Hyperuricemia

Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.

Networked: 2377 relevant articles (135 outcomes, 291 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Gout
2.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
3.	Renal Insufficiency (Renal Failure)
4.	Tumor Lysis Syndrome
5.	Hematologic Neoplasms (Hematological Malignancy)

Experts

1.	Johnson, Richard J: 49 articles (01/2016 - 06/2002)
2.	Nakagawa, Takahiko: 23 articles (09/2013 - 06/2002)
3.	Hosoya, Tatsuo: 20 articles (09/2015 - 01/2008)
4.	Kang, Duk-Hee: 18 articles (07/2014 - 06/2002)
5.	Kong, Ling-Dong: 17 articles (08/2015 - 10/2009)
6.	Choi, Hyon K: 16 articles (05/2014 - 06/2007)
7.	Ichida, Kimiyoshi: 16 articles (04/2014 - 01/2008)
8.	Yamamoto, Tetsuya: 15 articles (09/2015 - 01/2004)
9.	Fujimori, Shin: 12 articles (09/2015 - 06/2004)
10.	Yamanaka, Hisashi: 11 articles (09/2015 - 01/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hyperuricemia:

1.	Uric Acid (Urate)IBA 10/01/2013 - "Small clinical trials have suggested that uric acid-lowering therapies may be beneficial in such patients; however, a consensus on the treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia is lacking. " 04/01/2012 - "Overall serum uric acid (UA) concentration increased, whereas in patients with hyperuricemia there was a significant reduction in this value. " 10/01/2008 - "Early screening for hyperuricemia and lowering serum uric acid levels might be beneficial in slowing progression of IMT in hypertensive patients." 03/01/2014 - "Better understanding of the transporters URAT1 and ABCG2 in particular would appear to provide opportunities for more selective, better tolerated agents to increase the renal clearance of uric acid and thereby control hyperuricemia. " 10/23/2015 - "Measurement of salivary UA is a noninvasive and useful way for monitoring the status of hyperuricemia and the therapeutic efficacy of urate-lowering therapy. "
2.	Allopurinol (Remid)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2013 - "Allopurinol is associated with a small but significant reduction in BP. This effect can be potentially exploited to aid in controlling BP in hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia." 01/01/2004 - "Therefore, allopurinol may be beneficial in the prevention of LDL oxidation, as well as in the treatment of hyperuricemia. " 04/01/1999 - "Allopurinol is effective in controlling hyperuricemia, but patients with higher initial Sur levels or taking concomitant diuretic therapy are less prone to reach therapeutic goals.Benzbromarone" 03/13/2015 - "Anti-hyperuricemia effects of allopurinol are improved by Smilax riparia, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine." 01/01/2014 - "We found that treatment of hyperuricemia with allopurinol is associated with an improvement in the endothelial-dependent, but not with the endothelial-independent vasodilatation."
3.	rasburicase (Elitek)FDA Link 06/01/2012 - "Rasburicase is highly effective for prevention and management of hyperuricemia in adults at risk for TLS. " 01/01/2008 - "A single dose of rasburicase is highly effective and well tolerated in the treatment of hyperuricemia in selected CKD patients." 01/01/2006 - "Although further pharmacoeconomic data would be useful, rasburicase was most cost effective for the prevention of hyperuricemia in children and for treatment of this condition in adults. " 09/01/2010 - "Shorter courses or smaller doses of rasburicase than those recommended may be effective in reducing hyperuricemia in some patients, but it is important to recognize that the alternative dosing still awaits validation. " 04/01/2014 - "These results demonstrated that recombinant rasburicase that is indigenously developed is effective for prevention and management of hyperuricemia in patients who are at high risk of developing TLS."
4.	febuxostatFDA Link 09/14/1993 - "These results suggest that TEI-6720 may be useful for the treatment of hyperuricemia." 12/01/2015 - "Efficacy of Febuxostat for Slowing the GFR Decline in Patients With CKD and Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia: A 6-Month, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial." 01/01/2014 - "In the current study, we investigated the effects of oral febuxostat in patients with advanced CKD with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. " 01/01/2014 - "In this preliminary report, we present 12-16 week results from a multicenter, general practice study in which we evaluated the usefulness of febuxostat in a cohort of untreated patients with hyperuricemia with a high prevalence of CVD. " 09/01/2015 - "We assessed the efficacy and adverse effects of febuxostat in male hyperuricemia patients. "
5.	Urate Oxidase (Uricase)IBA 11/01/2015 - "The yeast extract and uricase inhibition method were used to build hyperuricemia model, and the corresponding drugs were administrated on the 7th day. " 06/10/2015 - "Urate oxidase (Uox), a therapeutic enzyme for treatment of hyperuricemia, is a homotetramer with multiple surface lysines, limiting conventional approaches for albumination. " 01/01/2015 - "Urate oxidase is considered as an important therapeutic enzyme used to control hyperuricemia. " 01/01/2012 - "The effect of hyperuricemia induced by uricase inhibition in rats on renal mitochondrial integrity was also assessed. " 01/01/2012 - "Uricase has proven therapeutic value in treating hyperuricemia but sufficient reduction of its immunogenicity may be the largest obstacle to its chronic use. "
6.	Xanthine OxidaseIBA 11/01/2008 - "The xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activity and anti-hyperuricemia effect in mice of Cinnamomum osmophloeum, which is an endemic tree in Taiwan, were evaluated in this study. " 03/13/2015 - "The attenuation of hyperuricemia-induced renal dysfunction was linked to the inhibition of both serum and hepatic xanthine oxidase (XOD), the down-regulation of renal mURAT1 and mGLUT9, and the up-regulation of mOAT1. " 02/23/2015 - "SLW at the dose of 125 mg/kg has proved to be active in reducing hyperuricemia and was capable to inhibit the hepatic xanthine oxidase enzyme (XOD). " 07/01/2014 - "Xanthine oxidase is considered as a potential target for treatment of hyperuricemia. " 07/01/2013 - "We have no information on medications used, such as xanthine oxidase, uricosuric drugs and hypotensives; therefore, the impact of hyperuricemia might be underestimated in our analysis. "
7.	Losartan (Cozaar)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "101 hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia were detected the genotypes of URAT1 rs1529909 and rs3825016 and undergo a 2-weeks following losartan treatment. " 07/01/2015 - "URAT1 gene polymorphisms influence uricosuric action of losartan in hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia." 01/01/2013 - "In patients with hyperuricemia and impaired renal function, a maximum dose of losartan may be more beneficial." 11/01/1999 - "Safety of losartan in hypertensive patients with thiazide-induced hyperuricemia." 11/01/2009 - "Losartan may be an effective agent for treatment of hyperuricemia and PTE in Han Chinese patients after kidney transplantation. "
8.	CreatinineIBA 01/01/2015 - "High LDH and hyperuricemia were detected in 15% each and elevated serum creatinine was seen in 11.6%. " 01/01/2014 - "Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the levels of serum creatinine and tubular interstitial injury as independent factors for hyperuricemia. " 01/01/2014 - "Univariate analysis showed that the level of serum creatinine and the severity of glomerular and tubular interstitial injury were significantly related to hyperuricemia. " 06/01/2009 - "Hyperuricemia is significantly predicted by anthropometric measure of SFT which is a simple clinical screening method along with creatinine levels." 06/01/2009 - "Sum of skinfold thickness (SFT) measurements and creatinine levels were the independent predictors of hyperuricemia (beta = 0.45, 0.47, respectively). "
9.	BenzbromaroneIBA 01/01/2015 - "Second, the intracellular antioxidant activity of benzbromarone in hyperuricemia was evaluated using endothelial cells. " 01/01/2015 - "Direct radical scavenging activity of benzbromarone provides beneficial antioxidant properties for hyperuricemia treatment." 07/01/2013 - "Its effects were similar with that of benzbromarone, but with no significant effect on XOD and urinary volume of chronic hyperuricemia rats. " 12/01/2011 - "These results suggest that benzbromarone is applicable to the management of hyperuricemia associated with renal impairment." 09/01/2011 - "99 patients with hyperuricemia were randomly assigned to the XCR group, the Benzbromarone group, and the blank control group. "
10.	purineIBA 11/01/2014 - "This study evaluated a quail model of induced hyperuricemia with other metabolic disorders caused by a high-purine diet. " 05/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to investigate associations between high purine-content foods and protein intake with the prevalence of hyperuricemia by using data from a cross-sectional study of 3978 men aged 40-74 yrs living in Shanghai, China. " 05/01/2012 - "Purine-rich foods, protein intake, and the prevalence of hyperuricemia: the Shanghai Men's Health Study." 06/01/2001 - "Considering the cost x benefit relationship, a diet low in purine should be the 1st therapeutic option for controlling hyperuricemia in patients with similar characteristic to the ones presented in this study." 05/01/2015 - "Compared with high purine diet, the hyperuricemia model induced by lipid emulsion forms earlierand more stable. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2003 - "Although these measures are usually effective in preventing or managing hyperuricemia, approximately 20% of patients at high risk of TLS require dialysis, and many cannot receive chemotherapy as planned. " 01/01/2014 - "Nevertheless, there is no evidence that rationalizes pharmacotherapy for patients with hyperuricemia who have no complication and whose SUA concentration is below 9.0 mg/dL. " 01/01/2013 - "Pharmacotherapy for hyperuricemia in hypertensive patients." 03/01/2003 - "Hyperuricemia is a common manifestation of lymphoid malignancies at diagnosis or after the start of chemotherapy. " 01/01/2003 - "[Drug therapy for idiopathic hyperuricemia--introduction, dose, and side effects]."
2.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 09/01/2014 - "Clinical studies of recent years have shown that hyperuricemia is associated with poor outcomes such as cardiovascular mortality and dialysis inadequacy in patients undergoing hemodialysis. " 12/01/2015 - "The patient's hyperuricemia was managed with rasbu-ricase and hemodialysis. " 10/01/2015 - "Endothelial dysfunction is often found in both hyperuricemia and hemodialysis patients. " 06/01/2007 - "SCD can decrease the serum level of UA effectively and reduce the incidence of complication of hyperuricemia to some extent, as hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis can." 06/01/2007 - "[Comparative study on sequential colon dialysis, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis in patients with hyperuricemia]."
3.	Kidney Transplantation 05/01/2014 - "MZR is an effective and safe immunosuppressive agent and high-dose MZR can be recommended as an alternative to MMF following adult renal transplantation in Asia, but hyperuricemia and liver damage should be closely monitored during the medication period." 07/06/2015 - "Asymptomatic hyperuricemia following renal transplantation." 05/01/2013 - "Hyperuricemia is a common complication after renal transplantation. " 10/01/2012 - "Hyperuricemia is a common complication after kidney transplantation that may adversely affect graft survival. " 07/27/2012 - "Hyperuricemia at 1 year after renal transplantation, its prevalence, associated factors, and graft survival."
4.	Chinese Traditional Medicine (Traditional Chinese Medicine) 05/01/2015 - "It maybe has great value to study the pharmacodynamics of traditional Chinese medicine treatment to hyperuricemia disease. " 02/23/2015 - "Xie-Zhuo-Chu-Bi-Fang (XZCBF) is an empirical formula that was developed based on the principles of traditional Chinese medicine, for the therapeutic purpose of treating hyperuricemia. " 01/01/2014 - "Reports have suggested that the traditional Chinese medicine Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma attenuates hyperuricemia, but its mechanism is unclear. " 11/18/2014 - "The roots and rhizomes of Smilax riparia (SR), called "Niu-Wei-Cai" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), are believed to be effective in treating hyperuricemia and gout symptoms. " 03/02/2010 - "Sanmiao wan (SMW) is widely used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia in traditional Chinese medicine. "
5.	Transplants (Transplant) 04/01/2015 - "Hyperuricemia prevalence after renal transplant is reported as 19% to 84% in different studies. " 07/01/2012 - "This study is designed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of late post-transplant hyperuricemia in pediatric recipients. " 01/01/2011 - "This study was designed to explore whether early-onset hyperuricemia has clinical significance regardless of graft function. " 12/15/2005 - "Graft function was estimated using MDRD Study Equation 7. At baseline, 70% RTR had hyperuricemia (UA >7.0 mg/dl (0.42 mmol/L) in men and >6.0 mg/dl (0.36 mmol/L) in women) compared to 80% after 2.2 years (P=0.06). " 01/01/2015 - "Hyperuricemia was significantly an independent predictor of pure graft failure (hazard ratio=4.01, 95% CI: 1.25-12.91, P=0.02) after adjustment. "