Pyonephrosis

Distention of KIDNEY with the presence of PUS and suppurative destruction of the renal parenchyma. It is often associated with renal obstruction and can lead to total or nearly total loss of renal function.

Also Known As:

Networked: 220 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 10 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hydronephrosis
2.	Calculi (Calculus)
3.	Infections
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Sepsis (Septicemia)

Experts

1.	Kato, Seiichi: 2 articles (10/2021 - 11/2015)
2.	Uno, Masahiro: 2 articles (10/2021 - 11/2015)
3.	Chen, Zhiqiang: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
4.	Liu, Hailang: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
5.	Peng, Ejun: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
6.	Tang, Kun: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
7.	Wang, Xinguang: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
8.	Xia, Ding: 2 articles (03/2021 - 01/2020)
9.	Modi, Pranjal: 2 articles (01/2021 - 01/2007)
10.	Chen, Liang: 2 articles (12/2020 - 08/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pyonephrosis:

1.	Pregnenolone Carbonitrile (PCN)IBA 07/01/2002 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) drainage for the interim management of pyonephrosis. " 04/01/2020 - "He was misdiagnosed with calculous pyonephrosis and underwent percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) at a local hospital. " 03/01/2020 - "This article will address the clinical presentation of pyonephrosis, and will discuss the indications, technique, complications, and outcomes of emergent PCN placement. " 12/01/2016 - "PCN is an important treatment for the management of pyonephrosis. " 05/01/2006 - "We conclude that PCN can be effectively performed under ultrasound guidance and should be the initial procedure in acutely obstructed kidneys with pyonephrosis and poor renal function. "
2.	CreatinineIBA 01/01/1984 - "Percutaneous nephrostomy is recommended when the patient presents with severely elevated plasma creatinine, pyonephrosis or urosepsis." 04/01/2015 - "Indications for invasive treatment were clinical deterioration, progressive renal dilation, pyonephrosis, rising creatinine levels and persistence of CB. " 01/01/2016 - "The selection criteria for this intervention were patient's preference, failure of other treatments and stone up to 1.5 cm. Patients with creatinine more than 2, pyonephrosis sepsis, bilateral impacted pelviureteric junction calculi were excluded from study. " 01/01/2022 - "Cases were defined as cats with either of the following: (1) ureteral obstruction (ureteroliths: 13/18; unknown: 5/18) confirmed with pyelography; or (2) a creatinine concentration >140 µmol/l with both UO (ureteroliths: 6/10; blood clots: 3/10; pyonephrosis: 1/10) and pyelectasia ⩾5 mm on abdominal ultra sonography. " 01/01/2020 - "Compared to the non-pyonephrosis group, patients in the pyonephrosis group showed statistical differences in sex, urinary tract infection (UTI) within 3 months, stone density, computerized tomography (CT) value of hydronephrosis, serum creatinine, hydronephrosis, contralateral kidney severe hydronephrosis or atrophy, preoperative white blood cells, neutrophils, serum C-reactive protein, urine leukocyte, nitrite, and urine culture revealed statistical difference (P<0.05). "
3.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 10/01/1963 - "[INTRAPYELIC CONTINUOUS ANTIBIOTIC PERFUSION FOR THE TREATMENT OF PERSISTENT PYONEPHROSIS]." 05/01/2020 - "A ureteral stent was placed surgically to relieve the obstruction and pyonephrosis was treated with antibiotics. " 08/01/1999 - "From 1977 to 1996, under the direct supervision of the senior author of this report (E.K.L.), at seven hospital sites, 315 patients (181 males, 134 females; 17 to 88 years of age) were treated with percutaneous nephrostomy and antibiotic therapy for infected hydronephrosis. " 01/01/2023 - "2 patients had complications (urinary infection requiring intravenous antibiotics, and pyonephrosis requiring re-pyeloplasty). " 04/01/2021 - "This is the case of a 5-month-old infant with POM and pyonephrosis requiring nephrostomy and intravenous antibiotic therapy. "
4.	C-Reactive ProteinIBA 07/01/1994 - "for C-reactive protein and 100 mm. per hour for erythrocyte sedimentation rate, the diagnostic accuracy of detecting infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis increased to 97%, with a specificity of 89% and sensitivity of 100%. " 07/01/1994 - "The role of C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the diagnosis of infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis." 07/01/1994 - "Based on our experience, we believe that the serum C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels can be used as screening tests to distinguish pyonephrosis and infected hydronephrosis from simple, uncomplicated hydronephrosis." 07/01/1994 - "Serum C-reactive protein levels and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were prospectively evaluated in 38 patients with dilated pyelocaliceal systems in an attempt to distinguish simple hydronephrosis from infected hydronephrosis and pyonephrosis. " 05/01/1999 - "Where there is clinical suspicion of complications proven risk factors, persistent fever and/or continuing pathological inflammation parameters (elevated C-reactive protein levels in serum)-ultrasonography is the primary imaging technique for the exclusion of pyonephrosis, as well as for other complicating factors such as calculi, etc. In cases of insufficient response to antibiotic therapy, we recommend performing a renal computed tomography scan with contrast medium, in order to rule out hypoenhancing zones as hints for severe tissue alterations. "
5.	XanthineIBA 03/01/1976 - "Xanthinuria and xanthine calculous pyonephrosis." 01/01/2014 - "The cause of the acute abdomen was a pyonephrosis of the left kidney, caused by four xanthine stones, which had blocked the ureter. " 01/01/2014 - "[Pyonephrosis due to xanthine stones in a bitch treated with allopurinol]."
6.	Fluconazole (Zonal)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1996 - "The paper presents one case of pyonephrosis by Toruplosis glabrata in a female patient treated with fluconazole who later underwent nephrectomy. " 08/08/2006 - "We report a case of obstructive pyonephrosis due to an azole (fluconazole and itraconazole) resistant Candida glabrata strain that failed to respond to intravenous treatment with caspofungin. "
7.	SteroidsIBA 12/01/2017 - "Patients are at increased risk for pyonephrosis when they haven anatomic urinary tract obstruction, certain chronic diseases (diabetes meliitus and AIDS), or are immunosuppressed due to immunodeficiency or medications, (chronic steroid therapy)." 01/01/2014 - "Immunosuppression from medications (steroids), diseases (diabetes mellitus, AIDS), and anatomic variations (pelvic kidney, horseshoe kidney) may also be risk factors for pyonephrosis. "
8.	SolutionsIBA 11/01/2001 - "The percutaneous nephrostomy constitutes a saving, effective and temporary solution in the strategy of the coverage of obstructive anuria and pyonephrosis." 09/01/2020 - "PCN is a safe, effective transient solution in neonates with pyonephrosis or when surgery of obstructed urinary system has to be postponed. "
9.	MetalsIBA 08/01/2007 - "In two patients the kidney had to be removed because of progressive malfunction and in two patients the metal stent had to be extracted with the Holmium: YAG laser, burning it down due to the uncontrollable pyonephrosis. " 01/01/2001 - "Since ultrasound scan showed no features of pyonephrosis or perinephric abscess, he was prescribed a prolonged course of antibiotics for infection presumed to arise from the site of metal implant in spine. "
10.	IsotopesIBA 02/01/1994 - "Detection of pyonephrosis using dual isotope imaging technique." 06/01/2016 - "Nephrectomy should be considered only in patients with nil or <5% uptake on isotope imaging with associated (a) no parenchyma on imaging or on exploration, (b) pyonephrosis, (c) hypertension or (d) minimal urine output on percutaneous nephrostomy."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 10/01/2021 - "[A Case of Pyonephrosis Due to Urethral Stent Forgotten for 4 Years]." 01/15/2015 - "All patients with obstructive pyonephrosis were treated with a ureteral stent. " 01/15/2015 - "To describe the technical aspects and clinical outcome of endoscopic- and fluoroscopic-guided ureteropelvic lavage and ureteral stent placement for treatment of obstructive pyonephrosis in dogs. " 03/01/1999 - "The disadvantages of high flexible endoureteral stents (DJ) in case of tumorinduced extrinsic ureteral compression are due to an insufficient vertical stability of the used stents leading to stent-compression and consecutive hydro- or pyonephrosis. " 08/01/1984 - "An indwelling ureteral stent was successfully used to relieve an obstructive uropathy with secondary fungal pyonephrosis caused by Torulopsis glabrata."
2.	Nephroureterectomy 08/01/1987 - "After her general condition improved, right nephroureterectomy was performed under the diagnosis of right pyonephrosis on June 8, 1983. " 09/01/2007 - "Percutaneous nephrostomy penetrating the major psoas muscle was carried out for intractable pyonephrosis, followed by left nephroureterectomy and lithectomy. " 09/01/1999 - "Therefore, right nephroureterectomy was performed for right pyonephrosis. " 08/01/2020 - "Detailed examinations suggested left-side pyonephrosis due to urothelial cancer, and left-side total nephroureterectomy was performed. " 01/01/1994 - "If hydronephrosis, pyonephrosis or renal damage is present, nephroureterectomy may be required."
3.	Ureterostomy 05/01/1978 - "Both children had severe pyonephrosis and after the conditions improved with medical treatment cutaneous ureterostomies were done. " 04/01/2016 - "In Group 1, a significantly higher proportion (P = 0.04) of patients (5/15) had to undergo repeat procedures for complications, compared with none in Group 2. In Group 1, there were two redo reimplants for recurrent obstructions; two nephrectomies for non-functioning kidneys; and one ureterostomy for pyonephrosis. "
4.	Nephrotomy 08/01/2018 - "The study also demonstrates that the absence of a SIRS in a patient with urinary tract obstruction correlates well with a negative urine culture result from the nephrostomy specimen which has a high negative predictive value for excluding pyonephrosis." 04/01/2018 - "Based on the findings of our study, history of pyonephrosis and presence of nephrostomy are the most significant factors predicting difficulty during LRSN." 09/01/2022 - "Based on history taking, physical examination, radiology examinations, and percutaneous nephrotomy, we concluded a diagnosis of pyonephrosis causing by Streptococcus agalactiae as known as Group B Streptococcus. " 04/23/2018 - "Once diagnosis of pyonephrosis was established on the basis of clinical picture and US as well as laboratory tests results, nephrostomy tube was placed percutaneously. " 04/01/2018 - "History of pyonephrosis and presence of nephrostomy tube were the only two statistically significant factors associated with difficult cases (Group II). "
5.	Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy 01/01/2020 - "Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy with a Novel Vacuum-assisted Access Sheath for obstructive calculous pyonephrosis ：A Randomized Study." 03/07/2022 - "In recent years, the safety and effectiveness of one-stage percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of calculous pyonephrosis have been proven. " 03/07/2022 - "One-stage tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy for asymptomatic calculous pyonephrosis." 01/01/2020 - "To investigate the safety and efficacy of Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) combined with Vacuum-assisted Access Sheath in the treatment of obstructive calculous pyonephrosis. " 10/15/2019 - "[Clinical analysis of 28 cases of calculous pyonephrosis undergoing B-ultrasound-guided renal puncture and drainage followed by secondary percutaneous nephrolithotomy]."