Decapitation

01/01/2021 - "The mice were killed by decapitation, fresh liver tissue was immediately collected, and part of it was frozen in liquid nitrogen for the RT-PCR test. "
03/01/2018 - "We demonstrated that nitrogen in the axis II comes mainly from new root uptake after decapitation. "
05/01/1993 - "The animals were killed at 24 h by decapitation, and one brain hemisphere was quickly frozen in liquid nitrogen for organic osmolyte determinations. "
07/01/1992 - "The panel further recommended that if decapitation was scientifically necessary, the decapitated head be immediately immersed in liquid nitrogen. "
03/01/1992 - "However, immersion of whole heads in liquid nitrogen after decapitation decreased the time to 25 s. "

07/01/1982 - "In contrast, there was an increase of adenosine in hippocampus, frontal cortex, and especially striatum of animals killed by decapitation. "
12/01/1976 - "There was a lack of correlation between the effects of decapitation in vivo and the responses to adenosine in vitro. "
06/01/2001 - "Decapitation ischemia reduced brain adenosine 5'-triphosphate concentration rapidly. "
10/01/1988 - "The rank order for best results in measuring adenosine content with the various methods of sacrifice was: focused microwave irradiation greater than decapitation into liquid nitrogen greater than immersion into liquid nitrogen greater than decapitation. "
02/01/1996 - "Of the 6 brain regions studied, adenosine levels (pmol/mg protein) ranged from 10 in cerebral cortex to 170 in cerebellum of rats killed using 10 kW microwave irradiation and, for comparison, ranged from 840 in cerebral cortex to 2498 in striatum of rats killed by decapitation. "

01/01/2000 - "After decapitation the preoptic mediobasal hypothalamic area (POA/MBH) was dissected from 5 randomly selected rats from each treatment group and the release rates of GnRH were determined in superfusion experiments: The hypothalamic GnRH secretion was comparable in the CET and the same age placebo rats but significantly higher than in the 25 day old control group. "
03/01/1992 - "After completion of the GnRH treatment, treated rats and age-matched controls were killed by decapitation at 09.00 h on the first day of dioestrus, as determined from vaginal smears. "
04/12/1988 - "Following decapitation and surgical isolation, POA-MBH explants were individually perifused with culture medium which was collected for radioimmunoassay of LH-RH. "
12/01/1987 - "injection of GnRH (100 ng/100 gm BW), Group II animals were killed by decapitation, and serum was collected for LH. "
07/01/1976 - "LHRH in the MBH and the preoptic area (POA), and the blood concentrations of LHRH, FSH, and LH were measured following decapitation at the end of 30 days in experiment 1 and 28 days in experiment 2. Interruption of anterior neural links of the MBH resulted in a drastic reduction in the amounts of LHRH in the MBH and a significant increment in the POA. "

05/03/1982 - "Furthermore, post-decapitation convulsions were eliminated in DSP-4 treated animals. "
04/01/2000 - "Analysis of post-decapitation convulsions (PDCs) indicated loss of the reflex by DSP4 pretreatment. "
05/03/1982 - "The effects of central norepinephrine depletion produced by DSP-4 on drug-induced catalepsy and pot-decapitation convulsions were examined in the rat. "
06/27/2003 - "In the present study, the effect of DSP-4, a neurotoxin highly selective for LC projections, on D(2) receptor abundance as assessed by [3H]-raclopride binding in the striatum was studied in rats after administration in doses of 10 and 50 mg/kg either 3 days or 1 month before decapitation. "
10/01/1992 - "In order to clarify a possible interaction between CCK- and noradrenergic neurotransmission in the brain, DSP-4 [N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine], a neurotoxin that selectively destroys noradrenaline-containing nerve terminals originating from the locus coeruleus, was administered to rats IP (10 and 50 mg/kg) seven days before decapitation. "

01/01/2015 - "The FFAs were decreased by 15-44% in the group of animals euthanized by pentobarbital injection compared with CO2 inhalation or decapitation. "
06/26/1987 - "Following decapitation, the plasma, liver and brain concentrations of pentobarbital were measured with a gas chromatographic/mass fragmentographic method. "
01/01/1982 - "Pentobarbital treatment also reduced the rapid phase of FFA increase commencing after decapitation. "
02/01/1976 - "The expected preovulatory surge of serum LH at 18.00 h of pro-oestrus was also delayed until 21.00 h on the following day; however, increased levels (less than 12 ng/ml) were observed in 14 out of 23 animals (killed by decapitation) at 21.00 h on the day of Nembutal administration. "
06/01/1989 - "Under pentobarbital anesthesia, twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were killed by decapitation following washout of the blood by trans-cardiac perfusion with cold physiological saline. "

01/01/2017 - "At the end of the experimental protocol, glucose tolerance tests were performed, the animals were killed by decapitation; blood and organs were obtained to perform oxidative profile, histology, biochemical analyses and Western blot. "
07/01/1997 - "One week later, the rats were killed by decapitation and epididymal adipocytes were obtained for glucose metabolism evaluation. "
05/01/1994 - "In other tissues, the resonances from [1-13C]glucose were clearly detected even after the decapitation. "
06/01/1991 - "Tissue glucose content was varied by glucose injection and ischaemia was induced by decapitation. "
02/01/1990 - "The rate of glucose phosphorylation can be directly calculated from the rate of change in DG6P, the average levels of DG and glucose, and a constant derived from direct comparison of the rate of changes in glucose and DG6P after decapitation. "

10/01/1994 - "When blood was collected by decapitation from normal rats, the subsequently prepared plasma (12.5% to 50%) profoundly inhibited insulin release from rat isolated islets. "
01/01/1989 - "In the group of rats treated with 1.0 unit of insulin 10 min. before decapitation, a statistically significant increase in the BUI was observed. "
01/01/1989 - "Pretreatment of the animals with the higher doses of insulin (0.6 or 1.0, but not 0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 units per rat, 3 or 10 min. before decapitation) resulted in higher values for the BUI of AZT in most individual animals. "
09/01/1987 - "The data thus obtained were compared with insulin degradation in control (C) rats which were killed by decapitation in the animal room. "
03/01/1984 - "Encephalectomy and decapitation of 17.5-day-old fetuses did not produce any significant effect on insulin concentration in the pancreas and blood plasma of 21-day-old fetuses. "

01/01/1989 - "Ovaries from 10- to 18-day-old chick embryos hypophysectomized by partial decapitation were cultured in vitro and their estradiol secretion was compared to that of ovaries from control embryos. "
07/01/1991 - "Effect of partial decapitation (hypophysectomy) on 17 beta-estradiol secretion by the chick embryo ovary."
07/01/2009 - "One hundred new-born male SD rat pups were assigned to an experimental group, subcutaneously injected with 25 microg Estradiol + 25 microl corn oil vehicle, and a control group, given corn oil alone, on postnatal day (PD) 0, 1, 3 and 5. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation and their prostates removed on PD 1, 6, 10, 20 and 30. "
04/01/2000 - "GnRHa administration 3 or 4 weeks before decapitation also significantly decreased serum estradiol concentrations, but did not increase pineal secretion of melatonin. "
04/01/2000 - "Administration of GnRHa 2 weeks before decapitation significantly decreased serum estradiol concentrations and significantly increased melatonin secretion by the pineal glands of female rat. "

01/01/1984 - "Total muscle triglyceride content was not influenced by decapitation, but the triglyceride concentration was lower in D when compared to C fetuses. "
01/01/1980 - "Samples were best taken under anesthesia as breakdown of triacylglycerol was rapid after decapitation. "
12/01/2017 - "At 90 days, the animals were killed by decapitation and fat deposits (mesenteric, epididymal and retroperitoneal) were removed and blood collected for measurement of glucose and triglyceride levels. "
08/01/2017 - "CO2 inhalation appears to increase the serum levels of triglycerides, while euthanasia by decapitation induced no individual discrepant biomarker level. "
04/01/1967 - "Foetal and maternal plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the rabbit after foetal hypophysectomy by decapitation in utero."

11/09/1979 - "However, lesions of the dorsal and ventral NE bundle by treatment with 6-OHDA, which caused a marked decrease in the NE content of the cortex and hypothalamus, respectively, did not affect the decapitation convulsion. "
03/01/2016 - "In flesh flies, chemical decapitation by 6-OHDA, by interrupting the brain-gut dopaminergic signaling, can be used as tool for the controlled inhibition of midgut proteolytic activity and subsequent ovarial development. "
03/01/2016 - "Abdominal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) dose-dependently prohibits this increase in proteolytic activity at translational level in a similar way as post liver feeding decapitation. "
04/01/1982 - "The ontogeny of the post-decapitation reflex (PDR) was examined in neonatal systemic 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treated rats. "
11/09/1979 - "Chemical lesion of the descending bundle from the LC by treatment with 6-OHDA significantly inhibited decapitation convulsions in a similar manner. "

07/01/2014 - "At the end of the 14 day trial period, animals were sacrificed by decapitation under anesthesia. "
01/01/2021 - "On day 11, intracardiac blood samples were obtained from the rats while they were under anesthesia, after which they were euthanized by decapitation. "
05/01/2018 - "The animals were killed at 22 days of age, 12 h after the last injection, by decapitation without anesthesia. "
01/01/2018 - "Twenty one days after the last injection, the mice were killed by decapitation under deep anesthesia. "
02/01/2017 - "Rats were sacrificed by decapitation without anesthesia and a blood sample was removed for analysis. "

05/01/2005 - "These results suggest that it is critical to avoid anaesthetizing experimental animals and that decapitation is the preferred method for euthanasia when conducting neurochemical studies."
08/01/2017 - "Decapitation without anaesthesia may be the most adequate method of euthanasia when taking both animal welfare and data quality in consideration."
01/01/2016 - "We conclude that CO2 euthanasia of mice does not have an impact on other mice in the room, and that euthanasia by decapitation likely only has an effect due to the noise of the guillotine. "
12/27/2012 - "The PD was induced and 7 days after the lesion, the animals underwent a rotational test and euthanasia by decapitation. "
01/27/2011 - "It is likely that consciousness vanishes within seconds after decapitation, implying that decapitation is a quick and not an inhumane method of euthanasia. "

03/01/2002 - "Four weeks after transplantation, the rats were OVX 2 weeks before decapitation. "
03/01/1977 - "Three weeks after transplantation, the animals were sacrificed by decapitation and a significant increase in plasma prolactin was observed, which was accompanied by a highly significant increase in the weights of seminal vesicles, ventral and dorsal prostates, and adrenals. "
07/01/1998 - "Studies on the effects of decapitation, head transplantation and ecdysone therapy on the ultrastructural organization of the midgut in 5th-instar larvae of Rhodnius prolixus, were carried out. "
06/01/1999 - "Studies on the effects of decapitation, head transplantation, azadirachtin, and ecdysone therapy on the ultrastructural organization of the midgut of Rhodnius prolixus, a vector of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, show a distinct effect on the organization of the epithelial cells. "

07/01/2002 - "Decapitation and ecdysone therapy on the population dynamics of the Trypanosoma cruzi Dm28c clone in the stomach, small intestine and rectum of fifth-instar larvae of Rhodnius prolixus were investigated. "
07/01/2002 - "Dynamic development of Trypanosoma cruzi in Rhodnius prolixus: role of decapitation and ecdysone therapy."
01/01/1992 - "The effects of decapitation and chicken growth hormone (cGH) replacement therapy on chick embryo growth has been investigated. "
01/01/1992 - "Effects of surgical decapitation and chicken growth hormone (cGH) replacement therapy on chick embryo growth."
07/01/1998 - "Studies on the effects of decapitation, head transplantation and ecdysone therapy on the ultrastructural organization of the midgut in 5th-instar larvae of Rhodnius prolixus, were carried out. "

11/01/2006 - "Hypophysectomy (Hx) was performed by the partial decapitation technique. "
03/01/2005 - "Hypophysectomy was performed by the partial decapitation technique. "
01/01/2003 - "Initial comparisons were made with published results based on hypophysectomy by decapitation, evaluated without access to surgical controls. "
01/01/2003 - "A detailed description is given of a surgical technique for selectively removing the pituitary anlage from the intrauterine fetal rat as an alternative to the more generally applied fetal hypophysectomy by decapitation. "
01/01/2003 - "Selective fetal hypophysectomy in utero: microsurgical technique and comparisons with hypophysectomy by decapitation."