Calreticulin

A multifunctional protein that is found primarily within membrane-bound organelles. In the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM it binds to specific N-linked oligosaccharides found on newly-synthesized proteins and functions as a MOLECULAR CHAPERONE that may play a role in PROTEIN FOLDING or retention and degradation of misfolded proteins. In addition calreticulin is a major storage form for CALCIUM and functions as a calcium-signaling molecule that can regulate intracellular calcium HOMEOSTASIS.

Also Known As:

Networked: 508 relevant articles (9 outcomes, 51 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Michalak, Marek: 14 articles (11/2015 - 12/2003)
2.	Wu, T-C: 14 articles (01/2015 - 08/2004)
3.	Zitvogel, Laurence: 14 articles (08/2013 - 01/2007)
4.	Kroemer, Guido: 14 articles (05/2013 - 01/2007)
5.	Hung, Chien-Fu: 10 articles (01/2015 - 08/2004)
6.	Ferreira, Arturo: 10 articles (07/2014 - 03/2004)
7.	Ghiringhelli, François: 9 articles (01/2013 - 01/2007)
8.	Apetoh, Lionel: 9 articles (01/2013 - 01/2007)
9.	Lee, Hsinyu: 8 articles (08/2015 - 02/2009)
10.	Cazzola, Mario: 7 articles (11/2014 - 12/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 09/01/2007 - "Our findings suggest that calreticulin could serve as a biomarker to predict therapy-associated immune responses, and that tactics to expose calreticulin might improve the clinical efficacy of many cancer therapies." 12/01/2015 - "Oncogenic Drivers in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: From JAK2 to Calreticulin Mutations." 10/01/2015 - "[Relationship between Calreticulin Gene Mutation and JAK2/MPL Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms]." 06/01/2015 - "Calreticulin gene mutations in the myeloproliferative neoplasms: Dameshek's other "myelostimulatory" factor." 06/01/2015 - "Calreticulin dysfunction is known to be associated with different cancers. "
2.	Shock 02/01/2015 - "calreticulin (CRT) and heat shock protein-90 (HSP90), from dying cells, is emerging to be crucial for therapeutic success. " 03/07/2006 - "IFN-gamma was maintained in a folding-competent form by calreticulin during heat-shock and released during subsequent recovery at 37 degrees C. " 02/01/2002 - "A 377-bp fragment encoding the C-domain and ER retention signal from the maize calreticulin gene was fused to a gene for the green fluorescent protein and expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of a heat shock promoter. " 12/01/1997 - "The present data provide direct evidence that calreticulin expression can be modulated by heat shock. " 12/01/1997 - "In this report we show that calreticulin protein is strongly induced by heat shock. "
3.	Inflammation 03/01/1997 - "We conclude that calreticulin, once released from neutrophils during inflammation, may not only induce an antigenic reaction, but, under defined conditions, may also interfere with C1q-mediated inflammatory processes." 05/01/1997 - "Following its release from cells during infection and inflammation, calreticulin (CRT) can act as an autoantigen in diseases such as SLE. " 02/01/2007 - "We propose that adiponectin protects the organism from systemic inflammation by promoting the clearance of early apoptotic cells by macrophages through a receptor-dependent pathway involving calreticulin." 09/01/2012 - "Proteinase 3, the autoantigen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis, associates with calreticulin on apoptotic neutrophils, impairs macrophage phagocytosis, and promotes inflammation." 01/01/2010 - "Experimental systemic inflammation achieved in mice and rabbits by a single injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide significantly increased Grp75 and calreticulin but not MHC-I expression in muscles. "
4.	Umbilical Hernia (Omphalocele) 03/08/1999 - "Mice homozygous for the calreticulin gene disruption developed omphalocele (failure of absorption of the umbilical hernia) and showed a marked decrease in ventricular wall thickness and deep intertrabecular recesses in the ventricular walls. " 01/01/2010 - "Disruption of calreticulin-mediated cellular adhesion signaling in the cadmium-induced omphalocele in the chick model."
5.	Vaccinia 09/28/2004 - "An innovative vaccine administering antigen linked to calreticulin via a vaccinia vector may generate a potent antigen-specific antitumor response. " 09/28/2004 - "We tested the efficacy of linking calreticulin (CRT) to model antigen human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV-16) E7 in the context of a vaccinia vaccine (Vac-CRT/E7). " 09/28/2004 - "Enhancement of vaccinia vaccine potency by linkage of tumor antigen gene to gene encoding calreticulin."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Antigens
2.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
3.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
4.	glucose-regulated proteins
5.	Protein Disulfide-Isomerases
6.	DNA Vaccines
7.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)
8.	endoplasmic reticulum glycoprotein p72
9.	Adiponectin
10.	1-phenyl-3,3-dimethyltriazene (PDT)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Ischemic Postconditioning
3.	Immunomodulation
4.	Radiotherapy
5.	Immunotherapy