Neuroschistosomiasis

SCHISTOSOMIASIS of the brain, spinal cord, or meninges caused by infections with trematodes of the genus SCHISTOSOMA (primarily SCHISTOSOMA JAPONICUM; SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI; and SCHISTOSOMA HAEMATOBIUM in humans). S. japonicum infections of the nervous system may cause an acute meningoencephalitis or a chronic encephalopathy. S. mansoni and S. haematobium nervous system infections are associated with acute transverse myelitis involving the lower portions of the spinal cord. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch27, pp61-2)

Also Known As:

Networked: 22 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 1 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Gnathostomiasis
2.	Sparganosis
3.	Parasitic Diseases (Parasitic Disease)
4.	Paragonimiasis
5.	Cysticercosis

Experts

1.	Carod-Artal, Francisco Javier: 2 articles (11/2010 - 02/2008)
2.	Abraham, Ronaldo: 1 article (09/2013)
3.	Carod Artal, Francisco Javier: 1 article (12/2012)
4.	Gray, Darren J: 1 article (01/2012)
5.	Farrar, Jeremy: 1 article (01/2012)
6.	Li, Yue-Sheng: 1 article (01/2012)
7.	McManus, Donald P: 1 article (01/2012)
8.	Ross, Allen G: 1 article (01/2012)
9.	Hunstman, Richard J: 1 article (01/2012)
10.	Vidailhet, Marie: 1 article (09/2010)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Neuroschistosomiasis:

1.	AngiostrongyliasisIBA 11/01/2002 - "In the present study, we review the seven most common parasitic diseases of the CNS: (i) cysticercosis, (ii) neuroschistosomiasis, (iii) paragonimiasis, (iv) angiostrongyliasis, (v) hydatid disease, (vi) sparganosis and (vii) gnathostomiasis. "
2.	Praziquantel (Biltricide)FDA Link 04/01/2010 - "There is no definitive consensus on the treatment of neuroschistosomiasis, but most authors recommend the administration of praziquantel and a steroid. " 10/01/1989 - "Effect of praziquantel on the eggs of Schistosoma mansoni, with a note on the implications for managing central nervous system schistosomiasis." 12/01/2012 - "Recognition of neuroschistosomiasis is important so that early treatment with praziquantel and steroids can be started in an attempt to prevent severe disability." 01/01/2012 - "During the 'acute phase' of the disease, neuroschistosomiasis is treated with corticosteroids which are augmented with a course of praziquantel once female worm ovipositioning commences. " 01/01/2012 - "Schistosomicidal drugs (notably praziquantel), steroids and surgery are currently used for the treatment of neuroschistosomiasis. "
3.	SteroidsIBA 02/01/2008 - "Schistosomicidal drugs, steroids and surgery are the currently available treatments for neuroschistosomiasis. " 12/01/2012 - "Recognition of neuroschistosomiasis is important so that early treatment with praziquantel and steroids can be started in an attempt to prevent severe disability." 01/01/2012 - "Schistosomicidal drugs (notably praziquantel), steroids and surgery are currently used for the treatment of neuroschistosomiasis. " 05/01/2008 - "We are reporting this case to increase the awareness of physicians of schistosomal myeloradiculopathy, as it needs urgent specific treatment praziquantel and steroids. " 09/01/2013 - "In neurocysticercosis and neuroschistosomiasis steroids are more useful than parasiticides in most cases. "
4.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 01/01/2012 - "During the 'acute phase' of the disease, neuroschistosomiasis is treated with corticosteroids which are augmented with a course of praziquantel once female worm ovipositioning commences. " 11/01/2010 - "Praziquantel and corticoids have been successfully used to treat neuroschistosomiasis. " 12/01/2004 - "Treatment of schistosomal myeloradiculopathy with praziquantel and corticosteroids and evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging: a longitudinal study." 09/01/2010 - "Acute neuroschistosomiasis: a cerebral vasculitis to treat with corticosteroids not praziquantel."
5.	Nerve Growth Factors (Neurotrophins)IBA 10/01/2001 - "These findings suggest that the neuropathological dysfunctions in neuroschistosomiasis may be linked to changes in the basal levels and/or activity of neurotrophic factors caused by local formation of granulomas." 08/01/1998 - "These findings suggest that the neuropathological dysfunctions in neuroschistosomiasis may be linked to changes in the basal levels and/or activity of neurotrophic factors caused by local formation of granulomas."
6.	Katayama feverIBA 09/01/2007 - "Schistosomal myeloradiculopathy is the most severe and disabling ectopic form of Schistosoma mansoni infection. " 09/01/2006 - "Schistosomal myeloradiculopathy (SMR) is the most common neurological form of Schistosoma mansoni infection. "
7.	Oligoclonal BandsIBA 03/01/1991 - "Oligoclonal bands were detected in the CSF of 5/9 schistosomal myelopathy patients and 11/18 cases of myelopathy of other known causes, but in 0/7 cases of myelopathy where the cause was not established. "
8.	Nerve Growth Factor (NGF)IBA 09/01/1996 - "These findings indicate that the murine model of infection can be used for studying mechanisms leading to human neuroschistosomiasis and suggest that the neuropathological disorders and the sensory deficits observed in human schistosomiasis are associated with impaired levels of NGF in the peripheral and central nervous system."
9.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 08/01/2007 - "Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a growing process in all cases; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) characteristics and biological markers were compatible with neuroschistosomiasis (NS). "
10.	Immunologic Factors (Immunomodulators)IBA 03/01/1989 - "Vascular and immunological factors are considered in regard to the physiopathogeny of neuroschistosomiasis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/10/1993 - "Early chemotherapy of imported neuroschistosomiasis."