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Atrophic Muscular Disorders

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Disorders characterized by an abnormal reduction in muscle volume due to a decrease in the size or number of muscle fibers. Atrophy may result from diseases intrinsic to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY) or secondary to PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that impair innervation to muscle tissue (e.g., MUSCULAR ATROPHY, SPINAL).

Also Known As:

Muscular Disorders, Atrophic; Spinobulbar Atrophy; Spinopontine Atrophy; Atrophic Muscular Disorder; Atrophies, Disuse; Atrophies, Spinobulbar; Atrophies, Spinobulbar Muscular; Atrophies, Spinopontine; Atrophy, Spinobulbar; Atrophy, Spinobulbar Muscular; Disorder, Atrophic Muscular; Disorders, Atrophic Muscular; Disuse Atrophies; Disuse Atrophy; Muscular Atrophies, Spinobulbar; Muscular Disorder, Atrophic; Spinobulbar Atrophies; Spinobulbar Muscular Atrophies; Spinopontine Atrophies; Atrophy, Disuse; Atrophy, Muscular, Spinobulbar; Atrophy, Spinopontine; Muscular Atrophy, Spinobulbar; Spinobulbar Muscular Atrophy

Networked: 241 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 33 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Sarcopenia
2.	Atrophy
3.	Muscular Dystrophies (Muscular Dystrophy)
4.	Muscular Atrophy (Muscle Atrophy)
5.	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)

Experts

1.	Taylor, J Paul: 6 articles (01/2015 - 04/2003)
2.	Kandarian, Susan C: 6 articles (01/2012 - 04/2002)
3.	Merry, Diane E: 5 articles (02/2015 - 07/2003)
4.	Wall, Benjamin T: 5 articles (01/2015 - 04/2013)
5.	van Loon, Luc J C: 5 articles (01/2015 - 04/2013)
6.	Chua, Jason P: 4 articles (02/2015 - 02/2013)
7.	Lieberman, Andrew P: 4 articles (02/2015 - 02/2013)
8.	Jackman, Robert W: 4 articles (01/2012 - 10/2004)
9.	Diamond, Marc I: 4 articles (01/2010 - 07/2006)
10.	Dirks, Marlou L: 3 articles (03/2015 - 08/2014)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Atrophic Muscular Disorders:

1.	NF-kappa B (NF-kB)IBA 12/01/2005 - "Therefore, using NF-kappaB pathway inhibitors may prove beneficial in attenuating NF-kappaB-associated muscle damage in both disuse atrophy and strenuous exercise." 10/01/2009 - "Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether electrotransfer of Hsp27 into the soleus muscle of rats, prior to skeletal muscle disuse, is sufficient to inhibit skeletal muscle disuse atrophy and NF-kappaB activation. " 01/01/2012 - "NF-kappaB transcriptional activation is required for skeletal muscle disuse atrophy. " 10/01/2009 - "In conclusion, Hsp27 is a negative regulator of NF-kappaB in skeletal muscle, in vivo, and is sufficient to inhibit MuRF1 and atrogin-1 and attenuate skeletal muscle disuse atrophy." 01/01/2007 - "NF-kappaB seems to be a key intracellular signal transducer in disuse atrophy. "
2.	CreatineIBA 10/15/2001 - "Oral creatine supplementation facilitates the rehabilitation of disuse atrophy and alters the expression of muscle myogenic factors in humans." 02/01/2006 - "Recent studies have suggested that creatine can be beneficial in patients with muscular dystrophy and other mitochondrial cytopathies, and may attenuate sarcopenia and facilitate rehabilitation of disuse atrophy. " 09/01/2009 - "Creatine (Cr) supplementation may improve muscle functional capacity in patients with neuromuscular diseases, disuse atrophy, or muscular dystrophies. "
3.	Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-1)IBA 04/01/2014 - "We conclude that mature-IGF-I may be a better option than pro-IGF-IA to promote skeletal muscle recovery following disuse atrophy. " 04/01/2014 - "Mature IGF-I excels in promoting functional muscle recovery from disuse atrophy compared with pro-IGF-IA." 04/01/2014 - "Using the hindlimb suspension model of disuse atrophy, we compared the efficacy of two IGF-I forms in protection against atrophy and enhancement of recovery: mature IGF-I (IGF-IS) lacking the COOH-terminal extension, called the E-peptide, and IGF-IA, which is the predominant form retaining the E-peptide. " 01/01/2004 - "In this investigation, we have examined the ability of two potentially anti-atrophic proteins, IGF-I and Shh, to inhibit disuse atrophy within muscle and bone, when electroporated into skeletal muscle. "
4.	Losartan (Cozaar)FDA LinkGeneric 05/11/2011 - "We next assessed whether losartan was able to combat disuse atrophy in aged mice that were subjected to hindlimb immobilization. " 05/11/2011 - "Thus, losartan, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, may prove to have clinical benefits to combat injury-related muscle remodeling and provide protection against disuse atrophy in humans with sarcopenia." 05/11/2011 - "Losartan restores skeletal muscle remodeling and protects against disuse atrophy in sarcopenia."
5.	Angiotensin IIIBA 05/11/2011 - "Thus, blockade of the AT1 (angiotensin II type I) receptor improved muscle remodeling and protected against disuse atrophy by differentially regulating the TGF-β and IGF-1/Akt/mTOR signaling cascades, two pathways critical for skeletal muscle homeostasis. "
6.	polyglutamineIBA 02/02/2007 - "In polyglutamine diseases such as X-linked spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), it is unknown whether the toxic form of the protein is an insoluble or soluble aggregate or a monomer. " 06/05/2003 - "Two recently published papers on spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, together with studies on spinobulbar muscular atrophy last year, indicate that host protein context is the key arbiter of polyglutamine disease protein toxicity. " 08/01/2006 - "To date, nine distinct genes are known to be linked to polyglutamine diseases, including Huntington's disease, Machado-Joseph Disease and spinobulbar muscular atrophy or Kennedy's disease. " 03/14/2000 - "Huntington's disease (HD), spinocerebellar ataxias types 1 and 3 (SCA1, SCA3), and spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) are caused by CAG/polyglutamine expansion mutations. " 06/01/2012 - "Data on patients with the polyQ diseases Huntington's disease (HD), spinobulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and hereditary ataxia (HA) in Sweden were linked to the Swedish Cancer Registry. "
7.	Androgen Receptors (Androgen Receptor)IBA 01/01/2012 - "Kennedy's disease (KD) or spinobulbar muscular atrophy is a hereditary X-linked, progressive neurodegenerative condition caused by an expansion of the CAG triplet repeat in the first exon of the androgen receptor gene. " 09/23/2010 - "Native functions of the androgen receptor are essential to pathogenesis in a Drosophila model of spinobulbar muscular atrophy." 02/02/2007 - "Soluble androgen receptor oligomers underlie pathology in a mouse model of spinobulbar muscular atrophy." 04/01/2003 - "We show that mutant androgen receptor (AR), the protein responsible for X-linked spinobulbar muscular atrophy, forms insoluble aggregates and is toxic to cultured cells. " 01/01/2003 - "Although the CAG repeat in the androgen receptor, associated with spinobulbar muscular atrophy, was the first to be published in 1991, it was the publication in the same year of the molecular basis of fragile X that focused much attention on trinucleotide repeat expansion as a mutational mechanism. "
8.	Polymethyl Methacrylate (Sol)IBA 06/01/1985 - "Because immobilization of muscles in the "long" position mitigates the effects of inactivity and rapid wasting occurs when muscles are immobilized in the "short" position, a study was made of the EMG activity in the soleus (SOL)--an extensor muscle--and the tibialis anterior (TA)--a flexor muscle--in order to clarify the possible role of muscle function in modifying the course of disuse atrophy. " 05/01/1983 - "The soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of the rat were studied in situ (33.5 degrees C) after 6 wk of disuse atrophy produced by hindlimb immobilization (IM). " 02/01/1997 - "The purposes of the study were to determine the effects of a pyrimidine nucleotide, the uridine triphosphate (UTP), on the contractile and histochemical properties of the soleus (SOL) muscle following disuse atrophy due to hindlimb unloading (HU) hypokinesia. "
9.	ClenbuterolIBA 01/01/2009 - "Effects of combined stretching and clenbuterol on disuse atrophy in rat soleus muscle." 01/01/2005 - "Effects of intermittent weight-bearing and clenbuterol on disuse atrophy of rat hindlimb muscles." 01/01/2005 - "The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of intermittent weight-bearing (IWB) combined with β 2-agonist clenbuterol (Cb) medication for suppressing muscle atrophy during progressive disuse atrophy. " 01/01/1987 - "The magnitude of the effects of clenbuterol in sparing the mass and functional capacity of denervated muscle suggests that this agent may be important in studies of neuromuscular diseases and disuse atrophy."
10.	Muscle Proteins (Muscle Protein)IBA 01/01/2008 - "Therefore, the present study addressed the hypothesis that EtOH accelerates the disuse atrophy and/or impairs the accretion of muscle protein during muscle recovery. " 03/01/2015 - "Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) represents an effective method to stimulate muscle protein synthesis and alleviate muscle disuse atrophy in healthy subjects. " 01/01/2015 - "Mechanistically, muscle disuse atrophy is primarily attributed to a decline in basal muscle protein synthesis rate and the development of anabolic resistance to food intake. " 12/01/2013 - "Muscle disuse atrophy is, at least in part, attributed to a decline in basal (postabsorptive) muscle protein synthesis rates. " 04/01/2013 - "It also seems, however, that an early and transient (1-5 days) increase in basal muscle protein breakdown may also contribute to disuse atrophy. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Denervation 06/01/2014 - "In less tractable species such as wild-caught hibernating rodents, the sciatic denervation model is superior in terms of both animal welfare and applicability to the characteristics of natural cases of disuse atrophy. " 06/01/2014 - "A refined technique for sciatic denervation in a golden-mantled ground squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis) model of disuse atrophy." 01/01/2012 - "Moreover, TWEAK mediates the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function in response to denervation, a model of disuse atrophy. " 11/01/1999 - "Muscle fiber conduction velocity in situ (MFCV) in denervation, reinnervation and disuse atrophy." 06/01/1968 - "Denervation and disuse atrophy in pigeon breast muscle. "
2.	Injections 09/10/1984 - "Daily injections of proteins extracted from rats' sciatic nerves have been shown to prevent the non-disuse atrophy of rats' muscles denervated for 7 days. " 01/01/2004 - "The objective of this study was to assess the usability and safety of BION injectable neuromuscular microstimulators for therapeutic electrical stimulation (TES) to treat two conditions involving disuse atrophy: poststroke shoulder subluxation in hemiplegic subjects and knee osteoarthritis. "
3.	Tenotomy 06/01/2014 - "In several rodent models developed for the study of disuse atrophy, immobilization is induced by prolonged cage restraint, hind limb unloading, tenotomy, sciatic nerve block or sciatic denervation. "
4.	Muscle Stretching Exercises (Stretching, Static) 01/01/2012 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of passive stretching on inhibition of disuse atrophy and hemodynamics among longitudinal regions of the rat soleus muscle. " 01/01/2012 - "Influence of passive stretching on inhibition of disuse atrophy and hemodynamics of rat soleus muscle."
5.	Endoscopes 02/01/2014 - "Studies suggest that the goal of prevention is to preserve the physiological structure of erector spinae and to avoid or limit the injury causes: approaches through spatium intermusculare and approaches with endoscope and tubular retractor system can prevent the erector spinae from injury by less dissection and retraction; non-fusion techniques may prevent the erector spinae from disuse atrophy by preserving the segmental motion and the adjacent erector spinae activity. "