Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction

Organic or functional motility disorder involving the SPHINCTER OF ODDI and associated with biliary COLIC. Pathological changes are most often seen in the COMMON BILE DUCT sphincter, and less commonly the PANCREATIC DUCT sphincter.

Also Known As:

Networked: 191 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 24 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pancreatitis
2.	Pathologic Constriction (Stenosis)
3.	Gastroparesis
4.	Esophageal Achalasia (Megaesophagus)
5.	Cholecystitis

Experts

1.	Fogel, Evan L: 7 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
2.	Wilcox, C Mel: 6 articles (01/2014 - 08/2003)
3.	Lehman, Glen A: 6 articles (05/2008 - 02/2002)
4.	Sherman, Stuart: 6 articles (05/2008 - 02/2002)
5.	Freeman, Martin L: 5 articles (10/2015 - 01/2004)
6.	Romagnuolo, Joseph: 5 articles (10/2015 - 05/2008)
7.	Watkins, James L: 5 articles (05/2008 - 04/2003)
8.	Toouli, J: 5 articles (01/2003 - 01/2000)
9.	Aliperti, Giuseppe: 4 articles (10/2015 - 07/2003)
10.	Testoni, Pier Alberto: 4 articles (12/2014 - 11/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction:

1.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 04/01/1998 - "Local injection of botulinum toxin has recently been suggested to be helpful in sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia by decreasing sphincter of Oddi pressure. " 09/01/1994 - "This study examined the hypothesis that locally injected botulinum toxin could also reduce sphincter of Oddi pressure in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 12/07/2014 - "In uncertain cases toxin botulin injection may help in identifying some sphincter of oddi dysfunction, but this treatment is not widely used. " 11/01/2000 - "Endoscopic botulinum toxin injection into the papilla of Vater is a safe procedure for treatment of pancreatic sphincter of Oddi dysfunction that may provide short-term relief in about 80% of the patients. " 06/01/1999 - "This case report describes the use of intrasphincteric botulinum toxin injection for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction in a patient after repeated attempts at manometry had failed. "
2.	Nifedipine (Adalat)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1992 - "Efficacy of nifedipine therapy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross over trial." 04/01/1993 - "Therefore, nifedipine (10 mg, three times a day) was compared with placebo in treating suspected type II sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia in 13 cholecystectomized patients in a 16-wk study period in a double-blind "cross-over" manner. " 09/01/2002 - "Nifedipine is used to treat sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 03/01/2002 - "Slow release nifedipine for patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia: results of a pilot study." 07/01/1994 - "Nifedipine for suspected type II sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia."
3.	Pain-FreeIBA 02/01/1990 - "Seven of nine (78%) sphincter of Oddi dysfunction patients had significant improvement in their symptoms after a mean follow up period of 12 months (range 6-19) although only six of nine were totally pain free. "
4.	gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPAIBA 10/01/2009 - "Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MR cholangiography could be effective in evaluation of biliary anatomy, differentiation of biliary from extrabiliary lesions, diagnosis of cholecystitis, assessment of bile duct obstruction, detection of bile duct injury including leakage and stricture, evaluation of biliary-enteric anastomoses, postprocedure evaluation, differentiation of biloma from other pathologic conditions, and evaluation of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. "
5.	Indomethacin (Indometacin)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2015 - "Erratum to: A Trial of Rectal Indomethacin to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis in Patients with Suspected Type 3 Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction." 08/01/2015 - "A Trial of Rectal Indomethacin to Prevent Post-ERCP Pancreatitis in Patients with Suspected Type 3 Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction."
6.	Primary sclerosing cholangitisIBA 08/01/2010 - "Magnetic resonance spectra were acquired from the bile of five CCA patients and compared with MRS of control bile from patients with benign biliary disease (seven with gallstones, eight with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction [SOD], five with primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC]). " 02/01/2005 - "Some steps of progress have been seen in the area of biliary therapeutic endoscopy, in the understanding and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis, problems relating to liver transplantation, malignant biliary strictures, and complications after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, as well as sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 02/01/2003 - "Some steps of progress have been seen in the area of biliary therapeutic endoscopy, in the understanding and management of primary sclerosing cholangitis, problems relating to liver transplantation, malignant biliary strictures, complications after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and tissue sampling. " 09/01/2011 - "In the prognostic model, the risk factors (precut) sphincterotomy, sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, younger age, female gender, history of pancreatitis, pancreas divisum, and difficult cannulation accounted for a score of 1 each, whereas primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) accounted for a score of 2. A sum score of 4 or more in the prognostic model was associated with a high risk of developing pancreatitis and cholangitis (27%; 6/22) in the prospective patient population, whereas a sum score of 3 or less was associated with a low to intermediate risk (8%; 20/252). " 01/01/2008 - "Therapeutic intervention was performed in 7 of 28 children initially evaluated by MRCP (2 sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, 2 choledocholithiasis, 2 primary sclerosing cholangitis, 1 congenital hepatic cysts) and 1 of 4 children initially evaluated by ERCP (primary sclerosing cholangitis). "
7.	SecretinFDA Link 09/01/2011 - "Secretin-stimulated magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is used for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD), but it does not correlate well with sphincter of Oddi manometry. " 10/01/2009 - "Both EUS and MRCP secretin kinetics were concordant in identifying two cases with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 05/01/2008 - "In patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, magnetic resonance pancreatography demonstrated PDD increase following secretin injection but did not predict the results of manometry." 05/01/2008 - "To measure main pancreatic duct diameter (PDD) with magnetic resonance pancreatography (MRP) before and after secretin injection in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) and to determine if the diameter change is predictive of sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM) results. " 05/01/2008 - "Comparison of secretin-stimulated magnetic resonance pancreatography and manometry results in patients with suspected sphincter of oddi dysfunction."
8.	Morphine (MS Contin)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2000 - "(99m)Tc-DISIDA with morphine provocation is a useful non-invasive investigation for types II and III sphincter of Oddi dysfunction to detect those with elevated sphincter basal pressures who may respond to endoscopic sphincterotomy." 01/01/2008 - "Morphine has been contraindicated for pain treatment in acute pancreatitis because of its presumed opioid-induced sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 11/01/1997 - "Since glyceryl trinitrate is able to overcome even the drastic effect of morphine, it might be of relevance in the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia." 03/01/1995 - "Evaluation of results of the prostigmine-morphine test with quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy: a new method for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia." 10/01/2007 - "The morphine-prostigmine provocation (Nardi) test for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: results in healthy volunteers and in patients before and after transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septectomy."
9.	BilirubinIBA 02/01/2015 - "Patients should also be classified by high-risk factors such as young age, female sex, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, a history of post-ERCP pancreatitis, and normal serum bilirubin, all of which have been identified in numerous research studies. " 11/01/2002 - "Among a number of patient-related factors recognized at risk for post-ERCP pancreatitis in four recent large prospective studies, the combination of female gender, normal serum bilirubin levels and recurrent abdominal pain suggesting sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and previous post-ERCP pancreatitis placed patients at an increasingly higher risk of pancreatitis. " 10/01/2001 - "Multivariate risk factors with adjusted odds ratios (OR) were prior ERCP-induced pancreatitis (OR 5.4), suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (OR 2.6), female gender (OR 2.5), normal serum bilirubin (OR 1.9), absence of chronic pancreatitis (OR 1.9), biliary sphincter balloon dilation (OR 4.5), difficult cannulation (OR 3.4), pancreatic sphincterotomy (OR 3.1), and 1 or more injections of contrast into the pancreatic duct (OR 2.7). " 06/01/1996 - "Five per cent of admitted subjects were subclassified as sphincter of Oddi dysfunction or biliary dyspepsia (BD), defined as biliary pain associated or not to bilirubin or alkaline phosphatase elevation, in the abscence of ultrasonographic evidence of gallstone disease or bile duct dilatation. "
10.	Neostigmine (Neostigmine Bromide)IBA 03/01/1995 - "Evaluation of results of the prostigmine-morphine test with quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy: a new method for the diagnosis of sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia." 10/01/2007 - "The morphine-prostigmine provocation (Nardi) test for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: results in healthy volunteers and in patients before and after transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septectomy." 11/01/1997 - "In this study the effect of glyceryl trinitrate on the prostigmine-morphine-induced sphincter of Oddi spasm was evaluated in nine female patients with sphincter of Oddi dyskinesia. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Endoscopic Sphincterotomy 08/01/2003 - "The efficacy of endoscopic treatment of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) with endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) remains controversial. " 03/01/1996 - "The efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction." 02/01/1990 - "We have studied sphincter of Oddi dysfunction patients to evaluate the effects of endoscopic sphincterotomy on both clinical symptoms and previously reported scintigraphic parameters to determine the efficacy of this method of treatment. " 01/01/2000 - "Manometry based randomised trial of endoscopic sphincterotomy for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction." 10/01/1998 - "We sought to study the utility of liver function test abnormalities concomitant with biliary symptoms in predicting a favorable response to endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with Geenen class II sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. "
2.	Cholecystectomy 06/01/2006 - "Recent studies suggest that microlithiasis is causative in up to 75% of patients with an unexplained attack and gallbladder in situ, whereas sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is most prevalent in those with recurrent attacks who have previously undergone cholecystectomy. " 05/01/2002 - "The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of choledochoscintigraphy compared with manometry in predicting outcome of sphincterotomy in post cholecystectomy patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. " 12/07/2014 - "Because occult bile stone disease and sphincter of oddi dysfunction account for the majority of cases, cholecystectomy, and eventually the endoscopic biliary and/or pancreatic sphincterotomy are curative in most of cases. " 02/24/2013 - "Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction usually occurs after cholecystectomy, but it can sometimes be detected in patients with intact gallbladder too. " 03/01/2010 - "Biliary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction type I versus occult biliary microlithiasis in post-cholecystectomy patients: are they both part of the same clinical entity?"
3.	Transhepatic Sphincterotomy 05/01/2008 - "Transduodenal sphincteroplasty in the management of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction and pancreas divisum in the modern era." 01/01/2002 - "Transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septectomy for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction." 01/01/1989 - "Transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septotomy for primary sphincter of Oddi dysfunction." 01/01/2003 - "The results from this series of patients re-affirm the efficacy of transduodenal sphincteroplasty and septoplasty for treatment of sphincter of Oddi stenosis in patients presenting with recurrent acute pancreatitis." 10/01/2007 - "The morphine-prostigmine provocation (Nardi) test for sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: results in healthy volunteers and in patients before and after transduodenal sphincteroplasty and transampullary septectomy."
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1991 - "Improved understanding of the controlling mechanisms of sphincter of Oddi motility and the pathophysiology of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction should assist in the development of effective pharmacotherapy for these disorders."
5.	Stents 01/01/2014 - "To study the relationship between stent caliber and PEP rates in patients with confirmed sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). " 12/01/2014 - "Female sex, age, difficult cannulation, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, metal stent placement, opacification of main pancreatic duct, and suprapapillary fistulotomy were not found to be risk factors for PEP by univariate and multivariate analysis. " 08/01/2013 - "In univariate analysis, 7 variables predicted PEP: younger age, female sex, suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD), pancreatic sphincterotomy, moderate-difficult cannulation (MDC), pancreatic stent placement, and lower Charlson score. " 12/01/2011 - "For high-risk ERCPs, including ampullectomy, pancreatic sphincterotomy, precut biliary sphincterotomy, known or suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, pancreatic guidewire-assisted biliary cannulation and endoscopic balloon sphincteroplasty, prophylactic pancreatic stent placement should be considered. " 07/14/2007 - "Pancreatic stents should be placed in all patients at high risk of this complication such as those undergoing pancreatic sphincterotomy, pancreatic duct manipulation and intervention, and patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction. "