Lithiasis

A condition characterized by the formation of CALCULI and concretions in the hollow organs or ducts of the body. They occur most often in the gallbladder, kidney, and lower urinary tract.

Also Known As:

Networked: 2076 relevant articles (88 outcomes, 143 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Shock
2.	Choledocholithiasis
3.	Hypercalciuria
4.	Infections
5.	Pain (Aches)

Experts

1.	Arrabal-Polo, Miguel Angel: 16 articles (01/2019 - 01/2010)
2.	Arrabal-Martin, Miguel: 14 articles (11/2015 - 01/2010)
3.	Zuluaga-Gomez, Armando: 11 articles (04/2015 - 01/2010)
4.	Affaitati, Giannapia: 9 articles (01/2016 - 02/2002)
5.	Giamberardino, Maria Adele: 9 articles (01/2016 - 02/2002)
6.	Grases, Felix: 8 articles (08/2022 - 05/2005)
7.	Arrabal-Martín, Miguel: 8 articles (06/2021 - 05/2003)
8.	Arias-Santiago, Salvador: 7 articles (04/2015 - 10/2012)
9.	Arrabal Martín, Miguel: 6 articles (01/2010 - 12/2002)
10.	Zuluaga Gómez, Armando: 6 articles (01/2010 - 12/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Lithiasis:

1.	Cystine (L-Cystine)IBA 11/01/2004 - "11 patients with recurrent cystine calculosis and 15 healthy volunteers participated in the study. " 12/01/2000 - "[Cystine lithiasis: study of a series of 116 cases]." 01/01/1972 - "[Clinical studies on 3 cases of cystine calculosis]." 10/01/1967 - "[Study of the urine in cystine lithiasis. " 10/01/2022 - "Patients present hyperexcretion of cystine in the urine, recurrent cystine lithiasis, and progressive decline in kidney function. "
2.	Calcium OxalateIBA 09/01/1987 - "[Thermal methods applied to the study of calcium oxalate lithiasis]." 08/12/2023 - "Lithiasis in kidney transplant is a rare condition usually diagnosed after one year after surgery and mostly located in the calyces and renal pelvis, more frequently of calcium oxalate composition. " 03/25/2023 - "The presence of several carboxyl groups in these macromolecules reduces calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal adhesion to the urinary epithelium and could potentially protect against lithiasis. " 06/01/2016 - "Idiopathic calcium oxalate lithiasis was the most common etiology (69%). " 11/01/2012 - "Inhibitors of oxalocalcic lithiasis: effects of their interactions on calcium oxalate crystallization."
3.	CalciumIBA 06/01/2021 - "It is necessary to study new molecules as chemolytic treatment in calcium lithiasis or that facilitate its fragmentation with the help of other instrumental treatments. " 06/01/2015 - "The study was prospective and included 120 patients with calcium lithiasis of the upper part of urinary tract, divided in three age categories, 20-40 years, 40-60 years and older than 60 years. " 10/01/2012 - "The present study included 50 patients with recurrent calcium lithiasis. " 12/01/2011 - "• The present study comprised a transversal investigation in three groups: group O, without lithiasis; group A, with a single episode of lithiasis; and group B, with relapsed calcium renal lithiasis. " 10/01/2005 - "Our study concernes 90 patients divided in three groups: healthy fasting patient (GI), healthy non fasting patient (G2) and non fasting patient with calcium lithiasis (G3). "
4.	Uric Acid (Urate)IBA 01/01/1970 - "Uric acid lithiasis--a study of six hundred and twenty-two patients." 01/01/1966 - "[Etiologic and therapeutic studies of lithiasis caused by uric acid]." 10/01/1964 - "STUDIES ON THE ETIOLOGY OF URIC ACID LITHIASIS. " 06/29/2023 - "The most common causes of uric acid lithiasis are low urinary pH, followed by high concentration of urinary uric acid, and low diuresis. " 06/29/2023 - "Uric acid lithiasis accounts for about 10% of all types of renal lithiasis. "
5.	Citric Acid (Citrate)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1964 - "[STUDY OF URINARY CITRATE IN RENAL LITHIASIS]." 05/01/2005 - "this modified, simple, fast, inexpensive and easily automatizable technique, seems to be reliable and especially more sensitive, adapting particularly to the detection of subjects suffering a deficit of citrate secretion, one of most significant inhibiting agent of lithiasis kidney formation." 07/01/1994 - "From the assumption that prophylaxis of oxalocalcium lithiasis is feasible with an the intake of citrate-rich food, this paper presents a prospective, medium-term research in two groups of patients with a background of this type of lithiasis; the first group was treated with diet and increased fluid intake exclusively, while the second group had to follow similar dietetic measures and take also one litre of orange juice daily. " 01/01/1990 - "Thus, it is particularly interesting to point out the importance of citrate in preventing the risk of lithiasis in the group of stone-formers studied by us." 01/01/1989 - "Thus, it is particularly interesting to point out the importance of citrate in preventing the risk of lithiasis in stone-formers studied by us."
6.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2020 - "The combination of improved nutrition and modern antibiotic treatment has to be led to the frequency of bladder lithiasis. " 01/01/2016 - "According to the literature gall bladder lithiasis is a complication which is described in the first days of the treatment with this antibiotic. " 01/01/1966 - "[Treatment by antibiotics of the infectious complications of biliary lithiasis]." 01/01/1966 - "[The point of view of the surgeon in the antibiotic treatment of infectious complications of biliary lithiasis]." 01/01/2019 - "The patient was treated with antibiotic therapy before, during and after surgical extraction of the voluminous lithiasis. "
7.	Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1997 - "In those patients with nephrocalcinosis or recurrent episodes of lithiasis, hydrochlorothiazide can be effective in reducing hypercalciuria. " 01/01/1980 - "In a one-year double-blind study, the efficacy of hydrochlorothiazide was tested in 51 out-patients with recurrent calcium lithiasis. " 11/01/2006 - "We performed a longitudinal, analytical, 36-month study in 100 patients with residual calcium lithiasis after ESWL randomly distributed into two groups: 50 patients treated with placebo (controls, group 1) and 50 treated with hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg/24 hr (group 2). " 09/01/1984 - "[Experimental lithiasis in rats: the role of hydrochlorothiazide and antibiotics in its prevention]." 11/01/1982 - "[Hydrochlorothiazide in the metaphylaxis of recurrent calcium oxalate lithiasis]."
8.	Phytic Acid (Inositol Hexaphosphate)IBA 09/01/1999 - "Phytate (IP6) is a powerful agent for preventing calcifications in biological fluids: usefulness in renal lithiasis treatment." 03/01/2006 - "Medical history was performed (family history of lithiasis; associated diseases such as high blood pressure, diabetes, hyperuricemia, hypercholesterolemia, peptic ulcer disease; dietetic survey to evaluate phytate consumption; professions with high-risk of exposure to toxic agents); 24-hour urine biochemical tests, two-hour urine (pH), and serum biochemical profile were performed. " 04/01/1999 - "Urinary lithogen risk test: usefulness in the evaluation of renal lithiasis treatment using crystallization inhibitors (citrate and phytate)." 01/01/1999 - "Urinary lithogen risk test: usefulness in the evaluation of renal lithiasis treatment using crystallization inhibitors (citrate and phytate)." 01/01/1966 - "[Association of phytic acid and benzthiazide in renal lithiasis]."
9.	ThiazidesIBA 11/01/2006 - "The percentage of global expulsion of lithiasis during the follow-up period was significantly greater (chi-square exponent = 19.938, P = 0.001) in the patients treated with thiazides (72%) than in the control group (36%), although a large number of patients in this group underwent new ESWL sessions. " 03/01/2006 - "The patients treated with thiazides (Groups B and C) obtain a significant reduction in lithiasis recurrence compared with the control group (Group A). " 11/01/2006 - "The administration of thiazides stabilizes or reduces the growth of residual lithiasis and favors its spontaneous elimination, thus reducing the need for new sessions of ESWL. " 11/01/2006 - "Extracorporeal renal lithotripsy: evolution of residual lithiasis treated with thiazides." 04/01/2013 - "To analyze the effects of aminobisphosphonates and thiazides on renal lithogenic activity and bone mineral density in patients with recurring renal calcium lithiasis. "
10.	TheobromineIBA 06/29/2023 - "Efficacy of Theobromine and Its Metabolites in Reducing the Risk of Uric Acid Lithiasis." 07/07/2020 - "The aim was to compare the efficacy of citrate versus citrate + theobromine as treatment for UA lithiasis. " 06/29/2023 - "Thus, theobromine and its metabolites reduced the risk of uric acid lithiasis." 07/07/2020 - "Comparison of Two Dietary Supplements for Treatment of Uric Acid Renal Lithiasis: Citrate vs. Citrate + Theobromine."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Lithotripsy (Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy) 01/01/2019 - "Treatment with extracorporeal lithotripsy in small lithiasis and in well-selected patients obtains good results with a low rate of complications regardless of sex and body mass index. " 01/01/2012 - "The use of shockwave lithotripsy is currently the mainstay of treatment in renal calculosis. " 06/01/2001 - "Intracorporeal electrohydrolic lithotripsy is effective and safe and should be proposed as the first line treatment of primary or secondary intrahepatic lithiasis." 01/01/2018 - "Extracorporeal lithotripsy and ureteroscopy are currently the gold standard in the treatment of these lithiases. " 09/01/2003 - "[Evaluation of efficacy of lithotripsy in reno-ureter lithiasis]."
2.	Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy 01/01/2010 - "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the "gold standard" in the treatment of symptomatic gallbladder lithiasis. " 01/01/2007 - "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is at present the gold standard treatment of gallbladder lithiasis. " 01/01/2002 - "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard for lithiasis of the gallbladder. " 03/01/1996 - "Only laparoscopic cholecystectomy has satisfied all the requirements for official approval, thus becoming the gold standard for the treatment of gallbladder lithiasis. " 11/01/1992 - "The laparoscopic cholecystectomy is on its way to becoming the gold standard of treatment for gallbladder lithiasis. "
3.	Therapeutics 07/01/2009 - "Percutaneous approach may represent an effective and safe therapy of matrix lithiasis. " 10/01/1998 - "In conclusion, ESWL therapy is a simple, effective and safe modality for the management of vesical lithiasis." 02/01/2010 - "The efficacy of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) as a primary therapy for the treatment of lower pole caliceal lithiasis was determined. " 05/01/1983 - "Initial studies for the 4 remaining patients, which were performed on the 39th day +/- 10 days of i.v. therapy (p less than 0.001), showed gallbladder sludge but did not demonstrate lithiasis. " 01/01/1983 - "While receiving therapy, 19 patients with renal lithiasis were followed for longer than one year with sequential uroradiographic studies. "
4.	Cholecystectomy 03/01/1976 - "These are the so-called biliary panlithiases representing 50% of the cases with intra-hepatic lithiasis in the author's statistics;--cholangiography (both intravenous and intra-canalicular) should be considered as completed only when it provides a representation of the entire biliary system;--one cannot speak at present of a "remaining" or "forgotten" hepato-choledocus stone before the exclusion of the intra-hepatic "forgotten" stone;--the significant reduction of "post-cholecystectomy disturbances" depends on the correct diagnosis and treatment of all stones, indifferent of their site of occurrence (extra- and intra-hepatic)." 01/01/2018 - "The study population consisted of 31 patients with an average age of 49 years (30 women and one man) with biliary lithiasis and who had cholecystectomy. " 03/01/2004 - "The study comprises a lot of 989 cholecystectomies for gall bladder lithiasis performed in the First Surgery Clinic of the University Emergency Hospital of Bucharest throughout three years and a half (2000-June 2003). " 06/01/2001 - "The aim of this study is to show the utility of intraoperative cholangiography IOC in detecting unknown common bile duct calculosis during VLS cholecystectomy. " 07/01/1995 - "In Part One of the study, preoperative clinical, biologic, and ultrasonographic data, and intraoperative cholangiographic findings were collected from 503 consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy for symptomatic lithiasis from 1985 to 1989. "
5.	Stents 08/01/2020 - "The studies included were only comparative randomized controlled trials which included at least one group with tethered ureteral stent and one group with standard stent after the performance of endoscopic surgery for lithiasis of upper urinary tract. " 03/01/2003 - "This study includes 6 patients with difficulty in withdrawing the stents due to lithiasis, who were in the anterior prone position or posterior oblique supine position to receive ESWL treatment. " 12/01/2022 - "The patient has been followed for 2 years and remains globally stable with two episodes of worsening of bilioptysis secondary to stent obstruction by lithiasis that were easily resolved with Fogarty balloon-assisted extraction, with rapid improvement. " 10/01/2021 - "In the multivariate analysis, the use of Ho: YAG energy, the location of the lithiasis in the distal ureter, and the preoperative placement of double J stent, were found to be predictors of SF status. " 12/02/2020 - "La prise en charge des lithiases urétérales comprend les traitements conservateur, médical expulsif, interventionnels comme la pose de stent urétéral, l’urétéroscopie ou la lithotripsie extracorporelle, ainsi que la chimiolyse orale dans certains cas. "