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Central Sleep Apnea (Central Sleep Apnea Syndrome)

A condition associated with multiple episodes of sleep apnea which are distinguished from obstructive sleep apnea (SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE) by the complete cessation of efforts to breathe. This disorder is associated with dysfunction of central nervous system centers that regulate respiration.
Also Known As:
Central Sleep Apnea Syndrome; Sleep Apnea, Central; Apnea, Central; Apnea, Central Sleep; Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome; Central Sleep Apnea, Primary; Central Sleep Apnea, Secondary; Central Sleep Disordered Breathing; Newborn Primary Sleep Apneas; Primary Central Sleep Apnea; Primary Sleep Apneas of Newborn; Secondary Central Sleep Apnea; Sleep Apnea, Lethal Central; Sleep Apnea, Newborn, Primary; Alveolar Hypoventilation, Central; Alveolar Hypoventilations, Central; Apneas, Central; Apneas, Central Sleep; Breathing, Central Sleep-Disordered; Breathings, Central Sleep-Disordered; Central Alveolar Hypoventilation; Central Apnea; Central Apneas; Central Sleep Apneas; Central Sleep-Disordered Breathing; Central Sleep-Disordered Breathings; Hypoventilations, Central Alveolar; Sleep Apneas, Central; Sleep Disordered Breathing, Central; Sleep-Disordered Breathings, Central; Apnea, Sleep, Central; Hypoventilation, Central Alveolar; Ondine Syndrome; Sleep-Disordered Breathing, Central
Networked: 733 relevant articles (56 outcomes, 85 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Apnea
2. Sleep Apnea Syndromes (Sleep Apnea)
3. Heart Failure
4. Obstructive Sleep Apnea
5. Disorders of Excessive Somnolence (Hypersomnia)

Experts

1. Javaheri, Shahrokh: 26 articles (05/2022 - 02/2003)
2. Badr, M Safwan: 16 articles (05/2022 - 01/2006)
3. Malhotra, Atul: 12 articles (05/2022 - 02/2007)
4. Morgenthaler, Timothy I: 12 articles (12/2021 - 09/2006)
5. Oldenburg, Olaf: 11 articles (01/2021 - 01/2014)
6. Chowdhuri, Susmita: 10 articles (01/2021 - 01/2010)
7. Bradley, T Douglas: 10 articles (01/2018 - 05/2005)
8. Emdin, Michele: 9 articles (10/2021 - 11/2010)
9. Giannoni, Alberto: 9 articles (10/2021 - 11/2010)
10. Arzt, Michael: 9 articles (06/2021 - 06/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Central Sleep Apnea:
1. Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA
2. Acetazolamide (Diamox)FDA LinkGeneric
3. Oxyhemoglobins (Oxyhemoglobin)IBA
12/15/1999 - "Treatment with O2 resulted in a significant reduction in AHI (49+/-19 vs 29+/-29, means+/-SD), central apnea index (28+/-23 vs 13+/-18 per hour), and the percent of total sleep time below an arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation of 90% (23+/-21% vs 0.8+/-2.3%). "
01/01/2022 - "The lowest arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation (min SaO₂) (P = 0.007) was lower, the percentage of time spent below arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation less than 90% (T90) (P = 0.005) was higher, and central apnea index per hour (CAI/h) (P = 0.04) was higher among the deceased. "
07/01/2003 - "SHHS methodologies have been previously reported and include performance of overnight, in-home polysomnography (PSG), which recorded variables reflecting sleep architecture and breathing, permitting identification of obstructive and central apneas, hypopneas, periodic breathing and oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO(2)). "
05/01/2002 - "Relative to the first-night PSG, on the second PSG, we observed the following: shorter latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep (P<0.001), increased sleep efficiency (P<0.01), decreased wake after sleep onset (WASO) time (P<0.01), decreased percentage of non-REM time with oxyhemoglobin saturation by pulse oximetry (SpO(2))< or =90% (P<0.05), decreased number of central apneas per hour (P<0.05) and reduced respiratory rate in stage 2 sleep on night 2 (P<0.05). "
07/01/2022 - "In 67% of these cases, MMA resulted in CMAI% <25 (median CMAI%, 6.1%; 2.1-8.9) and significantly improved the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) (p < 0.001), the lowest oxyhemoglobin saturation (p < 0.001), central and mixed apnea index (p < 0.001), percentage of central and mixed apneas of total AHI (p = 0.004), central apnea index (p < 0.001), and mixed apnea index (p < 0.001). "
4. Carbon DioxideIBA
5. Opioid Analgesics (Opioids)IBA
6. Theophylline (Theon)FDA LinkGeneric
7. BenzodiazepinesIBA
8. Caffeine (No Doz)FDA LinkGeneric
9. Mirtazapine (Rexer)FDA LinkGeneric
10. Iloprost (Ventavis)FDA Link

Therapies and Procedures

1. Therapeutics
2. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
3. Tracheostomy
4. Mechanical Ventilators (Ventilator)
5. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy