Emphysematous Cholecystitis

A variant of acute cholecystitis with inflammation of the GALLBLADDER that is characterized by the pockets of gas in the gallbladder wall. It is due to secondary infection caused by gas-forming organisms, and has a high risk of perforation.

Also Known As:

Networked: 25 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Acute Cholecystitis
2.	Gallbladder Neoplasms (Gallbladder Cancer)
3.	Cholelithiasis
4.	Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor)
5.	Ileus

Experts

1.	Revzin, Margarita V: 1 article (02/2015)
2.	Smitaman, Edward: 1 article (02/2015)
3.	Israel, Gary M: 1 article (02/2015)
4.	Scoutt, Leslie: 1 article (02/2015)
5.	Kubo, Naoshi: 1 article (11/2013)
6.	Hirakawa, Kosei: 1 article (11/2013)
7.	Kuroda, Kenji: 1 article (11/2013)
8.	Amano, Ryosuke: 1 article (11/2013)
9.	Lee, Tomohiro: 1 article (11/2013)
10.	Sakurai, Katsunobu: 1 article (11/2013)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Emphysematous Cholecystitis:

1.	Dental Porcelain (Porcelain)IBA 06/01/1983 - "Dense echoes in the right upper quadrant were not always due to cholelithiasis but to emphysematous cholecystitis in one patient, porcelain gallbladder in a second, and agenesis of the gallbladder in a third." 09/01/2008 - "These include adenomyomatosis, cholesterolosis, polyps, porcelain gallbladder, acalculous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholecystitis, gallbladder cancer, and gallbladder hemorrhage. " 02/01/2015 - "These conditions are divided into four major categories: (a) congenital anomalies and normal variants including duplication, ectopia, and lymphangioma; (b) inflammatory processes and stone-related diseases and complications including adenomyomatosis, emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, gangrenous and hemorrhagic cholecystitis, perforation, gallstone ileus, and Bouveret and Mirizzi syndromes; (c) gallbladder neoplasms including adenocarcinoma with associated porcelain gallbladder, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, and neurofibroma. "
2.	Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitisIBA 01/01/1987 - "Unique findings are also available in emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, stones with gas (Mercedez-Benz sign), limy bile, and enhancement in acute cholecystitis. " 09/01/2008 - "These include adenomyomatosis, cholesterolosis, polyps, porcelain gallbladder, acalculous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, emphysematous cholecystitis, gallbladder cancer, and gallbladder hemorrhage. " 02/01/2015 - "These conditions are divided into four major categories: (a) congenital anomalies and normal variants including duplication, ectopia, and lymphangioma; (b) inflammatory processes and stone-related diseases and complications including adenomyomatosis, emphysematous cholecystitis, xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis, gangrenous and hemorrhagic cholecystitis, perforation, gallstone ileus, and Bouveret and Mirizzi syndromes; (c) gallbladder neoplasms including adenocarcinoma with associated porcelain gallbladder, squamous cell carcinoma, lymphoma, melanoma, and neurofibroma. "
3.	Insulin (Novolin)FDA Link 07/01/2005 - "This is the case of a 45 year-old man, with a history of chronic alcoholism, non insulin-dependent diabetes meIlitus and cholecystectomy with a high biliary drainage secondary to emphysematous cholecystitis and perivesicular abscess. "
4.	BariumIBA 01/01/2000 - "Diagnosis of emphysematous cholecystitis was achieved based on survey abdominal radiographs, a barium contrast gastrointestinal series, and abdominal ultrasound. "
5.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 05/01/2007 - "He was diagnosed with acute emphysematous cholecystitis, which was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy. "
6.	sunitinib (Sutent)FDA Link 05/01/2007 - "Emphysematous cholecystitis in a patient with gastrointestinal stromal tumor treated with sunitinib."
7.	tebufenozide (Mimic)IBA 05/01/1985 - "Gall bladder infarction: a radiographic mimic of emphysematous cholecystitis."
8.	tranilast (N 5')IBA 01/01/1990 - "Thirteen patients were cholecystectomized and the associated gallbladder pathology consisted of cholelithiasis (N = 5), cholesterolosis (N = 2), adenomyomatosis (N = 2), emphysematous cholecystitis (N = 2), and acute cholecystitis (N = 2). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cholecystectomy 01/28/2013 - "We then diagnosed the patient with emphysematous cholecystitis with perforation, and performed cholecystectomy. " 10/01/2010 - "Prompt diagnosis of emphysematous cholecystitis is critical, and the standard treatment is emergent cholecystectomy. " 10/01/2001 - "Between January 1996 and June 1999, 18 consecutive patients underwent cholecystectomy for emphysematous cholecystitis at our institution. " 10/01/1997 - "The apparently high mortality and morbidity associated with emphysematous cholecystitis has previously emphasized the importance of emergency cholecystectomy. " 07/01/2005 - "This is the case of a 45 year-old man, with a history of chronic alcoholism, non insulin-dependent diabetes meIlitus and cholecystectomy with a high biliary drainage secondary to emphysematous cholecystitis and perivesicular abscess. "
2.	Cholecystostomy 02/01/1993 - "We present two patients with emphysematous cholecystitis treated successfully by means of percutaneous cholecystostomy. " 11/01/1990 - "Percutaneous cholecystostomy drainage for the treatment of acute emphysematous cholecystitis." 05/01/2007 - "He was diagnosed with acute emphysematous cholecystitis, which was treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy. "
3.	Stents 11/01/1995 - "Emphysematous cholecystitis after endoscopic wallstent placement complicated by distal migration of the stent." 09/01/1995 - "Procedure related death was encountered in one patient (8.3%) who was complicated with emphysematous cholecystitis, combined with a slipping migration of the stent. " 11/01/1995 - "We report here on the case of a 58-year-old man with unresectable pancreatic cancer who developed emphysematous cholecystitis after endoscopic placement of a Wallstent, which was further complicated by distal migration of the stent. "
4.	Laparotomy 01/01/2007 - "His symptoms worsened, with a positive Murphy's sign, and emergency laparotomy was performed, with a diagnosis of emphysematous cholecystitis. " 01/01/2002 - "Plain radiography and computed tomography of the abdomen were carried out, and an emergency laparotomy was performed under a diagnosis of panperitonitis due to a perforation of the gallbladder caused by acute emphysematous cholecystitis. "
5.	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy 06/01/1994 - "We report three cases of emphysematous cholecystitis managed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. " 06/01/1994 - "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy: safe and feasible in emphysematous cholecystitis."