Spastic Paraparesis

Mild or moderate loss of motor function accompanied by spasticity in the lower extremities. This condition is a manifestation of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES that cause injury to the motor cortex or descending motor pathways.

Also Known As:

Networked: 301 relevant articles (11 outcomes, 19 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neurologic Manifestations (Neurological Manifestations)
2.	Muscular Dystrophies (Muscular Dystrophy)
3.	Multiple Sclerosis
4.	Spinal Cord Ischemia
5.	Ataxia (Dyssynergia)

Experts

1.	Kakinohana, Manabu: 6 articles (03/2007 - 11/2002)
2.	Sugahara, Kazuhiro: 5 articles (04/2006 - 11/2002)
3.	Hardy, J: 5 articles (11/2001 - 03/2000)
4.	Shaag, Avraham: 4 articles (01/2017 - 11/2008)
5.	Kalimo, H: 4 articles (07/2008 - 03/2000)
6.	Verkkoniemi, A: 4 articles (07/2008 - 03/2000)
7.	Nakamura, Seiya: 4 articles (04/2006 - 11/2002)
8.	Elpeleg, Orly: 3 articles (01/2017 - 11/2008)
9.	Saada, Ann: 3 articles (01/2017 - 11/2008)
10.	Korman, Stanley H: 3 articles (07/2014 - 03/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Spastic Paraparesis:

1.	BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2007 - "Some patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis have good functional improvement with chronic intrathecal delivery of baclofen if walking is still possible. " 10/01/2020 - "Is intrathecal baclofen an effective treatment for children with hereditary spastic paraparesis?" 01/01/2022 - "The use of intrathecal baclofen for management of spasticity in hereditary spastic paraparesis: A case series." 01/01/2020 - "A 40-year-old woman with hereditary spastic paraparesis (Strumpell-Lorrain disease) with an implanted intrathecal baclofen pump for severe spasticity. " 01/01/2019 - "Introduction: Treatment with intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is a therapeutic option in the management of severe spasticity in patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP). "
2.	SpastinIBA 10/01/2000 - "To study a population of patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis for mutations in the spastin gene (SPG4) on chromosome 2p21-22. " 04/01/2009 - "Posterior fossa abnormalities in hereditary spastic paraparesis with spastin mutations." 07/11/2006 - "Mutations in the spastin gene are the commonest cause of hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP), accounting for up to 40% of autosomal dominant cases. " 03/01/2006 - "Spastin mutations are frequent in sporadic spastic paraparesis and their spectrum is different from that observed in familial cases." 12/01/2005 - "Mutation of the spastin gene is the single most common cause of pure hereditary spastic paraparesis. "
3.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 02/01/2007 - "In an open label study, we analyzed the efficacy of botulinum toxin injection at the lower limbs of patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP). " 02/01/2007 - "Botulinum toxin injection in patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis." 03/01/1995 - "[Treatment of spastic paraparesis with botulinum toxin with reference to beneficial effects, disease severity and long-term treatment]." 06/01/1992 - "We treated three patients with spastic paraparesis with botulinum toxin (BTX). " 08/01/2010 - "Botulinum toxin injections for pediatric patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis."
4.	Oligoclonal BandsIBA 03/01/1989 - "Ten of the 11 patients with positive results had a chronic spastic paraparesis with IgG oligoclonal bands and elevated HTLV-I antibody index. " 09/01/1990 - "All of the TSP/HAM cases exhibited a spastic paraparesis with a chronic and slow evolution and high HTLV-I antibody titers in serum and cerebrospinal fluid, with a high HTLV-I antibody index and specific HTLV-I immunoglobulin = oligoclonal bands. "
5.	Biotin (Vitamin H)FDA Link 03/01/1992 - "After a period of 2 months of oral substitution with biotin 10 mg per day the visual field defects improved as well as the distal spastic parapareses and motor neuropathy. " 12/01/2020 - "To expand the genetic spectrum of hereditary spastic paraparesis by a treatable condition and to evaluate the therapeutic effects of biotin supplementation in an adult patient with biotinidase deficiency (BD). "
6.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1992 - "[Spastic paraparesis and sensory disturbance improved by prednisolone therapy]."
7.	Morphine (MS Contin)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2003 - "Intrathecal administration of morphine, but not small dose, induced spastic paraparesis after a noninjurious interval of aortic occlusion in rats." 11/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate interactions between morphine and GABAergic agonists or antagonists on motor function after spinal cord ischemia and then clarify the mechanism of the spastic paraparesis induced by intrathecal morphine. " 11/01/2002 - "In this study, we investigate interactions between morphine and GABAergic agonists or antagonists on motor function after spinal cord ischemia and then clarified the mechanism of the spastic paraparesis induced by intrathecal morphine. " 03/01/2003 - "We sought to investigate the dose-response relationship for the effect of intrathecal morphine on the transient spastic paraparesis after short-lasting spinal ischemia in rats. " 11/01/2002 - "We have previously demonstrated that intrathecal morphine given after a noninjurious interval of spinal cord ischemia induced transient spastic paraparesis in a rodent model. "
8.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 01/01/1996 - "In the present study we examined the presence of HTLV-I provirus genomic DNA by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and by DNA hybridization in mouthwash samples obtained from 13 Mashhadi-born Iranian Jews with spastic paraparesis associated with HTLV-I, 4 Mashhadi-born Iranian Jews asymptomatic carriers for HTLV-I and 21 healthy controls. " 09/20/2002 - "Failure to detect HTLV type 1 DNA from HTLV type 1-seronegative patients with chronic progressive spastic paraparesis in Kagoshima." 11/01/1993 - "None of the non-Mashhadi Iranian Jews was seropositive or PCR-positive for HTLV-I proviral DNA, or had clinical signs of spastic paraparesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 05/01/1991 - "Amplifications of multiple regions of the HTLV-I genome from DNA of an Italian spastic paraparesis patient but not from DNA of multiple sclerosis patients." 08/15/1988 - "DNA blotting analysis of human retroviruses in cerebrospinal fluid of spastic paraparesis patients: the viruses are identical to human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1)."
9.	Type A Botulinum Toxins (Botox)FDA Link 12/01/2000 - "Botulinum toxin type-A treatment in spastic paraparesis: a neurophysiological study." 01/01/2007 - "[The application of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of spastic paraparesis]." 01/01/2017 - "Serial Casting as an Adjunct to Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment in Children With Cerebral Palsy and Spastic Paraparesis With Scissoring of the Lower Extremities." 01/01/2007 - "The introduction of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) has brought a new approach to the treatment for spasticity and pain connected, in the patients with spastic paraparesis in course of multiple sclerosis, posttraumatic and angiogenic lesion of brain and spinal cord. "
10.	4-Aminopyridine (4 Aminopyridine)FDA Link 01/01/2016 - "The Effects of Dalfampridine on Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis." 07/15/1998 - "In order to study the effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on impulse conduction in multiple sclerosis (MS), we studied motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) in the upper (U/E) and lower extremities (L/E) of six MS patients with stable spastic paraparesis before and after intravenous administration of 4-AP. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 11/01/2022 - "ITB therapy is indicated for patients with severe spastic paraparesis that do not respond sufficiently to first-line medical therapy or in whom the side effects complicate treatment. " 03/01/1997 - "Ten F-waves were recorded immediately before and after the therapy with a motorized exercise-cycle in 70 legs of 35 patients with spastic paraparesis. " 06/01/1992 - "We concluded that, in selected cases, BTX therapy is useful for spastic paraparesis to alleviate hypertonicity of the adductors." 02/25/2016 - "Here we report a 27 year old Sri Lankan Muslim male with haemoglobin E-Beta thalassaemia presented with episodic spastic paraparesis when he was anaemic which was dramatically responded to blood transfusion therapy. " 11/01/1997 - "Neurosurgical decompression therapy was, therefore, performed to alleviate his spastic paraparesis. "
2.	Injections 05/01/2005 - "In conclusion, short-term NS accelerates the effectiveness of intramuscular BTXA injections on the neuromuscular blockade in patients with spastic paraparesis and could induce a rapid and persistent improvement in spasticity. " 03/01/1995 - "In conclusion, the beneficial effects of botulinum injections to spastic paraparesis were (1) improvement of objective symptoms in mild cases, (2) improvement of ADL in moderate cases, and (3) improvement of objective symptoms and ease of nursing care in severe cases. " 08/01/2010 - "Botulinum toxin injections for pediatric patients with hereditary spastic paraparesis." 03/01/1995 - "We administered local botulinum toxin injections on the leg adductors of 12 patients with spastic paraparesis (9 patients with HAM, 2 patients with spinal spastic paraparesis, 1 patient with an identified degenerative disease). "
3.	Liver Transplantation 03/01/2008 - "One patient experienced improved neurologic symptoms after liver transplantation, whereas the other patient only received medical treatment, which did not prevent the progression of spastic paraparesis."
4.	Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy 01/01/2021 - "Improved Function in a Runner With Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis With Use of Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy: Personal Clinical Experience."
5.	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 09/28/2007 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate Motor Evoked Potentials (MEPs) and cortical excitability, using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) as well as short latency Somatosensory Evoked Potentials (SEPs) in Autosomal Dominant Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (ADHSP) patients. " 01/01/2003 - "Transcranial magnetic stimulation study in hereditary spastic paraparesis." 06/01/2014 - "A MEDLINE search was performed using following terms: 'motor evoked potentials', 'transcranial magnetic stimulation', 'central motor conduction', 'compressive myelopathy', 'spinal cord infarction', 'spinal cord injury', 'syringomyelia', 'myelitis', 'hereditary spastic paraparesis', 'subacute combined degeneration' and 'hepatic myelopathy'. " 01/01/2003 - "The motor-evoked potentials and the cortical excitability by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) were studied in a family with chromosome 2p linked (due to mutations in spastin) and in a family with chromosome 16q linked (due to mutations in paraplegin) hereditary spastic paraparesis (HSP), in order to evaluate the utility of these techniques in identifying the subgroups of the disease. "