Pyonephrosis

Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. It is often associated with renal obstruction and can lead to total or nearly total loss of renal function.

Also Known As:

Networked: 131 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hydronephrosis
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Tuberculosis (Tuberculoses)
4.	Pyelonephritis
5.	Calculi (Calculus)

Experts

1.	Yamamoto, Shingo: 2 articles (08/2012 - 02/2005)
2.	Skali, K: 2 articles (06/2003 - 11/2001)
3.	Benlemlih, A: 2 articles (06/2003 - 11/2001)
4.	el Mrini, M: 2 articles (06/2003 - 11/2001)
5.	Benjelloun, S: 2 articles (06/2003 - 11/2001)
6.	Yip, S K H: 2 articles (07/2002 - 01/2002)
7.	Tan, B S: 2 articles (07/2002 - 01/2002)
8.	Sim, L S J: 2 articles (07/2002 - 01/2002)
9.	Ng, C K: 2 articles (07/2002 - 01/2002)
10.	Lakrissa, A: 2 articles (04/2001 - 12/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pyonephrosis:

1.	Pregnenolone Carbonitrile (PCN)IBA 07/01/2002 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) drainage for the interim management of pyonephrosis. " 05/01/2006 - "We conclude that PCN can be effectively performed under ultrasound guidance and should be the initial procedure in acutely obstructed kidneys with pyonephrosis and poor renal function. " 07/01/2002 - "Ninety-two consecutive patients [29 men, 63 women; mean age, 57 years; range, 23 to 88] who underwent PCN for the treatment of pyonephrosis from 1996 to 1999 were evaluated retrospectively. " 10/01/1993 - "For all the foregoing reasons, PCN guided by an imaging technique is currently the most effective initial treatment of pyonephrosis." 03/01/2012 - "In 1 (2.7%) patient, PCN was performed because of persistent renal colic, fever, and pyonephrosis. "
2.	CreatinineIBA 04/01/2015 - "Indications for invasive treatment were clinical deterioration, progressive renal dilation, pyonephrosis, rising creatinine levels and persistence of CB. " 01/01/1984 - "Percutaneous nephrostomy is recommended when the patient presents with severely elevated plasma creatinine, pyonephrosis or urosepsis." 06/01/2015 - "Complications include fever (T > 38.3 °C) in 34 cases (8.2%), bleeding requiring transfusion 19 cases (4.6%), UTI nine cases (2%), sepsis one case (0.2%), perinephric collection three cases (0.7%), hydro/pneumothorax two cases (0.4%), access failure in five morbidly obese cases (1.2%), pyonephrosis two cases (0.4%), myocardial infarction four cases (1%), transient increasing of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Scr.) in four normal functioning kidney (1%) and eight uremic cases (1.9%), and two cases resulted in death (0.4%). "
3.	tebufenozide (Mimic)IBA 11/01/2001 - "Ectopic ureterocele with pyonephrosis: a potential mimic of acute pyelonephritis on renal cortical scintigraphy." 12/01/1982 - "An advanced degree of pyonephrosis with thick inspissated pus sometimes may mimic the ultrasonic appearance of a renal neoplasm." 10/01/2008 - "Nevertheless, rare cases of renal adenocarcinoma and other primary renal tumors have been rarely reported to mimic pyonephrosis, renal abscess, perinephric abscess or tuberculosis. "
4.	Fluconazole (Zonal)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1996 - "The paper presents one case of pyonephrosis by Toruplosis glabrata in a female patient treated with fluconazole who later underwent nephrectomy. " 01/01/2006 - "We report a case of obstructive pyonephrosis due to an azole (fluconazole and itraconazole) resistant Candida glabrata strain that failed to respond to intravenous treatment with caspofungin. "
5.	C-Reactive ProteinIBA 07/01/1994 - "for C-reactive protein and 100 mm. per hour for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, the diagnostic accuracy of detecting infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis increased to 97%, with a specificity of 89% and sensitivity of 100%. " 07/01/1994 - "The role of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the diagnosis of infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis." 05/01/1999 - "Where there is clinical suspicion of complications proven risk factors, persistent fever and/or continuing pathological inflammation parameters (elevated C-reactive protein levels in serum)-ultrasonography is the primary imaging technique for the exclusion of pyonephrosis, as well as for other complicating factors such as calculi, etc. In cases of insufficient response to antibiotic therapy, we recommend performing a renal computed tomography scan with contrast medium, in order to rule out hypoenhancing zones as hints for severe tissue alterations. " 07/01/1994 - "Based on our experience, we believe that the serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels can be used as screening tests to distinguish pyonephrosis and infected hydronephrosis from simple, uncomplicated hydronephrosis." 07/01/1994 - "Serum C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were prospectively evaluated in 38 patients with dilated pyelocaliceal systems in an attempt to distinguish simple hydronephrosis from infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis. "
6.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2011 - "We present a case of complex, ruptured pyonephrosis causing a psoas collection, which in turn presented clinically as an apparent right "incarcerated inguinal hernia." The patient was successfully treated with antibiotics and ultrasound-guided drainage of the abscess. " 01/01/2001 - "Since ultrasound scan showed no features of pyonephrosis or perinephric abscess, he was prescribed a prolonged course of antibiotics for infection presumed to arise from the site of metal implant in spine. "
7.	tranilast (N 5')IBA 05/01/2008 - "Patients comprised four men and two women with either pyelonephritis (n = 5; complicated by prostatitis in one patient) or pyonephrosis (n = 1). " 06/01/2001 - "The preoperative sonographic diagnoses were pyonephrosis (n = 14, 52%), renal pelvic tumor with possible associated infection (n = 5, 19%), renal parenchymal mass (n = 2, 7%), hydronephrosis (n = 2, 7%), and chronic pyelonephritis with renal atrophy (n = 4, 15%). "
8.	XanthineIBA 01/01/2014 - "The cause of the acute abdomen was a pyonephrosis of the left kidney, caused by four xanthine stones, which had blocked the ureter. " 01/01/2014 - "[Pyonephrosis due to xanthine stones in a bitch treated with allopurinol]."
9.	Citric Acid (Citrate)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1981 - "Fast Diagnosis (6h) of clinically silent pyonephrosis by combined use of 99mTc-MDP and 67Ga citrate."
10.	Itraconazole (Sporanox)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2006 - "We report a case of obstructive pyonephrosis due to an azole (fluconazole and itraconazole) resistant Candida glabrata strain that failed to respond to intravenous treatment with caspofungin. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 01/15/2015 - "All patients with obstructive pyonephrosis were treated with a ureteral stent. " 01/15/2015 - "To describe the technical aspects and clinical outcome of endoscopic- and fluoroscopic-guided ureteropelvic lavage and ureteral stent placement for treatment of obstructive pyonephrosis in dogs. " 09/01/1999 - "Stents or nephrostomy tubes were only used in the 4 patients who presented with pyonephrosis. " 03/01/1999 - "The disadvantages of high flexible endoureteral stents (DJ) in case of tumorinduced extrinsic ureteral compression are due to an insufficient vertical stability of the used stents leading to stent-compression and consecutive hydro- or pyonephrosis. " 08/01/1984 - "An indwelling ureteral stent was successfully used to relieve an obstructive uropathy with secondary fungal pyonephrosis caused by Torulopsis glabrata."
2.	Ureterostomy 05/01/1978 - "Both children had severe pyonephrosis and after the conditions improved with medical treatment cutaneous ureterostomies were done. "
3.	Nephrectomy 10/01/2015 - "Our findings suggest that presence of pyonephrosis as identified on preoperative imaging and a BMI of less than 25 Kg/m(2) are the most significant factors predicting intraoperative difficulty during laparoscopic simple nephrectomy." 10/01/2015 - "In multivariate analysis presence of pyonephrosis on preoperative evaluation and BMI < 25kg/m(2) were found to be statistically significant factors predicting intraoperative difficulty during laparoscopic simple nephrectomy. " 01/01/2011 - "Laparoscopic nephrectomy for pyonephrosis during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature." 04/01/2007 - "The Authors report a recently observed case which developed 10 years after ipsilateral nephrectomy for pyonephrosis, reviewing the pertinent literature. " 01/01/2007 - "Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy can be accomplished successfully and safely in the majority of patients with pyonephrosis and may be considered as the primary treatment. "
4.	Decompression 07/01/1986 - "The procedures enabled differentiation between obstructed and nonobstructed dilated systems with pressure-flow studies, depiction of the intimate anatomy of complicated urologic abnormalities, temporary drainage, decompression of pyonephrosis, endourologic access, and collection of urine for cultures after ureterosigmoidostomy. " 02/01/2010 - "It has been accepted that the management of infected hydronephrosis secondary to ureteric stones is through prompt decompression of the collecting system. " 09/01/2005 - "Despite rapid decompression of the upper urinary tract, some patients show signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or septic shock syndrome when infected hydronephrosis is diagnosed. " 02/01/2010 - "A PubMed and Medline search was performed of all English-language articles from 1960 using key words "sepsis," "urosepsis," "obstruction," "obstructive pyelonephritis," "pyonephrosis," "infection and hydronephrosis" "decompression," "stent," "nephrostomy," and "management." The Cochrane database and National Institute for Clinical Effectiveness guidelines were searched using the terms "sepsis," "urosepsis," "stent," "nephrostomy," or "obstruction." Scottish intercollegiate guidelines were reviewed and no relevant guidance was identified. "
5.	Catheters 05/01/2015 - "Pyonephrosis secondary to bladder catheter misplaced in the pelvic ureter." 12/01/2000 - "The reasons for the diversion via nephrostomy catheter were oligoanuria (43 cases), pyonephrosis (34 cases), and evaluation of renal function (four cases). " 10/01/1983 - "A series of 70 pyonephrotic kidneys drained by percutaneous nephrostomy tube was examined to evaluate the contribution of radiologic imaging to the diagnosis of pyonephrosis and to assess the diagnostic and therapeutic role of drainage by percutaneous nephrostomy catheter. " 10/01/2004 - "Twelve patients with pyonephrosis due to calculus obstruction were treated using endoscopic manipulation such as ureteroscopy, pneumatic lithotripsy and indwelling double J catheter. "