Isoprostanes

A series of prostaglandin-like compounds that are produced by the attack of free-radical species on unsaturated fatty acids, especially ARACHIDONIC ACID, of cellular MEMBRANES. Once cleaved from the lipid membrane by the action of phospholipases they can circulate into various bodily fluids and eventually be excreted. Although these compounds resemble enzymatically synthesized prostaglandins their stereoisometric arrangement is usually different than the "naturally occurring" compounds.

Also Known As:

Networked: 414 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 51 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Basu, Samar: 12 articles (01/2013 - 01/2002)
2.	Violi, Francesco: 11 articles (07/2015 - 06/2008)
3.	Pignatelli, Pasquale: 10 articles (07/2015 - 09/2008)
4.	Carnevale, Roberto: 10 articles (07/2015 - 09/2008)
5.	Praticò, Domenico: 9 articles (08/2010 - 02/2002)
6.	Sinzinger, H: 8 articles (05/2004 - 01/2000)
7.	Roberts, L Jackson: 7 articles (07/2011 - 09/2002)
8.	Pratico, Domenico: 7 articles (01/2010 - 09/2004)
9.	Morrow, Jason D: 7 articles (09/2007 - 09/2002)
10.	Buonocore, Giuseppe: 6 articles (02/2013 - 06/2005)

Related Diseases

1.	Inflammation 03/01/2013 - "EV-077 blocks prostanoid-induced and isoprostane-induced cellular activation, and is in development for the treatment of vascular inflammation and associated complications of type-2 diabetes.. " 01/01/2013 - "Systemic (8-isoprostanes in urine) and local (diene conjugates and total antioxidant capacity in seminal plasma) OxS was measured The levels of OxS markers were significantly elevated in both severe inflammation groups--leukocytospermic men and subjects whose inflammation was limited only to EPS and/or post-M. " 02/01/2008 - "These isoprostanes are considered as markers of oxidative stress, and inflammation and inflammatory mediators. " 12/01/2003 - "Plasma isoprostanes or plasma markers of inflammation did not differ among treatment groups. " 12/01/2002 - "In conclusion, cocoa products supplementation in humans affects LDL oxidizability, but not urinary F(2) isoprostanes or markers of inflammation."
2.	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 04/15/2005 - "Antioxidant treatment in subjects with COPD is effective in reducing oxidant stress as shown by the decrease of urinary isoprostane, a reduction that correlates with the severity of the disease, as indicated by changes in Pa(O(2)) and FEV(1)." 07/01/1999 - "In conclusion, 1) isoprostanes are increased by systemic oxidative stress induced by strenuous exercise in COPD horses in remission either in PELF or in plasma; 2) only PELF and not plasma isoprostanes are increased by pulmonary oxidative stress induced by COPD crisis and 3) unexpectedly, exercise in crisis increased plasma but not PELF isoprostanes." 01/01/2007 - "In conclusion, sputum 8-isoprostane levels correlate with the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. " 04/15/2005 - "Overnight urinary excretion of the isoprostane was significantly higher in patients with COPD than in control subjects, and LTB(4) production by challenge of neutrophils obtained from patients with COPD was also significantly higher than that observed in control neutrophils. " 04/15/2005 - "We studied the urinary excretion of the isoprostane 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) as an index of in vivo oxidant stress, and the production of leukotriene (LT) B(4) (LTB(4)) by neutrophils in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and normal subjects. "
3.	Insulin Resistance 05/01/2015 - "No significant association between urinary isoprostane concentrations and insulin resistance [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)] was found. " 05/01/2011 - "Obese subjects had reduced NO levels and increased urinary isoprostanes and BP measurements; all three parameters were related to SDS-BMI and insulin resistance. " 04/01/2007 - "We concluded that isoprostanes may not be causally involved in the development of glucose intolerance, insulin resistance or deteriorating BCF." 03/01/2013 - "Liver steatosis (histology), insulin resistance (HOMA), liver oxidative stress (GSH/GSSG, carbonyl protein and 8-isoprostanes) and liver fatty acid content were evaluated. " 10/12/2010 - "Urinary isoprostane excretion was substantially heritable (h(2) = 65.8 ± 4.3%), and the isoprostane trait aggregated with multiple traits (CHGB, catecholamines, autonomic/baroreceptor, and renal function), including several features of the metabolic syndrome (body mass index, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia). "
4.	Proteinuria 12/01/2015 - "In hyperthyroid rats, chronic nor-NOHA prevented the increase in SBP and HR and decreased proteinuria in association with an increase in plasma NOx and a decrease in brainstem and urinary isoprostanes. " 11/01/2003 - "Hypertensive DS rats (SBP 214+/-11 mm Hg) had impaired endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and increased aortic O2- production (320%), urinary isoprostane excretion (83%), aortic (20%) and left ventricular (LVH, 21%) hypertrophy, and proteinuria (124%). " 12/01/2012 - "High-salt intake increased BP in both UNX groups at 6, 12, and 18 months and in the female control group at 18 months, and it increased proteinuria, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and isoprostanes in both UNX groups throughout the study. " 01/01/2011 - "Salt increased SBP, HR, urinary isoprostanes, NOx, ET, vasopressin and proteinuria and reduced plasma free T(4) (FT(4)) and tissue FT(4) and FT(3) versus control rats. " 03/01/2004 - "DOCA administration to SHRs produced an increase in BP, ventricular hypertrophy, renal weight, proteinuria, renal histopathological lesions, urinary excretion of isoprostane F2alpha and ET levels in the renal cortex. "
5.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 06/01/2014 - "However, changes in lipid peroxidation have not yet been assessed in zebrafish brains, and an earlier attempt to observe changes in F₂-isoprostane levels in the brains of zebrafish exposed to hypoxia was unsuccessful. " 06/01/2014 - "Levels of F₂-isoprostanes and F₄-neuroprostanes were low and variable in zebrafish brains such that statistically significant changes due to hypoxia or chemical mimicry of hypoxia could not be observed. " 09/01/2012 - "Hypoxia and reoxygenation significantly increased the levels of isoprostanes, isofurans, neuroprostanes, and neurofurans in the cerebral cortex. " 02/01/2012 - "These data show for the first time that increased sodium reabsorption in obese African American patients with hypertension was associated with enlarged medullary volumes, functional hypoxia related to solute reabsorption, and a direct relationship between blood flows and urinary isoprostane levels. " 02/01/2010 - "Hypoxia-induced hyperreactivity of pulmonary arteries: role of cyclooxygenase-2, isoprostanes, and thromboxane receptors."

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