Peroxynitrous Acid (Peroxynitrite)

A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).

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Networked: 1574 relevant articles (46 outcomes, 213 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Szabó, Csaba: 34 articles (06/2012 - 05/2002)
2.	Cuzzocrea, Salvatore: 31 articles (12/2014 - 02/2002)
3.	Salvemini, Daniela: 30 articles (12/2014 - 06/2002)
4.	Esposito, Emanuela: 16 articles (12/2014 - 10/2006)
5.	Liaudet, Lucas: 14 articles (03/2013 - 05/2002)
6.	Groves, John T: 12 articles (11/2014 - 10/2002)
7.	Tokuda, Harukuni: 12 articles (06/2012 - 10/2002)
8.	Mazzon, Emanuela: 12 articles (11/2010 - 11/2002)
9.	Pacher, Pal: 11 articles (03/2013 - 06/2005)
10.	Cuzzocrea, S: 11 articles (01/2008 - 01/2000)

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammation 02/26/1999 - "Protection against peroxynitrite is important for defense of normal tissue, especially during inflammation. " 06/16/2004 - "The aim of this study was to test whether peroxynitrite neutralizers would reduce peroxynitrite accumulation and improve myocardial contractile dysfunction and inflammation in endotoxin-treated rats. " 06/19/1998 - "Our studies thus provide compelling evidence for the involvement of peroxynitrite in cytokine-mediated cellular injury and suggest the therapeutic potential of PN decomposition catalysts in reducing cellular damage at sites of inflammation." 01/01/2015 - "This concerns especially two vicious cycles, one of peroxynitrite formation driven by inflammation or overexcitation, another one of inflammaging driven by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and additionally the loss of dynamics in a deteriorating circadian multioscillator system." 01/01/2013 - "Peroxynitrite--altered platelet mitochondria--a new link between inflammation and hemostasis."
2.	Reperfusion Injury 02/01/2012 - "The observed protective effects imply that catalytic peroxynitrite decomposition could be a novel therapeutic option in the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury." 12/01/2013 - "The goal of the present study was to determine the effect of ischemia-reperfusion injury on the myogenic reactivity of cerebral vessels from both hemispheres and whether protein nitration due to excess peroxynitrite production is the underlying mechanism of loss of tone. " 01/01/1997 - "Conversely, other studies suggest that NO exacerbates reperfusion injury by inducing the production of peroxynitrite. " 07/01/2015 - "Rapid ventricular pacing-induced postconditioning attenuates reperfusion injury: effects on peroxynitrite, RISK and SAFE pathways." 01/01/2008 - "Scavenging of peroxynitrite reduces renal ischemia/reperfusion injury."
3.	Ischemia 04/01/2007 - "The use of the peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst (FeTPPS) may help to improve myocardial preservation during a prolonged ischemia sequence." 11/01/2010 - "Because the renal ischemic injury is associated with outer medullary (OM) endothelial dysfunction, the present study evaluated sex differences in OM changes of NO and peroxynitrite levels (by differential pulse voltammetry and amperometry, respectively) during 45 min of ischemia and 60 min of reperfusion in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. " 05/12/2003 - "Recent studies have shown that peroxynitrite is the primary mediator of DNA damage and, hence, PARP activation after ischemia. " 04/01/1999 - "In the present study we show for the first time a significant decrease of the octamer/dimer ratio in vivo, related to ischemia-induced damage, and a similar decrease of octamer stability in vitro, induced by peroxynitrite (PN) radicals. " 11/01/1997 - "This study examined the effects of peroxynitrite (ONOO-) on cardiac function and cellular injury following ischemia (30 min) and reperfusion (60 min) in isolated perfused rat hearts. "
4.	Stroke (Strokes) 01/01/2015 - "Taken together, these results indicate an injurious nNOS/peroxynitrite/AMPK cycle following stroke, and GSNO treatment of IR inhibits this vicious cycle, resulting in neuroprotection and improved neurological function. " 09/13/2002 - "In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence for fluctuation of serum NO(x) at the onset of spontaneous stroke accompanying the appearance of peroxynitrite in brain lesions. " 05/01/2015 - "Our results provide evidence that I/R-induced peroxynitrite inhibits survival, induces apoptosis, and promotes peroxynitrite as a novel therapeutic target for the improvement of reparative angiogenesis after stroke in diabetes. " 06/01/2012 - "We investigated mechanisms by which circulating factors during hyperglycemic (HG) stroke affect cerebrovascular function and the role of peroxynitrite in stroke outcome. " 04/01/2011 - "(1→3)-β-D-Glucan inhibits a dual mechanism of peroxynitrite stroke."
5.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 08/01/2011 - "We tested the hypothesis that peroxynitrite scavenging ameliorates sepsis-induced macrovascular and microvascular dysfunction. " 01/01/2015 - "That result likely reflects the versatile, radical-scavenging activity of reduced intracellular folates, which in particular scavenge radicals derived from peroxynitrite, a key mediator of tissue damage in sepsis. " 03/01/2013 - "Therefore, these findings support the development of peroxynitrite decomposition catalysts as potentially useful novel therapeutic agents to restore cardiovascular function in sepsis." 08/01/2011 - "Peroxynitrite scavenging protects from vascular dysfunction in sepsis." 02/01/2008 - "Sepsis and other conditions associated with CIM may differentially affect expression of NO synthases (NOSs), so that both downregulation and upregulation with excessive peroxynitrite production can be hypothesized. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Superoxides (Superoxide)
2.	Melatonin
3.	manganese(III)-tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin
4.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)
5.	Nitric Oxide Synthase (NO Synthase)
6.	Oxygen
7.	Glutathione (Reduced Glutathione)
8.	Free Radicals
9.	Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases (Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase)
10.	Superoxide Dismutase

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Baths
2.	Transplants (Transplant)
3.	Ligation
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
5.	Warm Ischemia