ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma

A pituitary adenoma which secretes ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN, leading to CUSHING DISEASE.

Also Known As:

ACTH-Producing Pituitary Adenoma; ACTH Producing Pituitary Adenoma; ACTH Secreting Pituitary Adenoma; ACTH-Producing Pituitary Adenomas; ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas; Adenoma, Corticotroph; Adenomas, Corticotroph; Corticotroph Adenomas; Corticotropin-Secreting Adenoma, Pituitary; Corticotropin-Secreting Adenomas, Pituitary; Pituitary Adenoma, ACTH Secreting; Pituitary Adenoma, ACTH-Producing; Pituitary Adenomas, ACTH-Producing; Pituitary Adenomas, ACTH-Secreting; Pituitary Corticotropin Secreting Adenoma; Pituitary Corticotropin-Secreting Adenomas; Corticotroph Adenoma; Pituitary Adenoma, ACTH-Secreting; Pituitary Corticotropin-Secreting Adenoma

Networked: 501 relevant articles (20 outcomes, 37 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pituitary ACTH Hypersecretion
2.	Adenoma (Adenomas)
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Hypopituitarism (Sheehan's Syndrome)
5.	Turcot syndrome

Experts

1.	Yamada, Shozo: 15 articles (03/2022 - 01/2005)
2.	Daimon, Makoto: 9 articles (09/2022 - 01/2014)
3.	Kageyama, Kazunori: 9 articles (09/2022 - 01/2014)
4.	Hofland, Leo J: 9 articles (01/2021 - 01/2004)
5.	Niioka, Kanako: 8 articles (09/2022 - 08/2014)
6.	Inoshita, Naoko: 8 articles (03/2022 - 12/2007)
7.	Wang, Renzhi: 7 articles (12/2021 - 12/2014)
8.	Grossman, Ashley B: 7 articles (12/2021 - 06/2002)
9.	Feng, Ming: 7 articles (08/2021 - 01/2016)
10.	Xing, Bing: 7 articles (08/2021 - 03/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to ACTH-Secreting Pituitary Adenoma:

1.	Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)FDA Link 10/01/2002 - "As evidenced by a long-term hormonal and clinical remission, these changes in plasma ACTH levels in all patients were accompanied by a complete removal of the ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma. " 12/01/2019 - "This study population was compared to two control groups composed of patients cured after the resection of the ACTH secreting pituitary adenoma (Group A: 44 patients) and of the ACTH-secreting neuroendocrine tumours (Group B: 8 patients). " 02/01/2015 - "A transsphenoidal approach to resection of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma is the first-line treatment. " 01/01/2020 - "Clinical Parameters of Silent Corticotroph Adenomas With Positive and Negative Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Immunostaining: A Large Retrospective Single-Center Study of 105 Cases." 01/01/2022 - "However, the effect of ubiquitylation on ACTH secretion in silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs) remains unclear. "
2.	Growth Hormone (Somatotropin)IBA 08/01/2021 - "All patients treated with single fraction SRS in our institution for recurrent or residual non-functioning-, growth hormone- and ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas were retrospectively identified and reviewed. " 01/01/2021 - "With the exception of silent gonadotroph adenomas (SGAs), female gender dominance was shown in patients with silent growth hormone adenoma (SGHA) and silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA). " 12/01/2017 - "Study and comparison of characteristics of silent growth hormone adenomas (SGHA), silent corticotroph adenomas (SCA), and silent gonadotroph adenomas (SGA) in a single institution cohort of surgically treated pituitary adenomas. " 06/01/2022 - "We compared complication rates in patients with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas with those in patients with growth hormone secreting pituitary adenomas (growth hormone [GH] group) and nonfunctioning adenomas (nonfunctioning group). " 08/01/2012 - "Thirteen percent of the cases presented with acromegaly secondary to double adenoma (silent corticotroph adenoma and growth hormone adenoma) and 13 % presented with pituitary tumor apoplexy. "
3.	Temozolomide (Temodar)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2015 - "To date, this is the first case of invasive corticotroph adenoma in Nelson's syndrome treated with temozolomide in Poland. " 02/01/2012 - "We investigated the immunohistochemical expression of MGMT in a variety of corticotroph adenoma subtypes to determine the potential utility of temozolomide as a therapeutic agent. " 08/01/2021 - "Long-Term Use of Temozolomide as Safe and Effective Therapy for an Aggressive Corticotroph Adenoma in a Very Old Patient." 04/01/2011 - "Aggressive silent corticotroph adenoma progressing to pituitary carcinoma: the role of temozolomide therapy." 03/01/2011 - "To highlight the potential of temozolomide (TMZ) to induce rapid tumor regression in patients with aggressive corticotroph adenomas (CA) that are refractory to surgery and radiation therapy and to review use of TMZ in other pituitary tumors. "
4.	Hormones (Hormone)IBA 07/01/1991 - "Changes in hormone production of a recurrent silent corticotroph adenoma of the pituitary: a histologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and tissue culture study." 01/01/2019 - "Cellular markers in corticotroph adenomas correlate with hormones-concerns on interpretation." 01/01/2005 - "Super-selective cavernous sinus sampling with hypothalamic stimulating hormone administration can provide accurate localization of the responsible lesion in patients with ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma." 01/01/2005 - "Diagnostic value of super-selective bilateral cavernous sinus sampling with hypothalamic stimulating hormone loading in patients with ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma." 10/01/2023 - "All 14 patients had tumor subtypes confirmed by immunohistochemistry and hormone testing, with the most common being ACTH-producing pituitary adenomas (n = 12). "
5.	Dopamine Receptors (Dopamine Receptor)IBA 02/01/2013 - "Recent studies demonstrate that somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (sst(5)) and dopamine receptor subtype 2 (D(2)) are frequently (co-)expressed by corticotroph adenomas. " 06/01/2010 - "The expression of dopamine receptor subtypes has been reported in corticotroph adenomas, and this finding support the possibility for medical treatment of Cushing's disease (CD) with dopamine agonists when conventional treatment has failed. " 06/01/2009 - "In Cushing's disease, corticotroph adenomas mainly express dopamine receptor subtype 2 (D(2)) and somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (sst(5)), whereas sst(2) is expressed at lower levels. " 01/01/2009 - "This study was aimed to determine whether somatostatin receptor (SSTR) subtype (1-5) and dopamine receptor type 2 (D2R) are differentially expressed in pituitary tumors causing Cushing's disease (CD), silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA), and non-functioning pituitary tumor (NFT). " 09/01/2008 - "In conclusion, canine corticotroph adenomas provide an interesting model to study CD, but differences in somatostatin and dopamine receptor expression between humans and dogs should be taken into account when using dogs with CD as a model to evaluate efficacy of novel somatostatin analogs and dopamine agonists for human CD."
6.	Somatostatin (Somatotropin Release-Inhibiting Factor)IBA 01/01/2009 - "In a recent study, we found that dopamine (DA) D(2) and somatostatin (SS) receptor subtypes are well expressed in canine corticotroph adenomas, but there are some distinct differences compared with the expression profile observed in human CD. " 08/01/2005 - "In a series of human corticotroph adenomas, we recently found predominant mRNA expression of somatostatin (SS) receptor subtype 5 (sst5). " 09/01/2008 - "In conclusion, canine corticotroph adenomas provide an interesting model to study CD, but differences in somatostatin and dopamine receptor expression between humans and dogs should be taken into account when using dogs with CD as a model to evaluate efficacy of novel somatostatin analogs and dopamine agonists for human CD." 01/01/2015 - "This is a novel multireceptor ligand somatostatin (SST) analog with a high binding affinity for SST receptor 5, the predominant receptor in human corticotroph adenomas that is not downregulated by high cortisol levels (as SST receptor 2 is). " 05/01/2013 - "Pasireotide has a receptor binding profile that is distinct from that of other somatostatin analogues, binding with high affinity to somatostatin receptor subtype 5, which is strongly over expressed in corticotroph adenoma cells. "
7.	GlucocorticoidsIBA 01/01/2015 - "A characteristic biochemical feature of corticotroph adenomas is their relative resistance to suppressive negative feedback by glucocorticoids. " 08/01/2013 - "Different levels of various glucocorticoid-regulated genes in corticotroph adenomas." 01/01/2009 - "A characteristic biochemical feature of corticotroph adenomas is their relative resistance to negative feedback by glucocorticoids. " 01/01/2023 - "Impaired sensitivity to glucocorticoid feedback is a hallmark of human corticotroph adenomas, i.e., Cushing's disease, a disorder with few medical treatment options. " 01/01/2018 - "The mechanisms through which corticotroph tumors escape from glucocorticoid negative feedback are still poorly understood, as are the processes that trigger the progression of benign corticotroph adenomas toward aggressive and malignant phenotypes. "
8.	ProlactinIBA 08/01/2010 - "[Mixed prolactin- and ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma]." 10/01/2008 - "Five normal human pituitaries and 17 clinically nonfunctioning, 11 GH-secreting, seven prolactin-secreting, and six ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas were used. " 12/01/1997 - "The receptor was also transcribed in some prolactin-secreting adenomas and non-functioning adenomas, and, more strikingly, in all 18 ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas studied. " 09/01/2012 - "Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (CNFPAs) consist of several histological subtypes, including null cell adenoma (NCA), silent gonadotroph cell adenoma (SGA), silent corticotroph adenoma (SCA), and other silent adenomas (OSA) (i.e., GH, TSH, and prolactin adenomas). " 09/01/1990 - "The highest number of aneuploid tumors was found in silent corticotroph adenomas (5 of 9), followed by prolactin cell adenomas (3 of 6). "
9.	Dopamine Agonists (Dopamine Agonist)IBA 06/01/2010 - "The expression of dopamine receptor subtypes has been reported in corticotroph adenomas, and this finding support the possibility for medical treatment of Cushing's disease (CD) with dopamine agonists when conventional treatment has failed. " 12/01/2011 - "In decreasing order, lower scores were encountered in ACTH adenomas in Cushing disease, silent subtype 3 adenomas, untreated GH adenomas, silent corticotroph adenomas of subtypes 1 and 2, dopamine agonist-treated PRL adenomas, ACTH adenomas in Nelson syndrome, and gonadotroph adenomas. " 09/01/2008 - "In conclusion, canine corticotroph adenomas provide an interesting model to study CD, but differences in somatostatin and dopamine receptor expression between humans and dogs should be taken into account when using dogs with CD as a model to evaluate efficacy of novel somatostatin analogs and dopamine agonists for human CD." 11/01/1985 - "A group of cases due to corticotroph adenoma has been reported whose excessive ACTH secretion is reduced by treatment with the dopamine agonist bromocriptine, in which it is suggested that the tumour cells arise from a subset of corticotrophs of pars intermedia origin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)" 01/01/2017 - ", the effectiveness of dopamine agonist and somatostatin analog in corticotroph adenomas is low; however, if the plurihormonal pituitary adenoma producing ACTH expresses SSTR2, SSTR5 and D2R, medical therapy for the pituitary adenoma may be effective."
10.	Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2021 - "The duration of active disease, the presence of ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, and 24-h urinary cortisol did not influence the presence of vertebral fractures. " 02/01/2018 - "Consensus-driven in-hospital cortisol assessment after ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma resection." 12/01/2013 - "Corticotroph adenoma tissue was examined from patients from group 1 (n = 22; elevated preoperative urinary free cortisol) and group 2 (n = 11; mean duration of preoperative normocortisolism 10 weeks). " 10/01/2012 - "To evaluate the intraoperative and postoperative course of nine patients with non-ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas who did not receive intraoperative cortisol replacement despite having a preoperative MSC below 9 μg/dl (250 nmol/l) and to compare this with a set of patients with a preoperative MSC greater than 14.5 μg/dl (400 nmol/l) and another set of patients with MSC below 9 μg/dl (250 nmol/l) who received intraoperative cortisol administration. " 10/01/2012 - "cortisol excess due to an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma, is a rare disorder with considerable morbidity and mortality but no satisfactory medical treatment as yet. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 07/01/2016 - "In the past few years, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been suggested as a good alternative, second line therapy for the management of patients with ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas. " 01/01/2009 - "The diagnosis and therapy of malignant corticotroph adenomas remains a clinical challenge. " 12/01/1999 - "Ectopic ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas may cause significant difficulties in differential diagnosis, localisation and appropriate therapy. " 01/01/2018 - "Patients with pituitary corticotroph adenomas who have received radiation therapy to the sella require medical therapy until the effects of radiation therapy occur. " 01/01/2003 - "Two of the patients with silent corticotroph adenomas have suffered multiple recurrences; one patient has had three operations and two courses of radiotherapy for two episodes of recurrence and one patient has had four operations, two courses of radiotherapy and gamma knife therapy after three recurrences in total. "
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 03/01/2019 - "The objective of this study is to evaluate the role of Crooke's changes (CC) in normal the peri-tumoral anterior pituitary gland, in patients with Cushing's disease (CD) with a histopathological confirmed corticotroph adenoma, and determine if there is any difference in the recurrence and remission rates in CD patients after treatment with Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS). "
3.	Radiotherapy 06/01/2023 - "The majority of corticotroph adenomas are benign but some are locally invasive, demonstrate high rates of recurrence, and exhibit a relatively poor response to often repeated surgical, medical, and radiation treatment. " 01/01/2022 - "Sarcomatous transformation of a silent corticotroph adenoma after radiotherapy." 04/16/2021 - "Sarcomatous transformation of a silent corticotroph adenoma after radiotherapy." 01/01/2020 - "Retrospective review of 38 patients without prior radiation treatment having SRS for ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas from 1990 to 2015. " 01/01/2018 - "An institutional review board-approved, institutional retrospective analysis of patients with GH- and ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas was performed, with matching for patient sex, age at radiosurgery, interval between the last resection and radiosurgery, use of previous radiation therapy, whole sella treatment, suprasellar extension, cavernous sinus invasion, and margin dose. "
4.	Brachytherapy 01/01/2002 - "Conventional radiation therapy, stereotactic radiosurgery, fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy, and brachytherapy with Yttrium-90 (Y 90) and Gold-198 (Au 198) have been used successfully to treat ACTH-secreting pituitary adenomas in specialized centers. "
5.	Hypophysectomy 01/01/2022 - "Dogs with pituitary corticotroph adenomas that underwent transsphenoidal hypophysectomy were retrospectively included. " 01/01/2009 - "Canine CD may therefore serve as an animal model for human CD, especially since therapeutic canine hypophysectomy can generate substantial amounts of primary corticotroph adenoma tissue for in vitro research purposes. " 11/01/2018 - "Previous canine hypophysectomy studies suggested that melanotroph adenomas were larger and carried a worse prognosis than corticotroph adenomas; however, in this study, corticotroph adenomas in comparison to melanotroph adenomas were larger (median P/B ratio: 1.06 versus 0.76), more proliferative (median Ki-67 index: 9.47% versus 1.99%), and associated with shorter survival (median: 300 versus 793 days). " 03/01/2004 - "The first patient, (38 years of age), was with the nodes on forearms and lower legs, which occurred one month after hypophysectomy for adrenocorticoscopic (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma, and showed histopathologically confirmed epithelioid, noncaseating granulomas in the subcutaneous fat tissue. " 07/01/1987 - "ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma cells were cultured from specimens obtained by transphenoidal hypophysectomy in five patients with Cushing's disease. "