Integrin alpha4

An integrin alpha subunit that is unique in that it does not contain an I domain, and its proteolytic cleavage site is near the middle of the extracellular portion of the polypeptide rather than close to the membrane as in other integrin alpha subunits.

Also Known As:

Networked: 78 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 15 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Ginsberg, Mark H: 4 articles (02/2009 - 11/2002)
2.	Bönig, Halvard: 2 articles (01/2014 - 03/2013)
3.	Kim, Yong-Mi: 2 articles (01/2014 - 03/2013)
4.	Park, Sun-Hwa: 2 articles (02/2010 - 06/2009)
5.	Lee, Yun Mi: 2 articles (02/2010 - 06/2009)
6.	Kim, Hyeon Soo: 2 articles (02/2010 - 06/2009)
7.	Uhm, Kyung-Ok: 2 articles (02/2010 - 06/2009)
8.	Lee, Eun Soo: 2 articles (02/2010 - 06/2009)
9.	Park, Joobae: 2 articles (11/2008 - 09/2008)
10.	Kim, Duk-Hwan: 2 articles (11/2008 - 09/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Crohn Disease (Crohn's Disease) 08/01/2001 - "A randomized placebo-controlled trial of a humanized monoclonal antibody to alpha4 integrin in active Crohn's disease." 01/01/2006 - "Lymphocyte infiltration into the intestinal tract in Crohn's disease (CD) is mediated by interaction between alpha4 integrin expressed on lymphocytes and its specific ligand mucosal vascular addressin cell adhesion molecule-1, expressed on the endothelial cells of the microvasculature in the inflamed intestinal tract. " 08/01/2001 - "This pilot placebo-controlled study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of natalizumab, a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody to alpha4 integrin, in patients with mild to moderately active Crohn's disease. " 01/02/2003 - "We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the alpha4 integrin-specific humanized monoclonal antibody natalizumab in 248 patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. " 01/01/2007 - "Natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal IgG(4) antibody to alpha4 integrin, was investigated as a treatment of active Crohn's disease (CD). "
2.	Multiple Sclerosis 01/01/2012 - "Integrin alpha4 mediates organ-specific migration of immune cells to the inflamed brain, thereby playing the critical role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. " 09/22/2000 - "Expression of alpha4 integrin by auto-reactive T cells is critical for their ability to induce EAE, an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in mice, used as a model to study human multiple sclerosis. " 11/01/1998 - "Previous studies have suggested that surface expression of alpha4 integrin by autoreactive T-cell clones is necessary for the clones to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for human multiple sclerosis. " 10/01/2006 - "In the studies performed to date, natalizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to alpha4 integrin, when administered intravenously at monthly intervals, appeared to be highly beneficial with respect to decreasing both relapse rate and contrast-enhancing lesions in multiple sclerosis. " 01/02/2003 - "Natalizumab is an alpha4 integrin antagonist that reduced the development of brain lesions in experimental models and in a preliminary study of patients with multiple sclerosis. "
3.	Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune Experimental) 12/01/2005 - "To determine the efficacy of a small molecule inhibitor of alpha4 integrin (CT301) at reversing the clinical, pathological and MR-detectable deficits associated with the acute phase of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). " 12/01/2005 - "Suppression of acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis with a small molecule inhibitor of alpha4 integrin." 10/01/2002 - "Prolonged reversal of chronic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis using a small molecule inhibitor of alpha4 integrin." 06/08/1999 - "mAbs directed against CD44 and integrin alpha4 prevented the transfer of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by myelin basic protein-specific T cells. " 11/01/1998 - "Previous studies have suggested that surface expression of alpha4 integrin by autoreactive T-cell clones is necessary for the clones to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model for human multiple sclerosis. "
4.	Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy 12/01/2007 - "Anti-integrin alpha4 therapies have been delayed by three progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy cases. " 11/01/2005 - "Most notably, natalizumab (Tysabri), a mAb against alpha4 integrin, was very effective in suppressing MS activity, but had to be withdrawn from the market because several treated patients developed progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. " 01/01/2006 - "Although the clinical trials showed that inhibition of alpha4 integrin was well tolerated, use of natalizumab in multiple sclerosis and CD has raised serious concerns about the association with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in a small number of patients, and the drug has been withdrawn from the market pending further safety evaluation. " 04/01/2006 - "The dramatic increase in the incidence of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) that occurred as a consequence of the AIDS pandemic and the recent association of PML with the administration of natalizumab, a monoclonal antibody to alpha4 integrin that blocks inflammatory cell entry into the brain, has stimulated a great deal of interest in this previously obscure viral demyelinating disease. " 01/01/2014 - "Natalizumab (NTZ), a monoclonal antibody recognizing the alpha4 integrin chain, has been approved for the treatment of active multiple sclerosis, but expose to the onset of a rare side effect, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). "
5.	Disease Progression 03/01/2000 - "Combinational treatment with both anti-beta7 and alpha4 integrin subunit antibodies led to more rapid and complete remission than that obtained with anti-alpha4 antibody alone, potentially implicating a role for alphaEbeta7 in disease progression. " 11/01/1997 - "Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) is expressed on the endothelium and vascular smooth muscle in atherosclerosis, where it is thought to recruit alpha4 integrin-positive leukocytes, which play a role in disease progression. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	natalizumab (Tysabri)
2.	Integrin alpha4beta1 (VLA-4)
3.	Antibodies
4.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)
5.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
6.	Monoclonal Antibodies
7.	CDP870
8.	adalimumab (Humira)
9.	infliximab (Remicade)
10.	Integrins

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Intravenous Injections
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)