Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex (Calgranulin)

A member of the S-100 protein family that is present at high levels in the blood and interstitial fluid in several infectious, inflammatory, and malignant disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and cystic fibrosis. It is a complex of a light chain (CALGRANULIN A) and a heavy chain (CALGRANULIN B). L1 binds calcium through an EF-hand motif, and has been shown to possess antimicrobial activity.

Also Known As:

Networked: 897 relevant articles (48 outcomes, 140 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Kolho, Kaija-Leena: 24 articles (06/2015 - 06/2006)
2.	Sipponen, Taina: 18 articles (01/2015 - 01/2008)
3.	Day, Andrew S: 13 articles (10/2015 - 05/2006)
4.	Beglinger, Christoph: 13 articles (02/2015 - 12/2009)
5.	Fagerhol, Magne K: 12 articles (06/2012 - 08/2002)
6.	Chazin, Walter J: 9 articles (01/2016 - 06/2002)
7.	Bjarnason, Ingvar: 9 articles (10/2015 - 06/2002)
8.	Burri, Emanuel: 9 articles (02/2015 - 01/2011)
9.	Skaar, Eric P: 8 articles (01/2016 - 02/2008)
10.	Roth, Johannes: 8 articles (04/2015 - 11/2002)

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammation 08/01/2010 - "IBS-like symptoms are common in patients with IBD who are thought to be in clinical remission, but abnormal calprotectin levels suggest that the mechanism in most cases is likely to be occult inflammation rather than coexistent IBS." 11/01/2014 - "Because high levels of calprotectin support inflammation, calprotectin levels may help to discriminate CED and inflammatory causes of IDI." 09/01/2014 - "Rapid fecal calprotectin level assessment and the SIBDQ score can accurately detect active mucosal inflammation in IBD patients in clinical remission: a prospective study." 02/16/2012 - "To check the usefulness of blue mode (BM) review in lewis score (LS) calculation, by comparing it with respective LS results obtained by white light (WL) small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) review and mucosal inflammation as reflected by faecal calprotectin (FC) levels, considered as 'gold standard' for this study. " 06/01/2013 - "Serum levels of calprotectin as measured by ELISA were elevated in patients with active AAV and the levels decreased but did not normalize during remission, suggesting subclinical inflammation. "
2.	Crohn Disease (Crohn's Disease) 12/01/2013 - "A new rapid test for fecal calprotectin predicts endoscopic remission and postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease." 05/01/2004 - "Calprotectin concentration was significantly greater in patients with Crohn's disease compared with controls (n = 25, P <0.001) and patients with IBS (n = 25, P <0.001). " 08/01/2011 - "Faecal calprotectin is a reliable tool for predicting Crohn's disease (CD) relapse in patients with sustained remission. " 08/01/2014 - "We found no statistical difference in the concentrations of calprotectin between patients in endoscopic remission and patients with a recurrent disease one year after ileocaecal resection for Crohn's disease. " 01/01/2010 - "Considering the correlation obtained between calprotectin level and MRI findings, we believe that MRI is helpful in assessing and monitoring the degree of disease in Crohn's disease."
3.	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Inflammatory Bowel Disease) 01/01/2015 - "Levels of fecal calprotectin were significantly lower in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in remission when compared with active disease (P<0.001). " 01/01/2015 - "Low fecal calprotectin predicts sustained clinical remission in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a plea for deep remission." 01/01/2015 - "Comparing the efficacy of a web-assisted calprotectin-based treatment algorithm (IBD-live) with usual practices in teenagers with inflammatory bowel disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." 01/01/2015 - "Does fecal calprotectin predict short-term relapse after stopping TNFα-blocking agents in inflammatory bowel disease patients in deep remission?" 05/01/2013 - "Fecal calprotectin does not predict endoscopic remission in inflammatory bowel disease."
4.	Ulcerative Colitis 01/01/2016 - "Correlation Between Concentrations of Fecal Calprotectin and Outcomes of Patients With Ulcerative Colitis in a Phase 2 Trial." 02/01/2015 - "Pharmacological intervention based on fecal calprotectin levels in patients with ulcerative colitis at high risk of a relapse: A prospective, randomized, controlled study." 01/01/2012 - "This study aimed to evaluate fecal calprotectin as a marker of active disease in ulcerative colitis. " 10/01/2011 - "In the present study, we provide an up-to-date review of fecal markers of IBD, and further, provide a novel analysis of each of these fecal markers in severe ulcerative colitis and compare their expression pattern in contrast to calprotectin." 01/01/2016 - "We performed a post hoc analysis of data from a phase 2 trial to assess the relationship between the concentration of fecal calprotectin (FCP) and clinical and endoscopic outcomes of patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis receiving tofacitinib. "
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/01/2014 - "Whole recombinant Pichia pastoris expressing HPV16 L1 antigen is superior in inducing protection against tumor growth as compared to killed transgenic Leishmania." 04/01/2008 - "Recent studies indicate that circulating calprotectin may serve as a biomarker in some cancers. " 11/01/2015 - "Faecal calprotectin is elevated in patients with cancer of the upper gastrointestinal tract. " 05/01/2015 - "Common characteristics of all three S100/calgranulins were: (i) abundant expression in supra-basal keratinocytes of normal mucosa with predominant nuclear staining, (ii) low expression in 30.4-51.9% of primary OPSCCs and (iii) variable accumulation of S100/calgranulin-positive immune cells in the tumor stroma. " 12/01/2014 - "Low grade tumors were associated with significantly lower calprotectin concentrations than high grade tumors (351.9 vs. 1635.2 ng/ml, p = 0.004). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Lactoferrin
2.	C-Reactive Protein
3.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
4.	infliximab (Remicade)
5.	Antigens
6.	Hemoglobins (Hemoglobin)
7.	Osteopontin
8.	Mesalamine (Mesalazine)
9.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
10.	Antibodies

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)
2.	Restorative Proctocolectomy
3.	Ileostomy
4.	Colonic Pouches (S Pouch)
5.	Stem Cell Transplantation