Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction

A condition characterized by a broad range of progressive disorders ranging from TENOSYNOVITIS to tendon rupture with or without hindfoot collapse to a fixed, rigid, FLATFOOT deformity. Pathologic changes can involve associated tendons, ligaments, joint structures of the ANKLE, hindfoot, and midfoot. Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is the most common cause of acquired flatfoot deformity in adults.

Also Known As:

Networked: 83 relevant articles (5 outcomes, 6 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Congenital Abnormalities (Deformity)
2.	Flatfoot (Flat Feet)
3.	Pain (Aches)
4.	Tendinopathy (Tendonitis)
5.	Rheumatoid Arthritis

Experts

1.	Zgonis, Thomas: 2 articles (01/2016 - 04/2009)
2.	Stapleton, John J: 2 articles (01/2016 - 04/2009)
3.	Weber, Martin: 2 articles (01/2015 - 11/2008)
4.	Neville, Christopher: 2 articles (05/2012 - 03/2009)
5.	Juliano, Paul J: 2 articles (12/2010 - 12/2002)
6.	Houck, Jeff R: 2 articles (11/2009 - 03/2009)
7.	Lui, Tun Hing: 2 articles (08/2007 - 11/2005)
8.	Johnson, Jeffrey E: 2 articles (08/2004 - 09/2003)
9.	Hockenbury, R T: 2 articles (09/2001 - 04/2001)
10.	Sammarco, G J: 2 articles (09/2001 - 04/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction:

1.	CollagenIBA 02/01/2008 - "In this study, we characterized the morphologic pattern and distribution of types I, III and V collagen in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. " 03/01/2002 - "In posterior tibial tendon dysfunction syndrome, the degenerative process results from marked changes in both structural organization and molecular composition of matrix collagens. " 03/01/2002 - "To investigate whether tendon degeneration in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction syndrome is associated with changes in extracellular matrix collagen composition. " 03/01/2002 - "Changes in collagen matrix composition in human posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 02/01/2008 - "Fibrillogenesis in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is altered due to higher expression of types III and V collagen and a decreased amount of collagen type I, which renders the originating fibrils structurally less resistant to mechanical forces."
2.	salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM)IBA 01/01/2015 - "After clinical diagnosis and clarification of inclusion criteria (e.g., age 40-70, current complaint of foot and ankle pain more than three months, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction stage I & II, longitudinal arch flattening verified by radiography), sixty participants with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction associated complaints will be included in the study and will be randomly assigned to one of three different intervention groups: (i) foot orthoses only (FOO), (ii) foot orthoses and eccentric exercise (FOE), or (iii) sham foot orthoses only (FOS). "
3.	Collagen Type I (Type I Collagen)IBA 02/01/2008 - "Fibrillogenesis in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction is altered due to higher expression of types III and V collagen and a decreased amount of collagen type I, which renders the originating fibrils structurally less resistant to mechanical forces."
4.	Estrogens (Estrogen)FDA Link 12/01/2010 - "Estrogen receptor expression in posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a pilot study."
5.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA 03/01/2002 - "Standardized sonographic delineation of the posterior tibial tendon using high-frequency ultrasonography with quantitative evaluation of the transverse section may confirm or exclude the clinical suspicion of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and can serve as a complement to magnetic resonance imaging."
6.	AntibodiesIBA 02/01/2008 - "Tendon samples from patients with and without posterior tibial tendon dysfunction were stained by immunofluorescence using antibodies against types I, III and V collagen. "
7.	Synostoses, tarsal, carpal, and digitalIBA 08/01/2007 - "Some of the conditions that can be dealt with arthroscopically are as follows: hallux valgus deformity, lesser toe deformity, first metatarsophalangeal instability, cock-up deformity of the big toe, peroneal tendon instability, lateral ankle and subtalar instability, hindfoot deformity or arthrosis, first metatarsocuneiform hypermobility, Lisfranc joint arthrosis, various stages of posterior tibial tendon insufficiency, foot and ankle arthrofibrosis, late complications after calcaneal fracture, acute and chronic Achilles tendon rupture, insertional Achilles tendinopathy, entrapment of the first branch of the lateral plantar nerve, Freiberg's infarction, flexor digitorum longus tenosynovitis, flexor hallucis longus pathology, calcaneonavicular coalition or "too-long" anterior process of the calcaneus, and ganglions. "
8.	A 7 (A-7)IBA 08/01/2008 - "Results of non-surgical treatment of stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction: a 7- to 10-year followup."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Arthrodesis 10/01/2013 - "Radiographic correction of stage III posterior tibial tendon dysfunction with a modified triple arthrodesis." 05/01/2011 - "Furthermore, we feel that the use of flexor digitorum longus transfer, as well as triple arthrodesis, can be avoided without compromising the outcome when surgically treating posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 08/01/2007 - "From October 2000 to February 2006, 31 patients (18 males, 13 females; age 23-62 years, averaged 36.4 years) with serious subtalar joint osteoarthrisis and stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction were treated by the subtalar arthrodesis. " 08/01/2007 - "To assess the curative effect of the subtalar arthrodesis on the serious subtalar joint with the posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. " 07/01/2001 - "[Medial flexor digitorum longus tendon augmentation and lateral foot column lengthening or reorienting triple arthrodesis as surgical therapy of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction]."
2.	Osteotomy 12/01/2002 - "Our experience, at an intermediate date follow-up is that calcaneal osteotomy and flexor digitorum longus transfer is a safe and effective form of treatment for stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 05/01/2009 - "This study provides a biomechanical rationale for medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy treatments for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 03/01/1999 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the combination of talonavicular fusion and Evans calcaneal osteotomy for the treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. " 01/01/2016 - "The Cobb procedure is useful for addressing stage 2 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction and is often accompanied by a medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy and/or lateral column lengthening. " 03/01/2015 - "Flexor digitorum longus transfer and medial displacement calcaneal osteotomy is a well-recognised form of treatment for stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. "
3.	Orthotic Devices (Orthosis) 01/01/2006 - "This study suggests that many patients with stage I and II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction can be effectively treated nonoperatively with an orthosis and structured exercises." 05/01/2012 - "Data are limited on the various orthotic devices available for patients with Stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD). " 05/01/2012 - "Effect of ankle-foot orthotic devices on foot kinematics in Stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 11/01/2009 - "No head-to-head comparisons of different orthoses for patients with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) have been performed to date. " 11/01/2009 - "Choosing among 3 ankle-foot orthoses for a patient with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction."
4.	Tendon Transfer 01/01/2016 - "Tibialis Anterior Tendon Transfer for Posterior Tibial Tendon Insufficiency." 01/01/2016 - "The modified Kidner procedure and flexor digitorum longus tendon transfer are common procedures used today when addressing posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. " 01/01/2016 - "Flexor Digitorum Longus Tendon Transfer and Modified Kidner Technique in Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction." 11/01/2012 - "Twenty-five patients, ages 42 to 71 years, underwent MDCO with FDL tendon transfer for stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. " 06/01/2012 - "Patients undergoing surgery for posterior tibial tendon dysfunction may require tendon transfer. "
5.	Braces 03/01/2009 - "To investigate the effect of inflation of the air bladder component of the AirLift PTTD brace on relative foot kinematics in subjects with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD). " 03/01/2009 - "Effects of the AirLift PTTD brace on foot kinematics in subjects with stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction." 11/01/2008 - "Shell brace for stage II posterior tibial tendon insufficiency." 09/01/2003 - "Nonoperative treatment of posterior tibial tendon dysfunction can be successful with the Arizona AFO brace, particularly when treatment is initiated in the early stages of the disease. "