Polyomavirus Infections

Infections with POLYOMAVIRUS, which are often cultured from the urine of kidney transplant patients. Excretion of BK VIRUS is associated with ureteral strictures and CYSTITIS, and that of JC VIRUS with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY, PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL).

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Networked: 84 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 4 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Interstitial Nephritis (Tubulointerstitial Nephritis)
2.	Infections
3.	Virus Diseases (Viral Diseases)
4.	Carcinogenesis
5.	Ureteral Obstruction

Experts

1.	Atwood, Walter J: 4 articles (10/2020 - 02/2006)
2.	DiMaio, Daniel: 3 articles (10/2020 - 01/2011)
3.	Jiang, Mengxi: 3 articles (10/2015 - 05/2010)
4.	Lukacher, Aron E: 3 articles (10/2011 - 05/2010)
5.	Forstová, Jitka: 3 articles (06/2008 - 02/2003)
6.	Gee, Gretchen V: 2 articles (10/2020 - 02/2006)
7.	Pawlita, Michael: 2 articles (10/2016 - 02/2013)
8.	Waterboer, Tim: 2 articles (10/2016 - 02/2013)
9.	Imperiale, Michael J: 2 articles (10/2015 - 05/2010)
10.	Justice, Joshua L: 2 articles (10/2015 - 04/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Polyomavirus Infections:

1.	Antiviral Agents (Antivirals)IBA 05/01/2000 - "We investigated whether dendritic cells and macrophages are permissive for polyomavirus infection and examined their potential for inducing antiviral CD8(+) T cells. " 11/27/2001 - "Improved diagnostic tools and antiviral therapies are needed for polyomavirus infections." 08/01/2010 - "In summary, these findings reveal quantitative and qualitative differences in the CD4(+) T cell response to a persistent virus infection and demonstrate that naive antiviral CD4(+) T cells are recruited during chronic polyomavirus infection."
2.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 01/01/2011 - "Further studies of these proteins will provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of polyomavirus infection and ER function." 10/02/2015 - "Finally, pathway and network analyses indicated that the host cell DNA damage response signaling and DNA repair pathways are among the cellular processes most affected at the protein level during polyomavirus infection. " 10/01/2010 - "Lipids and proteins act in opposing manners to regulate polyomavirus infection." 04/01/2010 - "In this review, relevant case examples are considered comprising (i) gammaherpesviruses-mediated B-lymphocyte proliferation associated with a T-lymphocyte depleting fusion protein; (ii) increased plasmodial hemoparasite burdens associated with a monoclonal antibody inhibitory to T-lymphocyte trafficking and macrophage function, and (iii) the expected predictivity of non-human primate models for the occurrence of encephalic polyomavirus infections." 06/01/2003 - "The ability to vaccinate against polyomavirus infection in a T-cell deficient as well as a normal immune context was studied using polyomavirus major capsid protein (VP1) pseudocapsids (VP1-ps) or a glutathione-S-transferase-VP1 (GST-VP1) fusion protein. "
3.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 04/01/2014 - "We used comprehensive serodiagnostic methods (IgM, IgG, and IgG avidity) and PCR to study Merkel cell polyomavirus and trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus infections in children observed from infancy to adolescence. " 02/01/2013 - "Common WU polyomavirus infection in a Beijing population indicated by surveillance for serum IgG antibody against capsid protein VP2." 08/15/2006 - "T cell-independent and T cell-dependent immunoglobulin G responses to polyomavirus infection are impaired in complement receptor 2-deficient mice." 09/01/1987 - "When mixed with anti-idiotype immunoglobulin G (IgG), E7 was no longer capable of binding or immunoprecipitating polyomavirus virions or neutralizing polyomavirus infection. "
4.	Immunoglobulin M (IgM)IBA 03/01/1998 - "Adult X-linked immunodeficiency (XID) mice, IGM-/- single knockout and IGM-/- CD8-/- double knockout mice do not clear polyomavirus infection." 06/01/1981 - "No Bk-virus-specific IgM was detected in any of the samples of cord blood from the babies born to these women with evidence of polyomavirus infection. " 04/01/2014 - "We used comprehensive serodiagnostic methods (IgM, IgG, and IgG avidity) and PCR to study Merkel cell polyomavirus and trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus infections in children observed from infancy to adolescence. " 03/01/1998 - "The importance of antibodies for elimination of polyomavirus infection and the prevention of virus induced oncogenesis was studied, X-linked immunodeficiency (XID) mice, IgM-/- single knockout and IgMI-/- CD8-/- double knockout mice, all defective in antibody production, and normal control mice were infected with polyomavirus as adults. "
5.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 04/01/2011 - "To investigate polyomavirus infection in wild rodents, we analysed DNA samples from the spleens of 100 wild rodents from Zambia using a broad-spectrum PCR-based assay. " 03/01/2006 - "On the DNA level, presence of a polyomavirus infection was conclusively proved by the polymerase chain reaction using avian polyomavirus (APV)-specific primers. " 03/01/1998 - "In each flock, cause of death was determined to be polyomavirus infection, by means of DNA testing and in situ hybridization. " 09/01/1994 - "Diagnosis of polyomavirus infection in seedcrackers (Pyrenestes sp.) and blue bills (Spermophaga haematina) using DNA in situ hybridization." 01/01/1991 - "Papanicolaou stained smears of urinary sediment containing inclusion bearing urothelial cells suggestive of human polyomavirus infection were destained and reprocessed for in situ hybridization using a biotinylated probe for human polyomavirus DNA. "
6.	Capsid Proteins (Capsid Protein)IBA 12/01/1995 - "In addition, the subcellular location of hsc70 changed from cytoplasmic to nuclear late in polyomavirus infection, coincident with the nuclear localization of the viral capsid proteins. " 05/01/1993 - "During polyomavirus infection the capsid proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm and transported into the nucleus were virion assembly occurs. " 02/01/2013 - "Common WU polyomavirus infection in a Beijing population indicated by surveillance for serum IgG antibody against capsid protein VP2." 06/01/2012 - "This review deals with these issues, and the potential of the capsid protein VP1 to form virus-like particles for use as vaccines against polyomavirus infections." 06/01/2003 - "To assess the stability of polyomavirus antibodies in serial samples over time and the incidence and age-specific prevalence of polyomavirus infections, we established enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) using purified yeast-expressed virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the VP1 major capsid proteins of JC virus (JCV) and the AS and SB strains of BK virus (BKV). "
7.	CreatinineIBA 01/01/2009 - "In November 2006 and March 2007 two graft biopsies were taken because of a significant rise in serum creatinine; they revealed chronic allograft nephropathy and polyomavirus infection. " 12/01/2004 - "All three patients presented with an elevated serum creatinine and demonstrated polyomavirus infection on biopsy and by blood PCR. " 08/15/2009 - "Patients with polyomavirus infection did not have worse renal function than those without infection, but in patients with BKV infection, creatinine clearances were lower at times when viral shedding was detected (P=0.038). " 02/01/2007 - "Infection with individual polyomaviruses or polyomavirus infection in aggregate was not associated with reduced creatinine clearance. "
8.	Tumor Viral Antigens (Large T Antigen)IBA 09/01/2015 - "Strong expression of polyomavirus large T antigen (SV40) and VP1 was seen in atypical lesional cells, consistent with cytopathic lytic polyomavirus infection. " 06/01/2006 - "Polyomavirus infection was confirmed by immunohistochemical detection of T antigen in kidney and bladder biopsies. " 02/01/1985 - "Small and middle T antigens contribute to lytic and abortive polyomavirus infection." 04/01/2001 - "The T-antigen-specific, CD4+ memory T cells induced by latent polyomavirus infections in humans may be uniquely suited to initiate autoimmunity to nuclear antigens upon virus reactivation."
9.	AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2018 - "Antibodies Can Extenuate Polyomavirus Infections." 03/01/1998 - "The importance of antibodies for elimination of polyomavirus infection and the prevention of virus induced oncogenesis was studied, X-linked immunodeficiency (XID) mice, IgM-/- single knockout and IgMI-/- CD8-/- double knockout mice, all defective in antibody production, and normal control mice were infected with polyomavirus as adults. " 08/01/2008 - "To investigate the seroprevalence of polyomavirus infections in macaques, we analyzed 1579 sera from nine different species for antibodies cross-reactive with simian virus 40 (SV40) in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. " 06/01/2003 - "To assess the stability of polyomavirus antibodies in serial samples over time and the incidence and age-specific prevalence of polyomavirus infections, we established enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) using purified yeast-expressed virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the VP1 major capsid proteins of JC virus (JCV) and the AS and SB strains of BK virus (BKV). "
10.	Cidofovir (Vistide)FDA Link 11/01/2002 - "The role of cidofovir in the treatment of polyomavirus infections is more controversial, but here too, cidofovir represents, to date, the only available efficacious therapeutic modality. " 11/01/2002 - "Treatment of polyomavirus infection with cidofovir in a renal-transplant recipient." 03/01/1997 - "Thus, HPMPC deserves further evaluation as a candidate drug for polyomavirus infections in the immunocompromised host." 01/01/2021 - "Due to a lack of approved drugs to treat polyomavirus infections, cidofovir, a phosphonate nucleotide analog approved to treat cytomegalovirus infections, has been repurposed as an antipolyomavirus agent. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 11/27/2001 - "Improved diagnostic tools and antiviral therapies are needed for polyomavirus infections."
2.	Kidney Transplantation 05/01/2022 - "Screening for polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation is recommended by clinical practice guidelines, but cost-effectiveness of this strategy is uncertain. " 11/01/2017 - "[Cytomegalovirus and polyomavirus infection after renal transplantation]." 06/01/2008 - "Human polyomavirus infection, which can be detected morphologically on Pap-stained routine urine cytology specimens, is most commonly encountered in immunocompromised patients and is a well-described complication of renal transplantation. " 01/01/2008 - "Immunologic control for polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation." 06/01/2003 - "Renal transplantation and polyomavirus infection: recent clinical facts and controversies."
3.	Transplantation 10/01/2023 - "Using causal directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to select patient-important outcomes in transplantation trials-interventions to treat polyomavirus infection as an example." 05/01/2022 - "Screening for polyomavirus infections 1 year following transplantation appears to save money, improves survival, and improves quality of life in kidney transplant recipients." 04/01/2013 - "The results indicate that there is a need to increase the sensitivity of assays used to detect viruses in patients with CDK, especially given that polyomavirus infections, especially BKV, can lead to a loss of kidney function following transplantation." 01/01/1999 - "Post-transplantation polyomavirus infections."
4.	Organ Transplantation 09/01/2014 - "European perspective on human polyomavirus infection, replication and disease in solid organ transplantation." 02/01/2013 - "Systemical immunosuppression after organ transplantation can lead to reactivation of persistent polyomavirus infections which may cause rejection of the transplanted organ. " 08/15/2009 - "Polyomavirus infection causes nephropathy after kidney transplantation but has not been thoroughly investigated in nonrenal organ transplantation. " 02/01/2007 - "Polyomavirus infection causes renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation, but it has not been thoroughly investigated in nonrenal solid-organ transplantation. "
5.	Catheters 10/01/2011 - "Reversible ureteral obstruction due to polyomavirus infection after percutaneous nephrostomy catheter placement."