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Degenerative Myopia

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Excessive axial myopia associated with complications (especially posterior staphyloma and CHOROIDAL NEOVASCULARIZATION) that can lead to BLINDNESS.

Also Known As:

Myopia, Degenerative; Degenerative Myopias; Myopias, Degenerative; Myopias, Pathological; Myopias, Progressive; Pathological Myopia; Pathological Myopias; Progressive Myopia; Progressive Myopias; Myopia, Pathological; Myopia, Progressive

Networked: 204 relevant articles (19 outcomes, 22 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Eye Diseases: 2132
- Refractive Errors: 1891
  - Myopia: 4955
    - Degenerative Myopia: 204

Related Diseases

1.	Choroidal Neovascularization
2.	Myopia
3.	Macular Degeneration (Age-Related Maculopathy)
4.	Astigmatism
5.	Pathologic Dilatation (Ectasia)

Experts

1.	Tarutta, E P: 5 articles (01/2015 - 09/2000)
2.	Wollensak, Gregor: 5 articles (03/2011 - 03/2004)
3.	Iomdina, E N: 4 articles (01/2014 - 09/2000)
4.	Iomdina, Elena: 3 articles (03/2009 - 08/2005)
5.	Bandello, Francesco: 2 articles (12/2015 - 10/2011)
6.	Hefner, L: 2 articles (04/2014 - 04/2011)
7.	Gerding, H: 2 articles (04/2014 - 04/2011)
8.	Iacono, Pierluigi: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2011)
9.	Dai, Hong: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2007)
10.	Ruiz-Moreno, Jose M: 2 articles (11/2013 - 02/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Degenerative Myopia:

1.	bevacizumab FDA Link 02/01/2007 - "To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) as treatment for subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) due to pathological myopia. " 12/01/2012 - "A total 252 articles were retrieved, including 16 studies containing the most updated and complete data on prognostic factors for neovascularization due to pathological myopia treated by intravitreal bevacizumab injection. " 08/01/2012 - "Long-term results of intravitreal bevacizumab for choroidal neovascularisation in pathological myopia." 08/01/2008 - "To determine the efficacy and safety of intravitreal Avastin (bevacizumab) in the treatment of choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia (PM). " 08/01/2008 - "Intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) for choroidal neovascularisation secondary to pathological myopia: 6-month results."
2.	ranibizumab (Lucentis)FDA Link 05/01/2010 - "In this small series of eyes with limited follow-up, intravitreal ranibizumab was a safe and effective treatment for CNV secondary to pathological myopia, resulting in functional and anatomic improvements." 10/01/2009 - "To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal Ranibizumab as treatment for choroidal neovascularisation due to pathological myopia. " 01/01/2015 - "The Ranibizumab for the Treatment of Choroidal Neovascularisation (CNV) Secondary to Pathological Myopia (PM): an Individualized Regimen (REPAIR) trial was a prospective study exploring the efficacy and safety of intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5 mg using an individualized treatment regimen over 12 months. " 06/01/2013 - "Ranibizumab for the treatment of choroidal neovascularisation secondary to pathological myopia: interim analysis of the REPAIR study." 05/01/2010 - "Consecutive series of patients with primary subfoveal CNV secondary to pathological myopia treated with intravitreal ranibizumab 0.5mg (0.05ml) were included prospectively in this study. "
3.	verteporfin (Visudyne)FDA Link 01/01/2004 - "In adult patients with classic subfoveal CNV or occult with no classic subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD, or subfoveal CNV secondary to pathological myopia or POHS, verteporfin therapy slows or prevents loss of visual acuity. " 01/01/2003 - "In adult patients with classic subfoveal CNV or occult with no classic subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD, or subfoveal CNV secondary to pathological myopia or POHS, verteporfin therapy slows or prevents loss of visual acuity. " 01/01/2004 - "Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin, the first photosensitiser approved for the treatment of subfoveal CNV, is a well tolerated treatment that stabilises or slows visual acuity loss in adult patients with predominantly classic or occult with no classic subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD, and subfoveal CNV secondary to pathological myopia or POHS. " 01/01/2003 - "Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin, the first photosensitiser approved for the treatment of subfoveal CNV, is a well tolerated treatment that stabilises or slows visual acuity loss in adult patients with predominantly classic or occult with no classic subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD, and subfoveal CNV secondary to pathological myopia or POHS. " 08/01/2005 - "Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for juxtafoveal choroidal neovascularisation secondary to pathological myopia."
4.	Atropine (Hyoscyamine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1874 - "On the Atropine Treatment of Acquired and Progressive Myopia." 01/01/2000 - "Atropine and bifocals are an appropriate, effective, and safe management for progressive school myopia; and probably also for pathological myopia." 08/01/2015 - "Risk Factors for Progressive Myopia in the Atropine Therapy for Myopia Study." 05/01/2015 - "Risk factors for progressive myopia in the atropine therapy for myopia study."
5.	Taurine FDA Link 01/01/2015 - "Comparative evaluation of different hardware-based treatment modalities for progressive myopia and accommodation disorders allowed to work out their optimal combination: "Visotronic", "MACDEL 09" and magnetophoresis of Taufon 4%. " 01/01/2015 - "Comparative evaluation of different hardware-based treatment modalities for progressive myopia allowed to work out their optimal combination: "Visotronic", "MACDEL 09", and magnetophoresis of Taufon 4%. " 07/01/2014 - "The study of the 4% Taufon eye drops efficacy for dry eye prevention in silicone hydrogel Air Optix Night & Day and Pure Vision 2HD contact lens wearers with non-progressive myopia showed that the clinical effect was more significant in the treatment group (group 1) as compared to both group 2 (natural tear) and 3 (p < 0.05)."
6.	SiliconesIBA 09/01/2002 - "Plasma-chemical modification of synthetic transplant material (proliferous silicone) intended for scleroplasty in progressive myopia was theoretically substantiated, developed in the experiment and tested in practice. " 09/01/2002 - "[Plasma-modified silicone graft for scleroplasty in progressive myopia]." 07/01/2014 - "The study of the 4% Taufon eye drops efficacy for dry eye prevention in silicone hydrogel Air Optix Night & Day and Pure Vision 2HD contact lens wearers with non-progressive myopia showed that the clinical effect was more significant in the treatment group (group 1) as compared to both group 2 (natural tear) and 3 (p < 0.05)."
7.	HydrogelIBA 07/01/2014 - "The study of the 4% Taufon eye drops efficacy for dry eye prevention in silicone hydrogel Air Optix Night & Day and Pure Vision 2HD contact lens wearers with non-progressive myopia showed that the clinical effect was more significant in the treatment group (group 1) as compared to both group 2 (natural tear) and 3 (p < 0.05)."
8.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 07/01/2014 - "The study of the 4% Taufon eye drops efficacy for dry eye prevention in silicone hydrogel Air Optix Night & Day and Pure Vision 2HD contact lens wearers with non-progressive myopia showed that the clinical effect was more significant in the treatment group (group 1) as compared to both group 2 (natural tear) and 3 (p < 0.05)."
9.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 12/01/2013 - "The peculiarity of the retinopathy consists of pathological myopia with anomalous vitreal fenestrated membranes in the retinal periphery. " 01/01/2013 - "Inclusion criteria were spherical equivalent -6D or worse or features of pathological myopia on retinal examination. " 01/01/2013 - "Peripheral refraction and retinal contour in stable and progressive myopia." 01/01/2012 - "There was no statistically significant difference between the average retinal thickness in emmetropic and physiological myopic eyes (low, medium, high), but there was significant difference between physiological and pathological myopia. " 01/01/2009 - "Fundal examination revealed pathological myopia in both eyes and an elevated lesion associated with pre-retinal haemorrhage in the left macula. "
10.	CollagenIBA 08/01/2005 - "Our new method of scleral collagen cross-linking proved very effective in increasing the scleral mechanical strength; the new treatment may represent an option for strengthening scleral tissue in progressive myopia. " 11/01/2010 - "This review describes the sclera collagen characteristics of progressive myopia, traditional treatment and sclera collagen cross-linking therapy." 11/01/2010 - "Collagen cross-linking had been widely used in other industries, the recent research showed that cross-linking of scleral collagen increased the scleral biomechanical rigidity efficiently, which might become a new treatment modality for strengthening scleral tissue to prevent progressive myopia. " 11/01/2010 - "[Advanced research in Sclera collagen cross-linking treating progressive myopia]." 01/01/2008 - "The development of pathological myopia is associated with reduced scleral collagen accumulation, scleral thinning, and loss of scleral tissue, in both humans and animal models. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Photochemotherapy (Photodynamic Therapy) 04/01/2010 - "To evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-fluence-rate photodynamic therapy (LFPDT) to treat choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) secondary to pathological myopia (PM). " 05/01/2006 - "Optical coherence tomography to monitor photodynamic therapy in pathological myopia." 04/01/2010 - "Low-fluence-rate photodynamic therapy to treat subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in pathological myopia. " 12/01/2007 - "Photodynamic therapy in non-subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to pathological myopia: 1-year outcome." 02/01/2007 - "Retinal pigment epithelium changes after photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization in pathological myopia."
2.	Intravitreal Injections 10/01/2008 - "Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab appears to be a safe and effective treatment alternative for CNV associated with pathological myopia." 02/01/2007 - "Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for choroidal neovascularisation associated with pathological myopia." 10/01/2008 - "This study was carried out to investigate the effect of intravitreal injections of bevacizumab on choroidal neovascularization (CNV) associated with pathological myopia. " 10/01/2007 - "PDT combined with intravitreal injection of TA was performed on 16 eyes of 16 patients with CNV diagnosed by visual acuity, fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) and optical coherent tomography (OCT), including 14 eyes secondary to age-related macular degeneration and two eyes secondary to pathological myopia. " 10/01/2007 - "The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) combined with intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) in the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pathological myopia. "
3.	Heterologous Transplantation (Xenotransplantation) 11/01/2005 - "Xenoscleroplasty of the posterior pole of the eye with a bovine pericardial xenograft is an easy-to-use, pathogenetically oriented, highly effective, and safe treatment in patients with progressive myopia." 11/01/2005 - "The study deals with the development of an effective, atraumatic and easy-to-use treatment for patients with progressive myopia, by using a discoid xenograft. "
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 01/01/1988 - "[Scleroplasty using a corneo-scleral graft in school-age children th progressive myopia]." 09/01/2002 - "The efficacy of the proposed plasma-modified grafts in stabilizing progressive myopia in 18 patients operated on (33 eyes) aged 6 to 49 years (spherical equivalent myopia degree 3.0-28.0 D) during 3- year followup was 97%. " 12/01/2007 - "Reasons for removal were irregular astigmatism (n = 1), opacities in the graft and host cornea, and progressive myopia (n = 2). " 09/01/2000 - "Use of plasma-modified transplants may improve the efficiency of scleroplastic operations in progressive myopia and ocular injuries." 09/01/2002 - "Plasma-chemical modification of synthetic transplant material (proliferous silicone) intended for scleroplasty in progressive myopia was theoretically substantiated, developed in the experiment and tested in practice. "
5.	Contact Lenses 04/01/1999 - "Children with rapidly progressive myopia can wear rigid gas-permeable contact lenses to reduce the progression." 09/01/1990 - "Effects of contact lenses on clinical refraction and vision function were examined in patients with progressive myopia. " 09/01/1990 - "[Use of contact lenses in progressive myopia]." 01/01/1978 - "[Correction of progressive myopia with contact lenses after the operation for scleral reinforcement]." 04/01/1975 - "[Fitting of contact lenses in children and juveniles with progressive myopia (author's transl)]."