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Coronary Stenosis (Coronary Artery Stenosis)

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Narrowing or constriction of a coronary artery.

Also Known As:

Coronary Artery Stenosis; Coronary Stenoses; Artery Stenoses, Coronary; Artery Stenosis, Coronary; Coronary Artery Stenoses; Stenoses, Coronary; Stenoses, Coronary Artery; Stenosis, Coronary; Stenosis, Coronary Artery

Networked: 3083 relevant articles (120 outcomes, 361 trials/studies)

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Disease Context: Research Results

Cardiovascular Diseases: 37259
- Heart Diseases: 18762
  - Myocardial Ischemia: 16513
    - Coronary Disease: 18571
      - Coronary Stenosis: 3083
        Coronary Restenosis: 298
- Vascular Diseases: 10289
  - Myocardial Ischemia: 16513
    - Coronary Disease: 18571
      - Coronary Stenosis: 3083
        Coronary Restenosis: 298

Related Diseases

1.	Pathologic Constriction (Stenosis)
2.	Myocardial Infarction
3.	Coronary Stenosis (Coronary Artery Stenosis)
4.	Coronary Artery Disease (Coronary Atherosclerosis)
5.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)

Experts

1.	Kim, Young-Hak: 17 articles (05/2015 - 02/2005)
2.	Park, Seung-Jung: 17 articles (05/2015 - 11/2002)
3.	Park, Duk-Woo: 15 articles (05/2015 - 01/2008)
4.	Lee, Seung-Whan: 14 articles (05/2015 - 02/2005)
5.	Park, Seong-Wook: 14 articles (05/2015 - 11/2002)
6.	Escaned, Javier: 13 articles (07/2015 - 10/2005)
7.	Lee, Cheol Whan: 13 articles (05/2015 - 02/2005)
8.	Wijns, William: 13 articles (05/2015 - 04/2003)
9.	Hoffmann, Udo: 13 articles (05/2014 - 03/2006)
10.	Yun, Sung-Cheol: 11 articles (05/2015 - 06/2009)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Coronary Stenosis:

1.	glucuronyl glucosamine glycan sulfate (Vessel)IBA 01/01/2010 - "The study group comprised 107 patients suffering from three-vessel CAD and a control group of 15 patients presenting with typical angina, a positive exercise stress test and abnormal segmental contractility, but no hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis in their angiograms. " 06/01/1996 - "This intravascular ultrasound study sought to examine to what extent native coronary artery stenosis is accompanied by vessel wall thickening or inadequate compensatory enlargement (relative vessel constriction), or both. " 09/01/1980 - "Randomized clinical trials have now shown that compared with medical treatment, bypass operations enhance survival in patients who have three-vessel disease or left main coronary stenosis. " 01/15/2016 - "On a per-vessel assessment, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) and 95% confidence interval (CI) with the use of bifurcation angle for determining coronary stenosis were 100% (86%, 100%), 79% (59%, 92%), 81% (62%, 92%), and 100% (85%, 100%) for CCTA, and 100% (86%, 100%), 82% (63%, 94%), 83% (65%, 94%), and 100% (85%, 100%) for ICA, respectively. " 09/01/2015 - "In cases of female, all the cases of coronary stenosis were single vessel disease. "
2.	Phenobarbital (Luminal)FDA Link 09/01/2009 - "Currently, 15 studies involving 1008 patients have examined the efficacy of 64-slice MDCT in the assessment of coronary artery stenosis (more than 50% luminal narrowing). " 06/01/1998 - "Compared with conventional BA, DCA in protected left main coronary artery stenosis is associated with a higher angiographic success rate and provides a wider luminal diameter with reduced incidence of restenosis." 06/01/2013 - "Systematic analysis on the relationship between luminal enhancement, convolution kernel, plaque density, and luminal diameter of coronary artery stenosis: a CT phantom study." 06/01/2013 - "Selective coronary angiography was performed for all study patients and the Gensini score is computed by assigning a severity score to each coronary stenosis according to the degree of luminal narrowing and its importance based on location. " 07/01/2010 - "Hemodynamic response, image analysis, and sensitivity for the detection of coronary stenosis (>or=50% luminal diameter reduction on x-ray coronary angiography) were compared between the on and off beta-blocker studies. "
3.	CalciumIBA 09/30/2013 - "Coronary calcium score is superior to exercise tolerance testing in predicting significant coronary artery stenosis." 03/01/2010 - "Diagnostic efficacy of coronary calcium score in the assessment of significant coronary artery stenosis." 04/01/1984 - "Thus, in a preparation of chronic coronary stenosis, the calcium-entry blocker improved the relationship between regional myocardial flow and function during exercise and led to more rapid recovery of regional myocardial dysfunction." 06/01/1989 - "The efficacy of calcium antagonists, even in effort-induced angina, is in accord with a current hypothesis that physical exercise in the presence of coronary stenosis can cause relative coronary vasoconstriction, or at the least, failure of full dilation. " 01/01/2014 - "This study aimed to investigate whether presence and severity of breast artery calcification (BAC) on mammograms is associated with computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) finding such as coronary artery calcium (CAC) score and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. "
4.	Adenosine FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1992 - "In the presence of a coronary stenosis, regional myocardial segment shortening in the ischemic region during exercise fell significantly to 49 +/- 8% of shortening in the absence of a coronary stenosis but improved modestly during adenosine infusion (65 +/- 7 versus 49 +/- 8%; p less than 0.05). " 07/01/2015 - "Adenosine is the gold standard for augmenting coronary flow during fractional flow reserve (FFR) testing of intermediate coronary stenoses. " 07/01/2015 - "We reanalyzed data from the VERIFY (VERification of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve for the Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis Severity in EverydaY Practice) study, which enrolled consecutive patients who were infused with intravenous adenosine at 140 μg/kg/min and measured FFR twice. " 12/01/2013 - "Hemodynamic response to intravenous adenosine and its effect on fractional flow reserve assessment: results of the Adenosine for the Functional Evaluation of Coronary Stenosis Severity (AFFECTS) study." 04/02/2013 - "This study sought to determine if adenosine administration is required for the pressure-only assessment of coronary stenoses. "
5.	Nifedipine (Adalat)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1982 - "Nifedipine was effective in all 5 cases with coronary stenosis of more than 75.0%. " 05/01/1992 - "In the inclusion angiograms of these patients, 893 coronary stenoses were detected which were not significantly influenced in their development by nifedipine. " 10/01/1990 - "Intracoronary nifedipine markedly increased left ventricular end diastolic pressure (pre-nifedipine 13.0 mmHg versus post nifedipine 20.1, P less than 0.05), while increasing total coronary sinus bloodflow (pre-nifedipine 134 mL/min versus post nifedipine 189, P less than 0.05): Regional coronary bloodflow increased in all myocardial segments, regardless of the severity of coronary stenosis (64 to 132% baseline, all P less than 0.05). " 09/01/1990 - "To investigate whether coronary vasomotility has some part in these electrocardiographic patterns, in 15 patients with stable effort angina we performed a quantitative angiographic evaluation of single, significant coronary stenoses (greater than 50%) during: spontaneous rhythm, graded atrial pacing (max 160 b/min) and at 1-3-5 min of recovery, both without drugs and after Ca-blockade (nifedipine, 10 mg sl). " 01/01/1990 - "Nifedipine had no influence on the progression of preexisting coronary stenoses, but inhibited significantly the formation of new angiographically recognizable lesions. "
6.	Dobutamine FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1999 - "In 2 patients with severe proximal coronary artery stenosis and normal wall motion in this territory, we observed marked wall motion abnormalities with low and intermediate doses of dobutamine, followed by marked improvement with continued dobutamine infusion. " 01/01/2010 - "Combined evaluations (CS+A.b, CS+LS, and LS+A.b) during dobutamine stress echocardiography improved both sensitivity and accuracy for detecting coronary stenosis. " 01/01/2012 - "The purpose of the study was to identify the best single ultrasound quantitative parameter for prediction of significant coronary stenosis and compare it with visual assessment during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE). " 12/01/2010 - "This study aimed to compare the positive predictive value (PPV) of stress myocardial scintigraphy (SPECT) and of dobutamine echocardiography (DE) in the diagnosis of significant coronary artery stenosis (CAD) in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, and to assess long-term clinical outcomes according to silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI) screening. " 09/01/2009 - "We studied 50 patients (40 male, mean age: 55.63 +/- 10.54 years) with coronary artery stenosis >70% and ejection fraction <40% referred for viability study via dobutamine stress echocardiography. "
7.	OxygenIBA 09/01/1988 - "This study tested the hypothesis that a sustained flow reduction distal to a severe coronary artery stenosis may be well tolerated (after the initial insult is passed) because of gradual improvement in the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. " 11/15/2015 - "In the present study, we investigated whether metabolism-perfusion correlation diminishes during coronary stenosis, indicating increasing mismatch of regional oxygen supply to demand. " 11/15/2015 - "Progressively heterogeneous mismatch of regional oxygen delivery to consumption during graded coronary stenosis in pig left ventricle." 12/10/2014 - "It is a disease that occurs as a result of coronary artery stenosis and is caused by the lack of oxygen within cardiac muscles due to an imbalance between oxygen supply and demand. " 06/01/2012 - "Ischemic extent as a biomarker for characterizing severity of coronary artery stenosis with blood oxygen-sensitive MRI."
8.	CholesterolIBA 09/01/2006 - "The CAC score was significantly associated with age, and plasma levels of total cholesterol and hemoglobinA1c, and logistic regression analysis revealed that significant coronary stenosis as assessed by CAG was most closely correlated with the CAC score (p=0.03). " 02/01/2000 - "The ratio of RLP-C/HDL-C was demonstrated to be highly significantly (P <.0001) associated with coronary artery stenosis in patients with normal total cholesterol, whereas there was no statistically significant association in the hypercholesterolemic patient subgroup. " 04/12/1997 - "Mechanisms other than the regression of coronary stenosis may therefore be important in the beneficial effect of cholesterol lowering. " 10/01/1995 - "We noticed a significant increase (P < or = 0.05) of CIC-cholesterol when patients were affected by coronary stenosis between 20% and 50% (71.8 +/- 52.5 mumol/L vs 46.2 +/- 45.9 mumol/L in controls), but this was less pronounced in those with > 50% of obstruction (58.9 +/- 54.3 mumol/L); however, serum total cholesterol was not modified or even surprisingly slightly decreased in the coronary angiography individuals. " 08/01/1994 - "Logistic regression analysis revealed that the association of lipid risk factors with coronary stenosis was determined primarily by the difference in total cholesterol values. "
9.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)IBA 10/01/1993 - "Using computerized quantitative coronary angiography, we studied the effects of intracoronary infusion of serotonin on 38 coronary stenoses of different morphologies (concentric, eccentric, complicated) in 11 patients with stable angina and 4 with variant angina. " 10/01/1993 - "However, the relation between coronary stenosis morphology and the response to serotonin in patients with angina is not known. " 05/01/1991 - "Role of thromboxane and serotonin as mediators in the development of spontaneous alterations in coronary blood flow and neointimal proliferation in canine models with chronic coronary artery stenoses and endothelial injury." 05/01/1990 - "Enhanced coronary vasoconstrictor responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine in the presence of a coronary artery stenosis in anaesthetized dogs." 08/01/1989 - "Thus, (a) treadmill exercise promotes the development of cyclic flow variations in dogs with coronary stenoses and endothelial injury; (b) ventricular pacing does not induce cyclic flow variations in most dogs in the same model; and (c) TXA2 and/or serotonin are important mediators of cyclic flow variations in this model."
10.	Nitroglycerin (Dynamite)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1997 - "Among 68 patients with significant coronary stenoses, those who received nitroglycerin and had coronary collateral circulation were more likely to exhibit improved reversibility after reinjection than the remaining patients (50% versus 21%, P < .05). " 12/01/2001 - "Severe coronary artery stenosis was identified initially and was relieved after intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin. " 08/01/2004 - "This study evaluates systematically whether administration of nitroglycerin improves the visualization of coronary arteries and, as a result, the detection of coronary artery stenosis during free breathing 3D coronary MR angiography. " 01/01/2013 - "Critical left main coronary artery stenosis might sensitize mechanoreceptors or vagal afferents to the development of the Bezold-Jarisch reflex after intra-arterial nitroglycerin use; however, the mechanism of this possible relationship is unclear. " 01/01/2013 - "Two cases of Bezold-Jarisch reflex induced by intra-arterial nitroglycerin in critical left main coronary artery stenosis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 09/02/2008 - "Both stent implantation and CABG are safe and highly effective in relieving symptoms in patients with isolated, proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis. " 08/01/2000 - "We conclude that dilatation with stent implantation of coronary stenosis is beneficial in the Thai Population both in symptoms as well as Life Quality improvement." 02/01/1998 - "Elective stent implantation for unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis is safe and effective in selected stable patients. " 02/01/1998 - "To assess short and long term efficacy of coronary stent implantation for unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis. " 09/01/2001 - "To assess the safety and clinical efficacy of ACS RX Multi-Link (ML) 2.5 mm stents, in "de novo" coronary stenosis. "
2.	Angioplasty (Angioplasty, Transluminal) 01/01/2004 - "Predictors of improvement in left ventricular function after initially successful angioplasty of unprotected left main coronary artery stenoses." 03/27/1986 - "However, angioplasty is significantly more effective in alleviating the underlying coronary stenoses, and this may result in more effective preservation of ventricular function after therapy." 12/01/1996 - "Efficacy of coronary angioplasty with a cutting balloon in a case of repeated coronary stenosis." 01/01/2014 - "Fractional flow reserve or optical coherence tomography guidance to revascularize intermediate coronary stenosis using angioplasty (FORZA) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." 06/01/2005 - "The impact of patient- and operator-related clinical variables of success and evaluation of subsequent midterm effects of percutaneous treatment of left main coronary stenosis were assessed at a tertiary-referral high-volume angioplasty center in a retrospective observational study. "
3.	Coronary Artery Bypass (Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery) 11/01/2002 - "Epicardial coronary imaging using high frequency (7-12 MHz) ultrasound probes could aid the surgeon performing coronary artery bypass procedures by localizing the coronary artery segments underneath epicardial fat, identifying the site of coronary stenosis to be bypassed, evaluating the integrity of distal coronary artery, assessing the efficacy of anastomosis, and detecting anastomotic complications. " 08/01/2008 - "Stenting of unprotected left main coronary artery stenoses may be a safe and effective alternative to coronary artery bypass especially when surgical revascularization is contraindicated. " 07/01/2006 - "Although great interest exists in the relative efficacy of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) versus percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for the treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis, data comparing the 2 strategies are scant. " 04/01/1982 - "Coronary artery bypass operations improve survival in patients with symptomatic left main coronary artery stenosis, but whether or not longevity is improved in other patients has been controversial. " 05/26/2015 - "In a previous randomized trial, we found that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was not inferior to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for the treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery stenosis at 1 year. "
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 06/07/2005 - "Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography has recently proven effective for the diagnosis of coronary stenosis in non-transplant patients. " 02/01/2012 - "Studies that directly compared MDCT with CCA and/or IVUS for the detection of coronary artery stenosis or significant intimal thickening in cardiac transplant patients were analyzed. " 01/01/2011 - "When including all available studies, both DSE and MPS had moderate sensitivity and specificity in detecting coronary artery stenosis in patients who are kidney transplant candidates [DSE (13 studies) - pooled sensitivity 0.79 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.88), pooled specificity 0.89 (95% CI 0.81 to 0.94); MPS (nine studies) - pooled sensitivity 0.74 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.87), pooled specificity 0.70 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.84)]. " 03/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was first, to assess the accuracy of CDUS in predicting the LIMA graft dysfunction as compared to angiography, and secondly, to correlate the postoperative status of the LIMA graft with preoperative coronary artery stenosis severity of the bridged lesion. " 03/01/2000 - "Patients with native coronary artery stenoses (CAVEAT-I) or saphenous vein graft lesions (CAVEAT-II) were randomized to either DCA or PTCA, and data from these trials were analyzed retrospectively. "
5.	Drug-Eluting Stents 10/01/2011 - "Drug eluting stents (DES) are currently the gold standard for the treatment of significant coronary artery stenosis in high risk patients. " 12/01/2015 - "Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Fractional Flow Reserve-Guided Versus Routine Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation in Patients With Intermediate Coronary Stenosis: Five-Year Clinical Outcomes of DEFER-DES Trial." 02/01/2013 - "This study analyzed 4500 consecutive patient with de novo coronary artery stenosis receiving drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation from January 2004 to May 2009. " 01/01/2012 - "The 'Harmonizing Optimal Strategy for Treatment of coronary artery stenosis - sAfety & effectiveneSS of drug-elUting stents & antiplatelet REgimen' (HOST-ASSURE) trial: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial." 02/01/2005 - "The objective of this study was to describe the results with drug-eluting stents in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis who were poor candidates for surgical revascularization. "