Morning Sickness

Symptoms of NAUSEA and VOMITING in pregnant women that usually occur in the morning during the first 2 to 3 months of PREGNANCY. Severe persistent vomiting during pregnancy is called HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM.

Also Known As:

Networked: 70 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV)
2.	Nausea
3.	Motion Sickness (Airsickness)
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Vomiting

Experts

1.	Koren, Gideon: 10 articles (12/2014 - 08/2004)
2.	Matok, Ilan: 2 articles (12/2014 - 03/2013)
3.	Miodovnik, Menachem: 2 articles (12/2014 - 03/2013)
4.	Caritis, Steve: 2 articles (12/2014 - 03/2013)
5.	Clark, Shannon: 2 articles (12/2014 - 03/2013)
6.	Hankins, Gary: 2 articles (12/2014 - 03/2013)
7.	Maltepe, Caroline: 2 articles (05/2014 - 12/2006)
8.	Berge, L: 2 articles (09/2001 - 03/2001)
9.	Pedersen, E J: 2 articles (09/2001 - 03/2001)
10.	Fønnebø, V: 2 articles (09/2001 - 03/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Morning Sickness:

1.	IronIBA 01/01/2009 - "Our data suggest that avoiding iron-containing prenatal multivitamins in the first trimester is effective in improving NVP symptoms in the majority of pregnant women suffering from morning sickness." 11/01/2006 - "Recent Motherisk studies have shown both tablet size and high iron content to be associated with lower compliance among women with morning sickness. "
2.	Ondansetron (Zofran)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2001 - "It was noted that PONV was more frequent among women who had significant morning sickness during early pregnancy and ondansetron was beneficial in reducing PONV in these women. " 10/01/2012 - "While I usually prescribe doxylamine-pyridoxine for morning sickness, some of my patients with severe nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) receive ondansetron in hospital. "
3.	Calcium Carbonate (Limestone)FDA Link 01/01/2012 - "Calabash chalk is a naturally occurring mineral consumed by members of some Nigerian communities for pleasure and by pregnant women as a remedy for morning sickness. " 06/01/2013 - "The mother had ingested 3-6 g of calcium carbonate daily during the final 4 months of pregnancy to control morning sickness. "
4.	AntiemeticsIBA 12/01/2006 - "The study of 26 women who had had severe morning sickness during previous pregnancies showed that using antiemetics before symptoms of morning sickness started appeared to prevent recurrence of severe morning sickness in subsequent pregnancies. " 05/01/2013 - "In the mid-1970s, the most effective agents available were the standard antiemetics used for gastrointestinal illnesses, postoperative nausea, and morning sickness. " 04/01/2011 - "The key words used were nausea, vomiting, emesis, hyperemesis gravidarum, morning sickness, pregnancy, pregnancy complications, treatment, efficacy, effectiveness, antiemetics, safety and teratogenesis. " 04/01/1992 - "The basis of the use of antiemetics in morning sickness and migraine is still obscure; for the latter, serotonin 5-HT1 receptor agonists, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and dopamine D2 receptor antagonists are effective. "
5.	Histamine Antagonists (Antihistamines)IBA 05/01/2014 - "For example, antihistamines for morning sickness have been proven safe in numerous studies, but are commonly the subject of media reports overstating the risks to the fetus. " 03/01/1997 - "Women suffering from morning sickness which is not controlled by nonpharmacological methods can safely use antihistamines."
6.	Thalidomide (Thalomid)FDA Link 06/01/2015 - "Nearly 60 years ago thalidomide was prescribed to treat morning sickness in pregnant women. " 04/01/2015 - "Thalidomide was originally used to alleviate morning sickness in pregnant women, but was banned due to severe adverse effects. " 09/01/2014 - "Thalidomide developed in 1954 for morning sickness had proven to be a teratogen and hence was withdrawn from market. " 05/01/2013 - "The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drug thalidomide was first introduced in 1957 as a sleep aid and treatment for morning sickness. " 03/01/2012 - "Thalidomide was originally developed in 1954 as a sedative that was commonly used to ameliorate morning sickness. "
7.	Pyridoxine (Pyridoxin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2013 - "The US FDA approval in April 2013 of Diclegis®, the doxylamine-pyridoxine combination for morning sickness, is a major milestone, particularly since it is indicated for use in pregnancy and the FDA has labeled it a pregnancy category A drug the strongest evidence of fetal safety. " 01/01/2013 - "The return to the USA of doxylamine-pyridoxine delayed release combination (Diclegis®) for morning sickness--a new morning for American women." 12/01/2006 - "Subanalysis of these 12 women revealed that pre-emptive use of doxylamine-pyridoxine significantly decreased the likelihood that severe morning sickness would recur." 08/01/2004 - "The NVP Healthline enrolled two control groups of women with NVP treated with a doxylamine-pyridoxine combination for morning sickness. " 08/01/2013 - "For morning sickness, 89% of those replying give dietary advice frequently or always, and 70% prescribe metoclopramide frequently or always, whereas 59% advise pyridoxine and 10% prescribe doxylamine. "
8.	DoxylamineIBA 03/01/2013 - "There was no pregnancy-induced effect in the apparent CL of either doxylamine or PLP in women during the first trimester of pregnancy despite the existence of morning sickness." 01/01/2013 - "The US FDA approval in April 2013 of Diclegis®, the doxylamine-pyridoxine combination for morning sickness, is a major milestone, particularly since it is indicated for use in pregnancy and the FDA has labeled it a pregnancy category A drug the strongest evidence of fetal safety. " 01/01/2013 - "The return to the USA of doxylamine-pyridoxine delayed release combination (Diclegis®) for morning sickness--a new morning for American women." 12/01/2006 - "Subanalysis of these 12 women revealed that pre-emptive use of doxylamine-pyridoxine significantly decreased the likelihood that severe morning sickness would recur." 08/01/2004 - "The NVP Healthline enrolled two control groups of women with NVP treated with a doxylamine-pyridoxine combination for morning sickness. "
9.	Vitamin B 6IBA 01/01/1985 - "Therefore these data show no relationship between vitamin B6 status and the incidence or degree of morning sickness." 01/01/1985 - "No relationship was found between these indicators of vitamin B6 status and the degree of morning sickness experienced by this group during early pregnancy. " 01/01/1985 - "The relationship between the vitamin B6 status of 180 pregnant women and the incidence and degree of morning sickness experienced during the first trimester was investigated. " 01/01/1985 - "Morning sickness and vitamin B6 status of pregnant women." 09/01/2002 - "These ailments include morning sickness and premenstrual syndrome, despite the fact that the effect of large doses of vitamin B6 on developing human fetuses is currently unknown. "
10.	Thyroxine (Levothyroxine)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/2000 - "It is suggested that morning sickness, resulting from secretion of hCG and thyroxine, reduces maternal energy intake. " 09/01/1988 - "Thyroid function in early normal pregnancy was evaluated with reference to morning sickness using a newly developed free thyroxine (T4) radioimmunoassay and a highly sensitive TSH immunoradiometric assay. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Acupressure (Shiatsu) 04/01/1990 - "Acupressure (P6) is moderately effective in reducing morning sickness, but here there is more of a psychological element as pressure on a "dummy" point gives some alleviation of symptoms. " 07/01/1989 - "Use of acupressure wristbands relieved morning sickness for 12 of 16 subjects (chi 2 = 5.31 with Yates' correction factor, df = 1, p less than .025). " 07/01/1989 - "A prospective, controlled clinical trial examined the efficacy of acupressure therapy for morning sickness, using a two group, random assignment, crossover design. " 09/30/2001 - "Acupressure wristband might be an alternative for morning sickness in early pregnancy, especially before pharmaceutical treatment is considered." 09/30/2001 - "[Acupressure against morning sickness]."
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2013 - "Selected covariates including gender, age, active alcohol consumption, morning sickness and previous chemotherapy history were controlled using the multiple logistic regression analyses. " 03/01/2000 - "One study was found for each of the following conditions: seasickness, morning sickness and chemotherapy-induced nausea. " 06/01/2015 - "This article identified nine studies and seven reviews that investigated ginger for morning sickness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy-induced, and antiretroviral-induced nausea and vomiting. " 04/01/2003 - "Clinical research has found this treatment modality to be effective for nausea, whether it be due to morning sickness in pregnant women, motion sickness in travellers, postoperative nausea or chemotherapy-induced nausea in cancer patients." 12/01/2012 - "As previously identified, major predictors for grade 2 or greater cinv included younger patient age, platinum- or anthracycline-based chemotherapy, low alcohol consumption, earlier cycles of chemotherapy, previous history of morning sickness, and prior emetic episodes after chemotherapy. "
3.	Acupuncture Points (Acupuncture Point) 08/01/1988 - "A prospective study was designed to test the efficacy of pressure at the P6 (Neiguan) acupuncture point, in preventing morning sickness. "
4.	Hypnosis (Mesmerism) 12/01/1999 - "It is also stressed that medical hypnosis can be used to treat common morning sickness that is experienced by up to 80 percent of pregnant women. "
5.	Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) 01/01/1990 - "Having seen pregnant women pressing the P6 point as a preventative for morning sickness, stimulation of this point for 5-10 minutes by invasive (manual or electrical acupuncture) or non-invasive (transcutaneous electrical stimulation or acupressure) means was studied as an antiemetic. "