Migraine without Aura (Common Migraine)

Recurrent unilateral pulsatile headaches, not preceded or accompanied by an aura, in attacks lasting 4-72 hours. It is characterized by PAIN of moderate to severe intensity; aggravated by physical activity; and associated with NAUSEA and / or PHOTOPHOBIA and PHONOPHOBIA. (International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd ed. Cephalalgia 2004: suppl 1)

Also Known As:

Networked: 556 relevant articles (42 outcomes, 123 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Headache (Headaches)
2.	Migraine with Aura (Familial Hemiplegic Migraine)
3.	Migraine Disorders (Migraine)
4.	Pain (Aches)
5.	Epilepsy (Aura)

Experts

1.	Ashina, Messoud: 22 articles (01/2022 - 01/2009)
2.	Olesen, Jes: 13 articles (01/2020 - 01/2003)
3.	Olesen, J: 13 articles (05/2013 - 07/2000)
4.	de Tommaso, Marina: 10 articles (01/2018 - 06/2004)
5.	Ghanizada, Hashmat: 6 articles (10/2021 - 11/2018)
6.	Guo, Song: 6 articles (01/2019 - 12/2016)
7.	Livrea, Paolo: 6 articles (08/2014 - 08/2005)
8.	Younis, Samaira: 5 articles (01/2021 - 01/2019)
9.	Amin, Faisal Mohammad: 5 articles (10/2019 - 02/2017)
10.	Serpino, Claudia: 5 articles (03/2012 - 10/2007)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Migraine without Aura:

1.	Propranolol (Inderal)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2023 - "Lack of Benefit of Propranolol Prophylaxis in Children with Migraine without Aura." 12/01/2004 - "Two subjects fulfilled IHS criteria 1.1 for migraine without aura after propranolol but not after placebo. " 06/29/1974 - "Forty-nine patients with either classic or common migraine were treated with propranolol 160 mg/day for an average of six months. " 01/01/2023 - "Effect of Propranolol Prophylaxis on Headache Frequency in Children with Migraine Without Aura: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial." 04/01/1993 - "Thirty patients with severe classical and common migraine participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study of migraine prophylaxis with propranolol LA (long-acting) 80 mg once daily, or propranolol LA 160 mg once daily or placebo. "
2.	Valproic Acid (Depakote)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2013 - "Acupuncture versus valproic acid in the prophylaxis of migraine without aura: a prospective controlled study." 04/01/1994 - "We included 43 patients with migraine without aura in a triple-blind, placebo- and dose-controlled, crossover study of the prophylactic effect of slow-release sodium valproate; 34 patients completed the trial. " 05/01/2013 - "He was diagnosed as having migraine without aura and successfully treated with valproic acid. " 04/01/1994 - "We conclude that sodium valproate is an effective and well-tolerated prophylactic medication for migraine without aura." 04/01/1994 - "Sodium valproate has a prophylactic effect in migraine without aura: a triple-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study."
3.	Sumatriptan (Imigran)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1997 - "We conducted an open study on the efficacy of 50 mg of sumatriptan as an acute treatment for migraine without aura. " 03/01/2014 - "Comparison between the efficacy of ginger and sumatriptan in the ablative treatment of the common migraine." 07/01/1997 - "Sumatriptan in the acute treatment of migraine without aura: efficacy of 50-mg dose." 01/01/2006 - "These results suggest that oral sumatriptan may be effective and is well tolerated for the acute treatment of probable migraine without aura, however, the difference between sumatriptan and placebo was not statistically significant for the a priori defined primary endpoint." 01/01/2001 - "Of 12 patients with migraine without aura and their sex- and age-matched healthy controls, CNV characteristics were recorded once in an interictal period, once during the postattack period within 30 hours after an attack that was treated with sumatriptan, and once after an attack that was treated with habitual nonvasoactive medication (counterbalanced). "
4.	Topiramate (Topamax)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2013 - "In the present study we report the results of an open label, parallel group, randomized, controlled study performed to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and impact on disability of two different formulations of topiramate (Sincronil and Topamax) in patients with migraine without aura. " 05/01/2014 - "To evaluate the currently published data pertaining to the efficacy and safety of topiramate for prophylaxis of classic and common migraine in pediatric patients. " 09/01/2013 - "Sixty patients aged between 18 and 65 years, suffering from migraine without aura with an attack frequency of 3-15 attacks/month were enrolled and received, after a titration phase lasting 20 days, randomly either Sincronil or Topamax at the dose of 25 mg twice daily for 3 months. " 07/01/2017 - "In this open-label randomized controlled study, we aimed to test the efficacy of a biofeedback training based on learning of habituation of the NBR (NBR biofeedback) compared with pharmacological (topiramate) treatment and NBR biofeedback plus topiramate treatment in a cohort of migraine without aura patients eligible for prophylaxis. " 01/01/2010 - "The aim of this study was to compare the recovery cycle of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in children with migraine without aura before and after treatment with topiramate. "
5.	Nitric Oxide (Nitrogen Monoxide)FDA Link 04/01/2010 - "Blockade of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) by L-nitromonomethylarginine effectively treats attacks of migraine without aura. " 03/01/2000 - "Many reports indicate that nitric oxide (NO) could be involved in migraine without aura (MWA), an extremely diffuse clinical event. " 02/16/2010 - "Compared to patients with migraine with aura (MA) and migraine without aura (MO), patients with familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM) without known gene mutations display a reduced sensitivity to nitric oxide. " 09/01/1999 - "In recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that the messenger molecule nitric oxide (NO) is involved in pain mechanisms of migraine without aura. " 11/01/2008 - "Blockade of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) by L-NMMA effectively treats attacks of migraine without aura. "
6.	Timolol (Blocadren)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1987 - "Timolol maleate, a beta blocker, in the treatment of common migraine headache." 01/01/1986 - "In a multicentre study including 96 patients calculation of 95% confidence limits demonstrated that timolol and propranolol are equally effective in common migraine prophylaxis. " 01/01/1984 - "It is concluded that timolol and propranolol are equally effective in the used doses (1:8) for common migraine prophylaxis." 01/01/1984 - "Common migraine sufferers (25 males, 71 females) with a history of 2-6 attacks per month participated in a 4-centre trial comparing the prophylactic effect of timolol (10 mg b.i.d.) and propranolol (80 mg b.i.d.) to placebo. " 01/01/1984 - "Timolol vs propranolol vs placebo in common migraine prophylaxis: a double-blind multicenter trial."
7.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 01/01/2022 - "This study aimed to investigate whether large-scale network dysfunction in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) could predict the efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). " 01/01/2022 - "This study aims to evaluate whether the combination of machine learning and amygdala-related functional features could help predict the efficacy of NSAIDs in patients with migraine without aura (MwoA). "
8.	Therapeutic UsesIBA 01/01/2021 - "The aim of this study was to compare the differences in regional homogeneity (ReHo) between patients with migraine without aura (MwoA) and healthy controls (HCs) and to explore the immediate and cumulative therapeutic effect of acupuncture in patients with MwoA using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). " 10/12/2022 - "To observe therapeutic effect of acupuncture on migraine without aura and the changes of brain functional connectivity (FC) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). " 01/01/2022 - "The cumulative therapeutic effect of acupuncture in patients with migraine without aura: Evidence from dynamic alterations of intrinsic brain activity and effective connectivity." 12/01/2013 - "Sanno-shashin-to might have both prophylactic and therapeutic effects against migraine without aura. " 08/01/2007 - "To probe into the therapeutic effect of ear point combined therapy on common migraine at the remission stage and the mechanism. "
9.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1992 - "Trial of oral diclofenac for the acute treatment of common migraine attacks." 05/01/1991 - "A hundred and seven patients suffering from migraine without aura were included, and 91 were analysed for efficacy; they had to treat four successive attacks--two with diclofenac and two with placebo. " 05/01/1991 - "Effectiveness of oral diclofenac in the acute treatment of common migraine attacks: a double-blind study versus placebo." 10/01/2020 - "Diclofenac potassium for OS is approved for the treatment of migraine with aura (MWA) or migraine without aura (MWoA) in adults 18 years of age or older. " 06/01/2002 - "60 patients with migraine with aura and 60 patients with migraine without aura were assigned at random to receiving intramuscular diclofenac, 75 mg associated to intravenous physiological saline, 10 ml, or physiological saline alone. "
10.	FlunarizineIBA 03/01/1986 - "A placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over trial of flunarizine in common migraine." 05/01/1985 - "Flunarizine in common migraine: Italian cooperative trial. " 05/01/1985 - "Flunarizine in common migraine: Italian cooperative trial. " 07/01/2004 - "We investigated the antimigraine activity of flunarizine and its influence on NO and oxidative marker bioavailability in 25 subjects suffering from migraine without aura and in 25 healthy controls. " 05/01/2003 - "Normalization of high interictal cerebrovascular reactivity in migraine without aura by treatment with flunarizine."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2022 - "Acupuncture is an effective and safe therapy for patients with migraine without aura (MwoA), but only 41-59% of patients show improvement with this treatment. " 08/01/2007 - "Thirty-two cases of common migraine at the remission stage were treated with ear point combined therapy, including blood-letting at ear back, injection of autoblood into Fengchi (GB 20), Yanglingquan (GB 34), and pricking at ear points Nie, Yi-dan (pancreas and gallbladder), Shenmen, etc.. " 10/01/2006 - "With the study method of randomized controlled trial, 108 cases of common migraine at the attack stage were randomly assigned to a treatment group of 72 cases treated with synthetic auricular point therapy (blood-letting on the ear back, point injection of own blood, pricking ear point), and a control group of 36 cases treated with Western medicine. " 11/01/2012 - "It is the simple and effective therapy for migraine without aura." 01/01/2010 - "Response to Ayurvedic therapy in the treatment of migraine without aura."
2.	Vagus Nerve Stimulation 01/01/2022 - "Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been verified to be effective in patients with migraine without aura (MWoA). " 01/01/2022 - "Early Fractional Amplitude of Low Frequency Fluctuation Can Predict the Efficacy of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Treatment for Migraine Without Aura." 01/01/2023 - "Altered functional brain network patterns in patients with migraine without aura after transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation." 01/01/2020 - "The Instant Effects of Continuous Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation at Acupoints on the Functional Connectivity of Amygdala in Migraine without Aura: A Preliminary Study." 05/01/2021 - "Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) and supraorbital nerve stimulation (SNS) are considered effective in treating acute migraine attacks, the latter being more pronounced in migraine without aura. "
3.	Ear Acupuncture 11/01/2012 - "To assess objectively the efficacy of migraine without aura treated by comprehensive auricular acupuncture. " 11/01/2012 - "[Migraine without aura treated by comprehensive auricular acupuncture: a multicentral controlled study]." 01/01/2012 - "This study compares the clinical effectiveness of somatic and ear acupuncture for treatment of migraine without aura. " 01/01/2012 - "These results, though preliminary, are quite promising in supporting the effectiveness of ear acupuncture for treatment of migraine without aura." 11/01/2012 - "The comprehensive auricular acupuncture reduces apparently the headache score for migraine without aura and relieves the clinical symptoms of migraine. "
4.	Psychology Biofeedback (Biofeedback) 01/01/1997 - "Thirty-eight patients, suffering from migraine without aura, either obtained treatment in the following sequence: blood-volume-pulse biofeedback followed by cognitive behavioral therapy (Group I) or were given the treatment in reverse order (Group II). " 09/01/1993 - "Italian experience of electromyographic-biofeedback treatment of episodic common migraine: preliminary results." 02/01/1988 - "The differential effects of biofeedback in the treatment of classical and common migraine." 09/01/1993 - "Ten female patients with episodic common migraine (age 20-35 years, age of disease onset 16.2 +/- 5.1 years, illness duration 13.6 +/- 10.7 years) were treated by 16 twice-weekly electromyographic biofeedback and relaxation training sessions with breathing exercises. " 06/01/1993 - "Effect of biofeedback treatment on sympathetic function in common migraine and tension-type headache."
5.	Acupuncture Points (Acupuncture Point) 07/19/2022 - "This randomized controlled trial aims to use true acupoints for non-penetrating acupuncture as control to evaluate the efficacy of manual acupuncture for the prophylaxis of migraine without aura (MWoA). " 01/01/2020 - "The Instant Effects of Continuous Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation at Acupoints on the Functional Connectivity of Amygdala in Migraine without Aura: A Preliminary Study." 06/25/2019 - "A total of 40 cases of migraine without aura were equally randomized into a headache-acupoint group and a sham-acupoint group. " 01/01/2018 - "Participants in the two patient groups received verum acupuncture using acupoints that target migraine without aura but not cervicogenic headache, while the healthy controls received a sham treatment. "