Ganglion Cysts (Ganglion)

Nodular tumor-like lesions or mucoid flesh, arising from tendon sheaths, LIGAMENTS, or JOINT CAPSULE, especially of the hands, wrists, or feet. They are not true cysts as they lack epithelial wall. They are distinguished from SYNOVIAL CYSTS by the lack of communication with a joint cavity or the SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.

Also Known As:

Networked: 15713 relevant articles (235 outcomes, 1117 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Cluster Headache (Cluster Headaches)
3.	Glaucoma
4.	Headache (Headaches)
5.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)

Experts

1.	Park, Ki Ho: 36 articles (09/2022 - 03/2013)
2.	Calabresi, Peter A: 33 articles (01/2022 - 11/2009)
3.	Hara, Hideaki: 31 articles (01/2021 - 12/2002)
4.	Jeoung, Jin Wook: 30 articles (12/2020 - 03/2013)
5.	Paul, Friedemann: 29 articles (01/2022 - 08/2015)
6.	Saidha, Shiv: 29 articles (01/2022 - 02/2011)
7.	Shimazawa, Masamitsu: 29 articles (01/2021 - 07/2004)
8.	Nakahara, Tsutomu: 26 articles (01/2022 - 08/2009)
9.	Sakamoto, Kenji: 26 articles (01/2022 - 08/2009)
10.	Smith, Sylvia B: 26 articles (01/2022 - 11/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Ganglion Cysts:

1.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 11/01/2006 - "Together, these results show that the sampling gain of the ventral retina is significantly greater than the dorsal segment, that retinal specializations important for mediating acute vision are present in the parts of the visual field immediately above and below the surface of the water, and that visual functions related with the large ganglion cells require more even sampling across the visual field. " 01/01/2004 - "We showed in this study that the apoptotic cell numbers for retinal neural cells in the ganglion cell layer were significantly greater in the diabetic group than in the control group (p<0.01), as determined by the TUNEL assay. " 03/01/2023 - "Total retinal thickness, thickness of the photoreceptor and outer nuclear layers, and loss of ganglion cells significantly improved in the retina of the DG-treated T2D mice compared with those in the PBS-treated T2D mice. " 06/09/2022 - "Systemic and intravitreal delivery of AAV-PHP.eB resulted in the high transduction efficacy of retinal ganglion and horizontal cells, with systemic delivery providing pan-retinal coverage of the mouse retina. " 01/01/2021 - "Histomorphometric analyses revealed a significant reduction in the thickness of the ganglion cell layer and the outer retinal layers in the hypertensive animals, which also showed a positive strong signal of GFAP in the retinal outer segment and plexiform layers. "
2.	Hexamethonium (Hexamethonium Bromide)IBA 01/01/1994 - "Hexamethonium (0.5 mM) applied to the intestine, and not to the coeliac ganglion, reduced the frequency of the spontaneous synaptic potentials seen in coeliac ganglion cells, but did not abolish the response to distension of the colon (n = 8). " 05/04/1990 - "Administration of the nicotinic ganglion blocking agent hexamethonium (10 mg/kg i.v.) eliminated this response demonstrating that the release is mediated via an autonomic ganglion. " 09/01/1987 - "All studies were done during ganglion blockade with hexamethonium. " 01/01/2022 - "The depressor response to the ganglion blocker hexamethonium was increased in LP compared with control animals (p = 0.006). " 01/01/2020 - "Administration of hexamethonium, a ganglion blocker, abolished RIP-induced increase in plasma CCK levels and cardioprotective effects. "
3.	AtropineFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2022 - "Two and 52 cases in the control group, and 6 and 1 cases in the atropine group, exhibited a TCR during entry of the needle into the foramen ovale and at ganglion compression, respectively (P<0.05). " 01/01/2022 - "HR was reduced in both groups during entry of the needle into the foramen ovale and during ganglion compression, but less so in the atropine compared with the control group (P<0.05). " 01/01/2021 - "The Effect of Low-Dose Atropine on Alpha Ganglion Cell Signaling in the Mouse Retina." 08/01/1990 - "Atropine (5 microM) produced a significant increase in both spontaneous and evoked ACh release from the ganglion while depressing synaptic transmission. " 01/01/1985 - "The lowered ganglion cell acuities encountered with the atropinized cats must be attributable to a secondary effect of the atropine administration. "
4.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)IBA 02/14/2013 - "Notably, four TRP channels, TRPC4, TRPM4, TRPM8 and TRPV1, showed statistically significant variation in mRNA levels between DRGs from different segments, suggesting ganglion-specific regulation of TRP channel gene expression. " 08/01/1999 - "In NT3(+/-) embryos, the level of trkC mRNA in the trigeminal ganglion was much lower than that in wild-type embryos, although there was no significant reduction in the total number of neurons in the ganglion. " 05/07/1999 - "We modified and improved the method for direct reverse transcription in situ PCR and localized trkB mRNA in approximately one third of the neurons in the ganglion. " 01/01/2018 - "This study aims to investigate the distribution and change pattern of E2 in the ovary, hepatopancreas, thoracic ganglion and brain ganglion as well as Vg-mRNA expression level during ovarian development of Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. " 04/04/2014 - "In the present study, we reveal mRNA expression of both 5-HT3A and 5-HT3B receptor subunits in the mouse vestibular ganglion (VG) by RT-PCR and in situ hybridization (ISH). "
5.	Acetylcholine (Acetylcholine Chloride)FDA Link 10/01/1999 - "Local application of acetylcholine onto a single ganglion induced reproducibly and dose dependently action potential discharge demonstrating the feasibility of neuropharmacological studies. " 08/28/1989 - "The kinetics of desensitization of acetylcholine-evoked Cl conductance increased response of Aplysia RC neurons of the abdominal ganglion were studied under voltage-clamp conditions for comparison with results of similar studies on acetylcholine Na and K responses. " 01/01/2023 - "Acetylcholine-containing cholinergic neurons, known as starburst amacrine cells (SACs), play critical roles in the generation of precise neuronal activity in the retina and are located in the inner nuclear layer (INL, conventional) and ganglion cell layer (GCL, displaced). " 06/01/2013 - "Superior mesenteric ganglion-ovarian nerve plexus-ovary system removed and placed in one cuvette with two compartments, with acetylcholine added to the ganglion in the experimental group. " 06/01/2005 - "Patch-clamp recordings in whole-cell configuration revealed that at E12 approximately 21% of the ganglion cells responded to acetylcholine pulses with inward currents. "
6.	Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)IBA 03/01/2022 - "The number of patients receiving any opioid prescription also significantly decreased following CTR (30% vs 51%, P = .03) and ganglion excision (11% vs 53%, P < .01). " 07/01/2020 - "Panelists achieved agreement on the 4 quality indicators for measuring the proportion of patients undergoing carpal tunnel release, trigger finger release, first dorsal compartment release, or ganglion cyst excision who received structured counseling on opioid use. " 02/01/2001 - "Methods like Caudalis-DREZ-Lesion and specific techniques such as cervical superior ganglion infiltration with opioids are worth being mentioned." 07/05/1988 - "Opioids excite rather than inhibit sensory neurons after chronic opioid exposure of spinal cord-ganglion cultures." 04/05/1988 - "Both cord and ganglion components of the explants contain opioid-sensitive AC. "
7.	MelatoninIBA 08/01/2004 - "After the injection of melatonin, both INL HC expression and apoptotic ganglion nuclei in the SNP treated eyes were similar to the controls but the mIRLT was significantly greater than in controls (p = 0.006). " 04/20/2011 - "Previous studies have demonstrated that melatonin is effective in lowering intraocular pressure and that it may also protect ganglion cells. " 04/01/2020 - "We also found that melatonin is localized in the aphid suboesophageal ganglion (SOG) and in the thoracic ganglionic mass (TGM). " 11/01/2019 - "Results: The organ of Corti, spiral ganglion, vestibular ganglion, vestibular sensory cells, vestibular dark and transitional cells, and ES epithelial cells showed an immunofluorescence reaction to melatonin, MT1a and MT1b. " 01/01/2018 - "We investigated the actions of melatonin on neuronal excitability of intact dorsal root ganglions (DRG) from rats using intracellular recording techniques in current clamps. "
8.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 04/21/2016 - "Herein, we demonstrate a marked increase in protein expression of total mTOR and phospho-mTOR (p-mTOR) together with the up-regulation of phosphor-Nav1.8 (p-Nav1.8) prior to the mechanical withdrawal threshold reaching a significant reduction in dorsal root ganglions (DRGs). " 01/01/2020 - "Several studies have shown that it is possible to express an optogenetic protein in ganglion cells and make them light sensitive, a promising strategy to restore vision. " 05/01/2012 - "This study demonstrates that a 30K protein was gradually synthesized in primary-cultured motoneurons from the accessory planta retractor (APR) of the 6th abdominal ganglion (APR6) in silkworm ventral ganglia through stimulation of hemolymph. " 01/01/2008 - "The studies of co-localization of immunoreaction, on alternate serial sections of the anterior right parietal ganglion, have shown for several recognized mapped neurons that they can simultaneously be expressed among two and seven different ionic protein channels. " 04/15/2005 - "Studies with chick cochlear tissues reveal that Kv4.2 coprecipitates PPTX and that both proteins are colocalized to the sensory and ganglion cells. "
9.	Calbindin 2IBA 04/01/2017 - "The concordance of detection of ganglion cells and nerve fibers, and thereby diagnosis of Hirschsprung's and non-HD using calretinin and the gold standard was statistically in strong agreement (κ = 0.749, 95% confidence interval: 0.635-0.863). " 01/01/2019 - "Calretinin is helpful in identifying ganglion cells; however, it cannot replace an experienced paediatric pathologist. " 07/01/2017 - "Complete study of 13 appendices in TCA showed absence of ganglion cells, hypertrophic nerves, AChE activity, and calretinin staining. " 07/01/2015 - "Overall sensitivity in our study to diagnose presence or absence of ganglion cells by calretinin immunohistochemistry was 100% and the specificity is 97.44% with positive and negative predictive value of 84.62 % and 100 % respectively. " 08/25/2008 - "Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated colocalization of CFP with the ganglion cell markers NF-L, NeuN, Brn3a, and calretinin. "
10.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2021 - "Both trans-sacrococcygeal and trans-coccygeal approaches of ganglion Impar block with a combination of local anaesthetic and steroid are safe and effective for management of coccygodynia. " 01/01/2022 - "This study aims to compare the treatment outcomes of ganglion impar block (GIB) and caudal epidural steroid injection (CESI) in patients with chronic coccygodynia. " 01/01/2022 - "Comparison of treatment outcomes in chronic coccygodynia patients treated with ganglion impar blockade versus caudal epidural steroid injection: a prospective randomized comparison study." 08/01/2000 - "To that end, it was necessary to develop and standardise an in vitro coeliac ganglion-SON-ovary (coeliac ganglion-SON-O) experimental system that would enable study of the release of steroids in the ovary in the absence of humoral factors. " 10/01/2021 - "In-office musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) was used to diagnose a Hoffa's fat pad ganglion cyst and aid in targeted steroid injection. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2017 - "In conclusion, ultrasound-guided therapy is a safe and potentially effective treatment for most cases of symptomatic lower extremity ganglion cysts." 01/01/2023 - "CGN therapy destroyed ganglion cell structure and significantly inhibited celiac ganglia nerve viability. " 01/01/2023 - "This session leveraged recent clinical advances in autologous and allogeneic RPE replacement strategies to develop guidance for upcoming cell therapies for photoreceptors, retinal ganglion cells, and other ocular cell types. " 12/01/2022 - "Electrical stimulation, especially SCS and sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation, is a promising adjunct for existing therapies for vasospasm after SAH. " 11/18/2022 - "We investigated RGC replacement therapy as a treatment for ganglion cell loss. "
2.	Conservative Treatment 11/01/2021 - "This study highlights the role of conservative management with good outcomes in children with TZ bowel pull-through having hypertrophic nerve fibers and normal ganglion pattern. " 07/01/2015 - "Ganglion impar block appears to be effective in patients who have coccygodynia resistant to conservative therapy, with high success rates and prolonged duration of effect. " 07/01/2017 - "This article studies the effect of ganglion impar block in coccydynia patients who were not relieved by conservative management. " 06/01/2023 - "The purpose of this Technical Note is to describe the surgical treatment of an ACL ganglion cyst by arthroscopic resection of the entire posterolateral bundle of the ACL in a figure-of-four position after conservative treatment has failed." 01/01/2019 - "Between March 2013 and December 2015, 9 CCH patients, all of whom had failed to respond to conservative therapy, underwent VN with a precise nerve cut and maximal preservation of the sphenopalatine ganglion. "
3.	Injections 05/01/2016 - "The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of MR-guided percutaneous perineural ganglion impar injections. " 11/01/2010 - "Other interventional treatments such as intradiscal injections, ganglion impar block, radiofrequency treatment and caudal block are advised only under study conditions (0). " 05/15/1991 - "In the present study, the population size of surviving ganglion cells that have returned axon terminals to the correct tectal loci was estimated by counts of retrogradely labeled cells in retina-flat-mounts after tectal injections of HRP. " 03/01/2022 - "This article reviews injections for carpal tunnel, first dorsal compartment, trigger finger, ganglion cysts, trigger point, and plantar fascia. " 01/01/2022 - "Intracellular injections in marmoset and macaque retinas revealed that most Satb1 expressing ganglion cells are widefield ganglion cells. "
4.	Decompression 08/01/1993 - "Symptoms were relieved with no recurrence at 2 years after decompression and excision of the ganglion." 06/28/2019 - "These study results indicate the potential benefit of ultrasound scanning as a prognostic tool following decompression procedures for intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN." 06/28/2019 - "The results of this study demonstrate significant recovery from preoperative weakness after decompression of intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN. " 06/28/2019 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between clinical outcome and ultrasound-detected morphological nerve features following decompression of intraneural ganglion cysts of the CPN. " 07/01/1996 - "The objective of this study is to analyze the utility of microsurgical decompression of the second cervical (C2) root and ganglion as a treatment for CH. "
5.	Ligation 10/01/2020 - "Potential differential distributions of the receptors were observed between the premotor and motor neurons; these differences may contribute to the distinct physiological responses of the two neuron types to myosuppressin.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Premotor and motor neurons of the Homarus americanus cardiac ganglion (CG) are normally electrically and chemically coupled, and generate rhythmic bursting that drives cardiac contractions; we show that they can establish independent bursting patterns when physically decoupled by a ligature. " 01/01/2010 - "Therefore, using a sciatic nerve ligation (SNL) model, spatiotemporal changes in HGF and c-Met expression were detected in the dorsal root ganglions (DRGs) and lumbar spinal cords of adult rats. " 01/01/2010 - "Expression of HGF/c-Met is dynamically regulated in the dorsal root ganglions and spinal cord of adult rats following sciatic nerve ligation." 12/05/2008 - "The proximal intestines were pulled down and the mesenteric vessels were dissected with ligation until normal intestines were accessed; the presence of ganglion cells was determined by intraoperative rapid frozen section. " 07/01/2003 - "Using morphometry in the pancreas following pancreatic duct ligation, the total ganglion cell number was found to decrease from normal levels. "