Penetrating Head Injuries (Penetrating Head Injury)

Head injuries which feature compromise of the skull and dura mater. These may result from gunshot wounds (WOUNDS, GUNSHOT), stab wounds (WOUNDS, STAB), and other forms of trauma.

Also Known As:

Penetrating Head Injury; Head Injuries, Penetrating; Head Injuries, Penetrating, Missile; Head Injury, Penetrating; Head Trauma, Penetrating; Penetrating Missile Injuries, Head; Brain Injury, Penetrating; Cranial Traumas, Penetrating; Craniocerebral Traumas, Penetrating; Head Traumas, Penetrating; Injuries, Penetrating Head; Injury, Penetrating Head; Penetrating Brain Injuries; Penetrating Brain Injury; Penetrating Cranial Trauma; Penetrating Cranial Traumas; Penetrating Craniocerebral Trauma; Penetrating Craniocerebral Traumas; Penetrating Head Trauma; Penetrating Head Traumas; Trauma, Penetrating Cranial; Trauma, Penetrating Craniocerebral; Trauma, Penetrating Head; Traumas, Penetrating Cranial; Traumas, Penetrating Craniocerebral; Traumas, Penetrating Head; Brain Injuries, Penetrating; Cranial Trauma, Penetrating; Craniocerebral Trauma, Penetrating; Missile Injuries, Penetrating, Head

Networked: 109 relevant articles (1 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Edema (Dropsy)
2.	Cerebral Hemorrhage
3.	Gunshot Wounds (Gunshot Wound)
4.	Closed Head Injuries
5.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)

Experts

1.	Bell, Randy S: 6 articles (12/2019 - 05/2010)
2.	Armonda, Rocco A: 6 articles (04/2017 - 05/2010)
3.	Szuflita, Nicholas S: 3 articles (12/2019 - 04/2017)
4.	Elias, Paul Z: 3 articles (02/2015 - 07/2012)
5.	Spector, Myron: 3 articles (02/2015 - 07/2012)
6.	Grafman, Jordan: 3 articles (01/2014 - 02/2008)
7.	Hoz, Samer S: 2 articles (01/2020 - 10/2018)
8.	Davidsson, Johan: 2 articles (06/2019 - 09/2015)
9.	Günther, Mattias: 2 articles (06/2019 - 09/2015)
10.	Risling, Mårten: 2 articles (06/2019 - 09/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Penetrating Head Injuries:

1.	Heme Oxygenase-1IBA 07/01/2011 - "Selective brain cooling in rats ameliorates intracerebral hemorrhage and edema caused by penetrating brain injury: possible involvement of heme oxygenase-1 expression."
2.	CollagenIBA 07/30/2012 - "Implantation of a collagen scaffold seeded with adult rat hippocampal progenitors in a rat model of penetrating brain injury." 02/01/2015 - "Treatment of penetrating brain injury in a rat model using collagen scaffolds incorporating soluble Nogo receptor." 07/20/2012 - "Characterization of a bilateral penetrating brain injury in rats and evaluation of a collagen biomaterial for potential treatment." 02/01/2015 - "This study examined the treatment of penetrating brain injury (PBI) in a rat model with collagen biomaterials and a soluble Nogo receptor (sNgR) molecule. "
3.	N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptors (NMDA Receptors)IBA 05/01/2012 - "Persistent region-dependent neuroinflammation, NMDA receptor loss and atrophy in an animal model of penetrating brain injury." 12/01/2000 - "This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, c-fos, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and nNOS in the cellular processes following a penetrating brain injury. "
4.	Messenger RNA (mRNA)IBA 04/01/1992 - "Here we show that mRNA encoding TGF-beta 1 increased in rat cerebral cortex after a penetrating brain injury. " 02/01/2016 - "In the present study, levels of aromatase immunoprotein, neural E2 and steroid receptor mRNA were quantified in adult male and female zebra finches 48 h following a unilateral penetrating brain injury. "
5.	Biocompatible Materials (Biomaterials)IBA 07/20/2012 - "Characterization of a bilateral penetrating brain injury in rats and evaluation of a collagen biomaterial for potential treatment." 02/01/2015 - "This study examined the treatment of penetrating brain injury (PBI) in a rat model with collagen biomaterials and a soluble Nogo receptor (sNgR) molecule. "
6.	Aromatase (CYP19)IBA 03/01/1999 - "The same result, the de novo induction of aromatase expression in reactive astrocytes on the hippocampus, was observed after a penetrating brain injury. " 02/01/2016 - "In the present study, levels of aromatase immunoprotein, neural E2 and steroid receptor mRNA were quantified in adult male and female zebra finches 48 h following a unilateral penetrating brain injury. "
7.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)IBA 12/01/2000 - "This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, c-fos, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and nNOS in the cellular processes following a penetrating brain injury. "
8.	Steroid Receptors (Steroid Receptor)IBA 02/01/2016 - "In the present study, levels of aromatase immunoprotein, neural E2 and steroid receptor mRNA were quantified in adult male and female zebra finches 48 h following a unilateral penetrating brain injury. "
9.	Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (Somatomedin A)IBA 12/01/2000 - "This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-II, c-fos, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, and nNOS in the cellular processes following a penetrating brain injury. "
10.	ElementsIBA 04/01/2016 - "In this study, the degree of damage as a consequence of penetrating head injuries due to gunshot wounds was determined using a preliminary finite element (FE) model of the human skull. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Decompressive Craniectomy 05/01/2010 - "Criteria for inclusion in this study consisted of either a closed or a penetrating head injury sustained in combat operations, resulting in the performance of a decompressive craniectomy and subsequent cranioplasty at either the WRAMC or NNMC. " 12/01/2019 - "The authors follow this with a review of the current literature pertaining to decompressive craniectomy, and finally provide their recommendations for some of the technical nuances of performing decompressive hemicraniectomy after severe or penetrating brain injury." 12/01/2019 - "The following case is illustrative of potential clinical courses, complications, and efforts to salvage inadequately-sized decompressive craniectomies performed for combat-related severe and penetrating brain injury. " 06/01/2019 - "Up to our knowledge, there are no cases in the literature reported in which decompressive craniectomy was necessary after a transorbital penetrating head trauma." 05/01/2010 - "In this population, a total of 188 decompressive craniectomies were performed (154 for penetrating head injury, 22 for closed head injury, and 12 for unknown injury mechanism). "
2.	Craniotomy 02/01/2022 - "Patients with penetrating brain injury, any moderate/severe organ injury other than the brain, need for craniotomy/craniectomy, death within 24 hours of admission, or progression of bleed on 6 hour follow-up head computed tomography scan were excluded. " 11/01/2011 - "A case of the syndrome of the trephined progressing to paradoxical herniation is presented in a patient with a penetrating brain injury, postdecompressive craniectomy, and a delayed cerebral spinal fluid leak from a skull base defect. " 07/01/2011 - "There are no published long-term data for patients with penetrating head injury treated with bilateral supratentorial craniectomy, or supra- and infratentorial craniectomy. " 08/01/2010 - "Craniotomies or craniectomies for penetrating brain injuries were the most common procedures. " 05/01/2001 - "The most critical complications of craniotomy are caused by the plunging of a skull drill, and there have been no reports of penetrating brain injury caused by the broken burr of a high-speed air drill during craniotomy. "
3.	Therapeutics 06/01/2009 - "Transorbital penetrating brain injuries are rare lesions without defined therapy standards. " 06/01/2023 - "We excluded patients with penetrating head injuries, recent surgical evacuation of EDH, or depressed skull fracture requiring surgical repair and assigned the remaining subjects to the immediate surgery group if they underwent immediate surgical evacuation, to the supportive-therapy-only group if they underwent observation only, and to the delayed surgery group if they underwent surgery after observation. " 01/01/1983 - "Dimethyl sulfoxide therapy following penetrating brain injury." 03/01/1971 - "Stevens-Johnson syndrome following anticonvulsant therapy in penetrating head injury."
4.	Debridement 01/01/2010 - "The neurological sequelae following the non missile penetrating head injuries are determined by the severity and location of initial injury as well as the rapidity of the exploration and fastidious debridement." 01/01/2020 - "The findings in the present case demonstrate that in the case of a penetrating head trauma with a wooden foreign body, surgical removal and active debridement should be the treatment of first choice." 08/01/2003 - "Minimal debridement or simple wound closure as the only surgical treatment in war victims with low-velocity penetrating head injuries. " 11/01/2014 - "We present a rare case of penetrating brain injury with a long machete, who underwent emergency craniotomy, removal of the weapon, debridement and evacuation of the brain contusion and dural repair. "
5.	Neurosurgical Procedures 12/01/2017 - "Healthcare-associated meningitis or ventriculitis (HCAMV) is a serious and life-threatening complication of invasive neurosurgical procedures or penetrating head trauma. " 04/01/2016 - " Healthcare-associated meningitis or ventriculitis is a serious and life-threatening complication of invasive neurosurgical procedures or penetrating head trauma. " 03/01/2005 - "Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are rare complications of closed and penetrating head injuries and may also be related to a variety of neurosurgical procedures. "