficient in Group VIA PLA(2) (iPLA(2)beta) develop more severe glucose intolerance than wild-type (WT) mice in response to dietary stress. " 01/01/2023 - "Interestingly, while β-cell-specific deletion of iPLA 2 β reduces cAMP-mediated amplification of GSIS, the loss of iPLA 2 β in macrophages (MØ) confers protection against the development of glucose intolerance associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO). " 01/01/2023 - "In this article, we discuss canonical (glucose and cAMP) and novel noncanonical (iPLA 2 β and C1ql3) pathways and how they may affect β-cell (dys)function in the context of impaired glucose intolerance associated with obesity and T2D. "
5.	Neuroinflammatory Diseases 09/01/2008 - "Thus, AA turnover and brain expression of AA-selective cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)), but not DHA turnover or expression of DHA-selective Ca(2+)-independent iPLA(2), are reduced in rats given agents effective against bipolar disorder mania, whereas experimental excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation selectively increase brain AA metabolism. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Phospholipases (Phospholipase)
2.	Phospholipids (Phosphatides)
3.	Calcium
4.	Insulin (Novolin)
5.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)
6.	Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases (Cyclooxygenase)
7.	Coenzyme A Ligases (Acid-Thiol Ligases)
8.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)
9.	6- (bromomethylene)tetrahydro- 3- (1- naphthaleneyl)- 2H- pyran- 2- one
10.	Phospholipases A2 (Phospholipase A2)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Ligation
3.	Intraperitoneal Injections