Microscopic Colitis

A condition characterized by chronic watery DIARRHEA of unknown origin, a normal COLONOSCOPY but abnormal histopathology on BIOPSY. This syndrome was first described in 1980 by Read and associates. Subtypes include COLLAGENOUS COLITIS and LYMPHOCYTIC COLITIS. Both have similar clinical symptoms and are distinguishable only by histology.

Also Known As:

Networked: 135 relevant articles (15 outcomes, 18 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Crohn Disease (Crohn's Disease)
2.	Collagenous Colitis
3.	Diarrhea
4.	Inflammation
5.	Lymphocytic Colitis

Experts

1.	Pardi, Darrell S: 5 articles (02/2014 - 05/2003)
2.	Ohlsson, Bodil: 4 articles (09/2013 - 01/2013)
3.	Roth, Bodil: 4 articles (09/2013 - 01/2013)
4.	Loftus, Edward V: 3 articles (02/2013 - 01/2006)
5.	Tremaine, William J: 3 articles (02/2013 - 01/2006)
6.	Sandborn, William J: 3 articles (02/2013 - 01/2006)
7.	Chande, Nilesh: 3 articles (07/2010 - 03/2005)
8.	Han, Dong Soo: 2 articles (05/2015 - 10/2012)
9.	Tysk, Curt: 2 articles (01/2015 - 01/2013)
10.	Kumawat, Ashok Kumar: 2 articles (01/2015 - 01/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Microscopic Colitis:

1.	Budesonide (Pulmicort)FDA LinkGeneric 06/21/2013 - "The treatment of microscopic colitis is mainly based on the use of budesonide, the only drug found effective in controlled clinical trials. " 07/01/2010 - "Budesonide is an effective treatment of microscopic colitis that is safe and well tolerated." 12/01/2008 - "Based on current evidence, oral budesonide represents an effective treatment option for patients with microscopic colitis to achieve and maintain remission. " 04/01/2013 - "Microscopic colitis (MC) is a common chronic diarrhoeal disease, and remission can be induced with budesonide. " 06/01/2003 - "Microscopic colitis is a disease of unknown aetiology characterized by chronic watery diarrhoea and diarrhoea can be eliminated by budesonide but frequently recurs when budesonide is stopped. "
2.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 10/01/2011 - "We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the short- and long-term efficacy of corticosteroids in treatment of microscopic colitis. " 02/01/2013 - "Outcomes of patients with microscopic colitis treated with corticosteroids: a population-based study." 09/01/2008 - "[Locally acting corticosteroids in microscopic colitis: are they the treatment of choice? " 05/01/2001 - "Many patients with microscopic colitis will respond to antidiarrheal medications or to anti-inflammatory therapy with 5-aminosalicylates, although a few require corticosteroids. " 09/01/2013 - "Many patients with microscopic colitis (MC) also suffer from symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but the only treatment given is corticosteroids for the diarrhoea. "
3.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 12/01/2011 - "The efficacy of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for microscopic colitis has never been reported. " 08/07/2015 - "Response rate 66%-100% was observed for use of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy for refractory microscopic colitis. " 04/01/2008 - "Human leucocyte antigen and TNFalpha polymorphism association in microscopic colitis." 11/21/2012 - "The use of anti-tumor necrosis factor-α agents, infliximab and adalimumab, constitutes a new, interesting tool for the treatment of microscopic colitis, but larger, adequately designed studies are needed to confirm existing data."
4.	Cholestyramine Resin (Questran)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2004 - "The goal of this study was to evaluate the anti-diarrhoeal effect of cholestyramine in non collagenous microscopic colitis. " 09/01/2004 - "Cholestyramine provides a rapid and adequate symptomatic relief of the diarrhoea in non collagenous microscopic colitis." 09/01/2004 - "Chronic diarrhoea in non collagenous microscopic colitis: therapeutic effect of cholestyramine." 10/01/2001 - "Patients with microscopic colitis who had BAM as well as a subgroup of eight collagenous colitis patients without BAM received treatment with cholestyramine. " 10/01/2001 - "Cholestyramine induced clinical remission in 19 of 22 patients with microscopic colitis and BAM, none of eight patients with collagenous colitis without BAM, and all patients with previously unexplained chronic diarrhea and BAM. "
5.	Mesalamine (Mesalazine)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2015 - "The efficacy of mesalazine in microscopic colitis is weak or remains uncertain. " 06/01/2007 - "Mesalazine with or without cholestyramine in the treatment of microscopic colitis: randomized controlled trial." 06/01/1994 - "This report reviews the response to treatment of 16 patients with microscopic colitis and provides evidence for the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid and corticosteroids." 01/01/2009 - "For a long time patients with microscopic colitis were treated with non-specific anti-diarrhoeal agents, anti-inflammatory agents such as mesalazine, or systemic steroids, but with disappointing results. "
6.	SteroidsIBA 11/01/2009 - "Patients with celiac disease and microscopic colitis have more severe villous atrophy and frequently require steroids or immunosuppressant therapies to control diarrhea." 05/01/2008 - "Steroids are the most effective treatment for microscopic colitis and budesonide is the most studied and effective therapy for MC. " 01/01/2009 - "For a long time patients with microscopic colitis were treated with non-specific anti-diarrhoeal agents, anti-inflammatory agents such as mesalazine, or systemic steroids, but with disappointing results. " 04/01/2013 - "Currently, topically acting oral steroids are an important therapeutic option for Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and microscopic colitis, being oral budesonide and oral beclomethasone established elements of the IBD armamentarium. "
7.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2003 - "We studied whether prednisolone could induce remission in patients with disabling, chronic diarrhoea due to microscopic colitis. " 10/01/2011 - "Prednisolone and budesonide for short- and long-term treatment of microscopic colitis: systematic review and meta-analysis."
8.	bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-bismol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1998 - "Efficacy of open-label bismuth subsalicylate for the treatment of microscopic colitis." 01/01/1998 - "It was hypothesized that bismuth subsalicylate would resolve both diarrhea and colonic inflammation in microscopic colitis because it possesses antidiarrheal, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. " 03/01/2007 - "Therapy is directed primarily at resolving the symptoms of microscopic colitis; bismuth subsalicylate, aminosalicylates, traditional corticosteroids, and budesonide have been evaluated. " 01/01/1998 - "Thirteen patients with microscopic colitis (7 with subepithelial collagen deposition and 6 without) were treated with eight chewable 262-mg bismuth subsalicylate tablets per day for 8 weeks. "
9.	Beclomethasone (Beclometasone)FDA Link 04/01/2013 - "At present, oral budesonide is the first-line therapy to induce remission in microscopic colitis and mild to moderate ileocaecal CD patients and oral beclomethasone is effective treating mild to moderate UC patients with left-sided or extensive disease. " 04/01/2013 - "Currently, topically acting oral steroids are an important therapeutic option for Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and microscopic colitis, being oral budesonide and oral beclomethasone established elements of the IBD armamentarium. "
10.	JYL 1421IBA 09/21/2007 - "JYL1421 in the post-inflammation group improved microscopic colitis and significantly decreased the VMR to CRD compared with vehicle (P<0.05, >/=30 mm Hg) but had no effect on the VMR to chemical stimulation. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2007 - "Microscopic colitis can be successfully treated with pharmacotherapy. " 03/01/2007 - "Pharmacotherapy for microscopic colitis." 05/01/2010 - "We describe colitis due to antibiotics, NSAIDS, laxatives, vasoconstrictive agents, oestroprogestatives, chemotherapy and drugs induced microscopic colitis. "
2.	Enema (Enemas) 11/01/2001 - "Ozone water enema may serve as a model of microscopic colitis." 11/01/2001 - "Ozone enema: a model of microscopic colitis in rats." 01/01/2014 - "Several studies have demonstrated oral budesonide's usefulness in treating active mild to moderate ileocecal Crohn's disease and microscopic colitis and in an enema formulation for left sided UC. " 08/01/1994 - "Minimal-change colitis and microscopic colitis are clinicopathological terms for diarrhoea with normal endoscopic or barium enema findings. "
3.	Cholecystectomy 08/01/2006 - "Cholecystectomy preceded the diagnosis of microscopic colitis in 12 cases (9%) compared with 17 (13%) in the control group (odds ratio [OR] 0.7; 95% CI 0.3-1.5). " 08/01/2006 - "However, the association between cholecystectomy and microscopic colitis has not been studied. " 08/01/2006 - "The aim of this study was to assess cholecystectomy and appendectomy as potential risk factors for the development of microscopic colitis in a nested case-control study. " 08/01/2006 - "In this population-based nested case-control study, no significant association was seen between cholecystectomy or appendectomy and the development of microscopic colitis or its subtypes." 08/01/2006 - "Rates of antecedent cholecystectomy or appendectomy in patients with microscopic colitis were compared with age-, gender-, and calendar year-matched community controls through conditional logistic regression. "
4.	Organ Transplantation 01/15/2008 - "The risk of microscopic colitis in solid-organ transplantation patients: a population-based study."
5.	Appendectomy 08/01/2006 - "Appendectomy preceded the diagnosis of microscopic colitis in 39 subjects (30%) compared with 28 (22%) in the control group (OR 1.6; 95% CI 0.9-2.7). " 08/01/2006 - "The aim of this study was to assess cholecystectomy and appendectomy as potential risk factors for the development of microscopic colitis in a nested case-control study. " 08/01/2006 - "In this population-based nested case-control study, no significant association was seen between cholecystectomy or appendectomy and the development of microscopic colitis or its subtypes." 08/01/2006 - "Rates of antecedent cholecystectomy or appendectomy in patients with microscopic colitis were compared with age-, gender-, and calendar year-matched community controls through conditional logistic regression. " 08/01/2006 - "Microscopic colitis is not associated with cholecystectomy or appendectomy."