Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases (Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia)

Diseases of the ninth cranial (glossopharyngeal) nerve or its nuclei in the medulla. The nerve may be injured by diseases affecting the lower brain stem, floor of the posterior fossa, jugular foramen, or the nerve's extracranial course. Clinical manifestations include loss of sensation from the pharynx, decreased salivation, and syncope. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia refers to a condition that features recurrent unilateral sharp pain in the tongue, angle of the jaw, external auditory meatus and throat that may be associated with SYNCOPE. Episodes may be triggered by cough, sneeze, swallowing, or pressure on the tragus of the ear. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1390)

Also Known As:

Networked: 115 relevant articles (12 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hemifacial Spasm
2.	Pain (Aches)
3.	Trigeminal Neuralgia (Tic Douloureux)
4.	Tinnitus
5.	Vertigo (Positional Vertigo)

Experts

1.	Matsushima, Toshio: 4 articles (06/2010 - 12/2003)
2.	Inoue, Tooru: 3 articles (06/2010 - 12/2003)
3.	Masuoka, Jun: 2 articles (06/2010 - 03/2010)
4.	Mineta, Toshihiro: 2 articles (06/2010 - 03/2010)
5.	Kawashima, Masatou: 2 articles (06/2010 - 03/2010)
6.	Fan, Zhong: 2 articles (02/2010 - 05/2005)
7.	Sarma, Deepika R K: 1 article (12/2015)
8.	Meigh, Kristin: 1 article (12/2015)
9.	Crammond, Donald: 1 article (12/2015)
10.	Shankar, Preethi: 1 article (12/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Glossopharyngeal Nerve Diseases:

1.	Glycerol (Glycerine)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2014 - "Peripheral glycerol injection: an alternative treatment of children with glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 12/01/2013 - "Treatment for glossopharyngeal neuralgia with peripheral glycerol injection: our experience in twenty-one older patients." 03/01/2014 - "It is concluded that the peripheral glycerol injection is safe and effective in the control of pain symptom among the children with glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 03/01/2014 - "We report an experience with peripheral glycerol injection for the control of pain in eight sick children with glossopharyngeal neuralgia. "
2.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)IBA 08/01/1997 - "This case report shows that ketamine-induced NMDA receptor blockade significantly relieved glossopharyngeal neuralgia in this patient. " 08/01/1997 - "We examined whether ketamine, which is a noncompetitive blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, had the ability to relieve glossopharyngeal neuralgia. "
3.	KetamineFDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1997 - "This case report shows that ketamine-induced NMDA receptor blockade significantly relieved glossopharyngeal neuralgia in this patient. " 08/01/1997 - "Relief of glossopharyngeal neuralgia by ketamine-induced N-methyl-aspartate receptor blockade." 08/01/1997 - "We examined whether ketamine, which is a noncompetitive blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, had the ability to relieve glossopharyngeal neuralgia. "
4.	Clonazepam (Rivotril)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1979 - "A study of 46 patients has shown that Clonazepam is an effective drug in preventing attacks of pain in essential trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia and in Sluder's syndrome. "
5.	Carbamazepine (Tegretol)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2011 - "Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is an uncommon pathology that is treated with medicine or surgery, with carbamazepine and vascular microdecompression being the treatments of choice." 06/01/2009 - "In a visit to our hospital, he was diagnosed with glossopharyngeal neuralgia and was treated with carbamazepine. " 09/01/2000 - "Patient 2, a 33-year-old female with glossopharyngeal neuralgia, developed impairment of pitch perception several hours after administration of carbamazepine, complaining that the perceived sounds became lower than previously by a semitone. " 01/01/2000 - "Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is rare, typically idiopathic and treated with carbamazepine. " 06/12/1992 - "Being diagnosed as having glossopharyngeal neuralgia with cardiovascular involvement he was given carbamazepine, 400 mg three times daily, but without improvement. "
6.	Eagle syndromeIBA 07/01/2015 - "Conventional and 3-Dimensional Computerized Tomography in Eagle's Syndrome, Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia, and Asymptomatic Controls." 06/01/2013 - "We report a patient with symptoms of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, who was diagnosed with Eagle's syndrome on the basis of diagnostic imaging. " 12/01/2012 - "Non-surgical therapy for bilateral glossopharyngeal neuralgia caused by Eagle's syndrome, diagnosed by three-dimensional computed tomography: a case report." 10/01/1999 - "The Eagle's syndrome due to an elongated styloid process is the most important cause of secondary glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 10/01/1999 - "The treatment for glossopharyngeal neuralgia and Eagle's syndrome has evolved over time. "
7.	gabapentin (Neurontin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2002 - "Gabapentin treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a follow-up of four years of a single case." 03/01/1999 - "[Use of gabapentin in glossopharyngeal neuralgia]." 02/16/1999 - "[Clinical response of gabapentin for glossopharyngeal neuralgia]." 03/11/2002 - "A 61-year-old man with glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN) associated with cardiac syncope was successfully treated with gabapentin. " 03/11/2002 - "[Gabapentin treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia with cardiac syncope]."
8.	tebufenozide (Mimic)IBA 01/01/2009 - "We describe the presentation and management of this condition and how it may mimic glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 05/01/1993 - "Pain arising from the oesophagus may mimic glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 10/01/1991 - "Some symptoms may mimic forms of facial pain such as: temporal arteritis, migraine, cluster headache, trigeminal or glossopharyngeal neuralgias, myofascial pain dysfunction, or muscle contraction (tension) headache. "
9.	glucuronyl glucosamine glycan sulfate (Vessel)IBA 08/01/2008 - "If the offending vessel was the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA), a loop formation at the supraolivary fossette was always seen, whereas if it was the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA), glossopharyngeal neuralgia was difficult to diagnose before surgery." 08/01/2014 - "In this particular patient with a fatty neurovascular lump causing glossopharyngeal neuralgia, microvascular decompression of offending vessel alone was enough to control the neuralgic pain. " 01/01/1999 - "The pulsatile compression of REZ by a vessel may produce clinical symptoms, such us trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, glossopharyngeal neuralgia torticollis spasmodicus or even symptoms of essential hypertension when a vascular cross compression of REZ of a left vagus nerve is present. "
10.	Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)IBA 06/01/2009 - "We believe this to be the first case report to mention the effectiveness of opioids for glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 06/01/2009 - "If the control of pain is difficult in cases of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, opioids may be a useful therapeutic option." 06/01/2009 - "In general, opioids are not efficacious against neuropathic pain, including glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 02/01/2005 - "The first case involved a man diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the tonsils and manifesting as glossopharyngeal neuralgia that was refractory to all treatment approaches tried, including opioids and neuromodulation. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Decompression 11/01/2010 - "5. Trans-vertebralis dural ring approach TVDRA revealed to be useful in the treatment of microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia, because mobilization and displacement of the vertebral artery by circumferential incision from its dural ring plays an important role for the purpose (Fig. " 01/01/1995 - "In 1977, Laha and Jannetta reported good results in four patients who underwent microvascular decompression of the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves for glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 01/01/2002 - "Microvascular decompression of the glossopharyngeal nerve is an effective treatment of patients with glossopharyngeal neuralgia in whom compression of the nerve by a blood vessel is implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. " 04/01/2004 - "To establish the long-term safety, efficacy, and durability of microvascular decompression (MVD) for the treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, this study presents the immediate (<6 mo) postoperative and long-term results of a large series of 47 patients with treated with MVD. " 08/01/2014 - "We reviewed all patients who received a microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia at our institution between January 2008 and August 2012. "
2.	Electrocoagulation (Electrocautery) 01/01/1986 - "Two cases of essential glossopharyngeal neuralgia treated successfully with percutaneous radio-frequency thermocoagulation are reported. " 02/01/1990 - "Percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation of glossopharyngeal nerve is thought to be very useful for the treatment of intractable glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 02/01/1990 - "[Selective percutaneous thermocoagulation of the glossopharyngeal nerve in intractable glossopharyngeal neuralgia]." 01/01/1986 - "Percutaneous radio-frequency thermocoagulation with low temperature in the treatment of essential glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 07/01/1977 - "[Treatment using percutaneous thermocoagulation of trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgias]."
3.	Rhizotomy 08/01/2000 - "MVD, rhizotomy of glossopharyngeal nerve root and upper 1st to 2nd rootlets of vagus nerve and their combination are effective for the treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia. " 08/01/1992 - "This case report describes the case of an 86-year-old woman whose glossopharyngeal neuralgia was complicated by life-threatening dysrhythmias and who was cured by posterior fossa rhizotomy." 07/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of electrophysiological monitoring on selective rhizotomy of the glossopharyngeal nerve (SRGN) in treatment of glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GPN). " 07/01/2014 - "Use of electrophysiological monitoring in selective rhizotomy treating glossopharyngeal neuralgia." 11/01/1984 - "The outcome is summarized for 14 cases operated on for glossopharyngeal neuralgia, with both open and percutaneous rhizotomy techniques, between 1960 and 1984. "
4.	Surgical Decompression 12/01/1996 - "Surgical decompression of the cranio-cervical junction completely relieved the apnoea and the glossopharyngeal neuralgia immediately following the procedure. " 01/01/2006 - "The similarities between typewriter tinnitus and other cranial nerve syndromes associated with vascular compression (trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm, and glossopharyngeal neuralgia) suggest that surgical decompression of the auditory nerve can relieve medication-refractive cases of typewriter tinnitus."
5.	Nerve Block (Nerve Blocks) 09/20/1977 - "[A new method of treatment for glossopharyngeal neuralgia--intraoral nerve block (author's transl)]." 05/31/1977 - "Intraoral nerve block for glossopharyngeal neuralgia."