Plasma Kallikrein

A peptidohydrolytic enzyme that is formed from PREKALLIKREIN by FACTOR XIIA. It activates FACTOR XII; FACTOR VII; and PLASMINOGEN. It is selective for both ARGININE and to a lesser extent LYSINE bonds. EC 3.4.21.34.

Also Known As:

Networked: 224 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 28 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Feener, Edward P: 9 articles (10/2015 - 02/2009)
2.	Colman, Robert W: 7 articles (11/2012 - 09/2004)
3.	Liu, Jia: 5 articles (03/2013 - 12/2010)
4.	Isordia-Salas, Irma: 5 articles (11/2005 - 09/2004)
5.	Clermont, Allen C: 4 articles (10/2015 - 02/2009)
6.	Shariat-Madar, Zia: 4 articles (07/2011 - 12/2002)
7.	Schmaier, Alvin H: 4 articles (02/2008 - 12/2002)
8.	Pixley, Robin A: 4 articles (11/2005 - 09/2004)
9.	Renné, Thomas: 3 articles (09/2015 - 12/2009)
10.	Kleinschnitz, Christoph: 3 articles (05/2015 - 02/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Stroke (Strokes) 05/01/2015 - "Blocking of plasma kallikrein ameliorates stroke by reducing thromboinflammation." 01/01/2014 - "Selective and specific kinin receptor antagonists and inhibitors of plasma kallikrein and coagulation factor XII have been developed, and have already shown therapeutic efficacy in animal models of stroke and TBI. " 09/01/2007 - "The plasma kallikrein-kinin system (PKKS) has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, but activation of the PKKS has not been directly probed in individuals at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) or stroke. " 02/01/2013 - "In particular, the kinin receptors, plasma kallikrein, and coagulation factor XIIa are highly attractive candidates for pharmacological development, as kinin receptor antagonists or inhibitors of plasma kallikrein and coagulation factor XIIa are neuroprotective in animal models of stroke and traumatic brain injury. "
2.	Hemorrhage 02/01/2007 - "The goal of this study was to explore the relationship among endogenous plasma kallikrein inhibition (KI), perioperative bleeding, and adverse outcomes in cardiac surgery. " 12/01/2010 - "Plasma kallikrein (PK) is activated during hemorrhage and has been implicated in cerebral vascular permeability and edema. " 02/15/2015 - "The plasma kallikrein stimulates retinal vascular permeability and intraocular hemorrhage. " 02/01/2013 - "Intraocular hemorrhage causes retinal vascular dysfunction via plasma kallikrein." 06/01/2012 - "Since prekallikrein (the zymogen form of plasma kallikrein) deficient patients have prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) without having any bleeding disorder, the anti-thrombotic property and mechanism of action of PF-04886847 was assessed. "
3.	Angioedema 08/05/2010 - "We evaluated ecallantide, a newly developed recombinant plasma kallikrein inhibitor, for the treatment of acute attacks of angioedema. " 12/01/2003 - "Plasma kallikrein is believed to be an important mediator of angioedema in patients with genetic deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor (HAE patients). " 07/01/2011 - "Ecallantide, a novel plasma kallikrein inhibitor, inhibits production of bradykinin, the key mediator of these angioedema attacks. " 12/01/2003 - "The C1INH deficient mouse, although it does not have episodes of cutaneous angioedema, does have increased vascular permeability which is reversed by treatment with C1INH, with the plasma kallikrein inhibitor, DX88, and with the bradykinin 2 receptor (Bk2R) antagonist, Hoe140. " 06/01/2013 - "Treatment for acute HAE attacks in the United States has been transformed by new therapies that inhibit the underlying mechanisms of angioedema- notably ecallantide, a potent and specific inhibitor of plasma kallikrein, and icatibant, a selective bradykinin receptor antagonist. "
4.	Liver Cirrhosis (Hepatic Cirrhosis) 12/01/2003 - "Hepatic clearance of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasma kallikrein in experimental liver fibrosis." 09/01/1994 - "1. Previous studies have documented activation of protease enzymes, such as the plasma kallikrein-kinin system, in hepatic cirrhosis. " 01/01/2015 - "Intriguingly, improvement of liver fibrosis was accompanied by the reduction of hCLS formation and plasma kallikrein-mediated transforming growth factor-β activation. " 01/01/2015 - "We recently reported that during the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, plasma kallikrein (PLK) activates TGF-β by cleavage between R(58) and L(59) residues within LAP and that one of its by-products, the N-terminal side LAP degradation products ending at residue R(58) (R(58) LAP-DPs), can be detected mainly around activated HSCs by specific antibodies against R(58) cleavage edges and functions as a footprint of PLK-dependent TGF-β activation. " 09/01/1994 - "We investigated the effect of aprotinin, a protease inhibitor which binds to plasma kallikrein, on systemic haemodynamics and renal function in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and ascites. "
5.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis) 01/01/2014 - "LAP degradation product reflects plasma kallikrein-dependent TGF-β activation in patients with hepatic fibrosis." 11/01/1995 - "[Plasma kallikrein clearance by the liver in experimental cirrhosis]." 11/01/1995 - "To study the hepatic clearance of a glycoprotein (rat plasma kallikrein) by the liver of rats with experimental decompensated cirrhosis. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)
2.	Bradykinin
3.	Factor XII (Hageman Factor)
4.	Peptide Hydrolases (Proteases)
5.	Bradykinin B2 Receptor
6.	Glycoproteins (Glycoprotein)
7.	Fibrinolysin
8.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)
9.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)
10.	Fibrin

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intravitreal Injections
2.	Intensive Care (Surgical Intensive Care)
3.	Intralesional Injections
4.	Injections
5.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis)