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Nitrate Reductase

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An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate. It is a cytochrome protein that contains IRON and MOLYBDENUM.

Also Known As:

Quinol-Nitrate Oxidoreductase; Respiratory Nitrate Reductase; Nitrate Reductase, Respiratory; Oxidoreductase, Quinol-Nitrate; Quinol Nitrate Oxidoreductase; Reductase, Nitrate; Reductase, Respiratory Nitrate

Networked: 109 relevant articles (3 outcomes, 12 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes
- Enzymes: 34502
  - Oxidoreductases: 9264
    - Nitroreductases: 15
      - Nitrate Reductases: 3
        Nitrate Reductase: 109
        E coli napA protein
        E coli NarG protein
        E coli narZ protein

Experts

1.	Martin, Anandi: 7 articles (04/2014 - 04/2005)
2.	Palomino, Juan Carlos: 6 articles (02/2014 - 04/2005)
3.	Coban, Ahmet Yilmaz: 3 articles (08/2015 - 05/2011)
4.	Portaels, Françoise: 3 articles (08/2008 - 04/2005)
5.	Uzun, Meltem: 2 articles (08/2015 - 05/2011)
6.	Durupinar, Belma: 2 articles (08/2015 - 05/2011)
7.	von Groll, Andrea: 2 articles (06/2015 - 01/2008)
8.	Williams, Monique J: 2 articles (02/2015 - 01/2011)
9.	Kana, Bavesh D: 2 articles (02/2015 - 01/2011)
10.	Mizrahi, Valerie: 2 articles (02/2015 - 01/2011)

Related Diseases

1.	Multiple Organ Failure (MODS) 01/01/2011 - "In this study we compared two direct techniques--Nitrate Reductase Assay (NRA) and Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility (MODS) for rapid detection of MDR-TB in a high burden RLS. " 08/01/2006 - "A study was carried out to compare the performance of a commercial method (MGIT) and four inexpensive drug susceptibility methods: nitrate reductase assay (NRA), microscopic observation drug susceptibility (MODS) assay, MTT test, and broth microdilution method (BMM). " 06/01/2009 - "Fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: an assessment of MGIT 960, MODS and nitrate reductase assay and fluoroquinolone cross-resistance." 01/01/2009 - "The four direct tests included two in-house phenotypic assays - Nitrate Reductase Assay (NRA) and Microscopic Observation Drug Susceptibility (MODS), and two commercially available tests - Genotype MTBDR and Genotype MTBDRplus (Hain Life Sciences, Nehren, Germany). " 01/01/2013 - "TB assay, Genotype MTBDR assay, Genotype MTBDRplus assay, Colorimetric Redox Indicator (CRI) assay, Nitrate Reductase Assay (NRA) and MODS tests): for all tests, negative predictive values were high when rifampicin resistance prevalence was ≤ 30%. "
2.	Tuberculosis (Tuberculoses) 02/01/2014 - "To perform a multicentre study evaluating the performance of the direct nitrate reductase assay (NRA) for the detection of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis in sputum samples. " 06/01/2015 - "Evaluation of direct microplate nitrate reductase assay as a rapid method for the detection of multiple and extensively tuberculosis drug resistance." 02/01/2015 - "tuberculosis was confirmed by demonstrating the loss of assimilatory and respiratory nitrate reductase activity in a mobA deletion mutant. " 01/01/2013 - "To compare BACTEC™ MGIT™ (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube) 960 and the nitrate reductase assay (NRA) with the proportion method on Löwenstein-Jensen medium and to determine resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs. " 01/01/2011 - "tuberculosis isolates were determined by using microplate nitrate reductase assays. "
3.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 12/01/2004 - "The mechanism of nitrate reductase (NR) regulation under long-term anoxia in roots of whole plants and the putative role of nitrate in anoxia tolerance have been addressed. " 12/01/2004 - "Nitrate reductase regulation in tomato roots by exogenous nitrate: a possible role in tolerance to long-term root anoxia." 05/01/2004 - "Nitrate was shown to be a precursor of NO in anoxic maize cell-suspension cultures by using (15)NO(3)(-) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, suggesting that NO is formed via nitrate reductase during hypoxia. " 06/01/1998 - "This strain-specific property is encoded by a respiratory nitrate reductase gene cluster (nar) whose expression is induced by anoxia and nitrate (S. " 02/01/2006 - "In this organism, nitrate respiration is performed by a mobilizable respiratory island that encodes a new type of respiratory NADH dehydrogenase as electron donor, a tetrameric membrane nitrate reductase as final electron acceptor, two nitrate/nitrite transporters and the transcription factors required for their expression in response to nitrate and anoxia."
4.	Dehydration (Water Stress) 04/01/2015 - "Water stress significantly decreased the nitrate reductase activity. " 01/01/2009 - "The data herein demonstrate that, while nitrate reductase (NR)1-mediated NO generation is required for the ABA-induced closure of stomata in turgid leaves, it is not required for ABA-enhanced stomatal closure under conditions leading to rapid dehydration. " 02/01/2008 - "Water stress-induced defense increases in the production of NO were blocked by pretreatments with inhibitors of NOS and nitrate reductase (NR), suggesting that NO is produced from NOS and NR in leaves of maize plants exposed to water stress. " 08/01/2005 - "Modulation of nitrate reductase activity in rice seedlings under aluminium toxicity and water stress: role of osmolytes as enzyme protectant." 06/01/1991 - "Assimilatory nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in crude spinach leaf (Spinacia oleracea) extracts undergoes rapid changes following fluctuations in photosynthesis brought about by changes in external CO(2) or by water stress (WM Kaiser, E Brendle-Behnisch [1991] Plant Physiol 96:363-367). "
5.	Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis) 04/01/2014 - "The results showed that the nitrate reductase assay is suitable for the early determination of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and is a useful tool for the quick and accurate determination of a rapid M. " 09/01/2011 - "To evaluate the performance of the direct nitrate reductase assay (NRA) for rapid, low-cost detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in a resource-limited setting. " 09/01/2011 - "Field assessment of the direct nitrate reductase assay for rapid detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Honduras." 06/01/2011 - "However, using old cultures leds to a higher proportion of false sensitive results; furthermore, the nitrate reductase assay capability to detect multidrug-resistant tuberculosis decreased due to a higher proportion of non-interpretable results." 07/01/2012 - "Nitrate reductase assay using sodium nitrate for rapid detection of multidrug resistant tuberculosis."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	resazurin
2.	Agar
3.	Fluoroquinolones
4.	moxifloxacin (Avelox)
5.	Nitrogen
6.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
7.	Enzymes
8.	NAD (NADH)
9.	Glutamine (L-Glutamine)
10.	Glutamate Dehydrogenase