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Antithrombin III Deficiency

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An absence or reduced level of Antithrombin III leading to an increased risk for thrombosis.

Also Known As:

Antithrombin 3 Deficiency; Deficiency, Antithrombin III; Antithrombin 3 Deficiencies; Antithrombin III Deficiencies; Deficiencies, Antithrombin 3; Deficiencies, Antithrombin III; Deficiency, Antithrombin 3

Networked: 265 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 11 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)
2.	Thrombocytopenia (Thrombopenia)
3.	Protein S Deficiency (Deficiency, Protein S)
4.	Thrombophilia
5.	Protein C Deficiency

Experts

1.	Liu, Junli: 2 articles (12/2006 - 03/2005)
2.	Gurgey, A: 2 articles (01/2006 - 03/2001)
3.	Gunaydin, Serdar: 1 article (01/2015)
4.	Özdemir, Hasan H: 1 article (01/2015)
5.	Acar, Abdullah: 1 article (01/2015)
6.	Liu, Jui-Chen: 1 article (01/2015)
7.	Hsu, Yi-Ting: 1 article (01/2015)
8.	Varol, Sefer: 1 article (01/2015)
9.	Demir, Caner F: 1 article (01/2015)
10.	Huang, Hung Yu: 1 article (01/2015)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Antithrombin III Deficiency:

1.	Antithrombin IIIIBA 03/01/1995 - "Based on the published data, one can state that AT III concentrates may be beneficial in some special clinical situations in patients with hereditary antithrombin III deficiency (such as delivery, acute serious thromboembolic complications and postoperative thromboprophylaxis). " 03/01/1995 - "In hereditary antithrombin III deficiency, randomized clinical trials are completely lacking and only few and small sized randomized studies were performed in patients with acquired AT III deficiency. " 01/01/1991 - "[Clinical study of the therapeutic value of Kybernin in the treatment of antithrombin III deficiency]." 12/01/1995 - "Use of antithrombin III concentrates to correct antithrombin III deficiency during vascular surgery." 09/01/1995 - " The patient was initially felt to be at high risk for a congenital antithrombin III deficiency because of her profoundly low plasma level and thus treated with antithrombin III concentrates. "
2.	Heparin (Liquaemin)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2006 - "Antithrombin III deficiency has been previously cited as the cause of heparin resistance. " 12/01/1999 - "Patients with antithrombin III deficiency should receive full therapeutic heparin therapy for the entire pregnancy, irrespective of their thromboembolic history. " 09/16/1999 - "[Antithrombin III deficiency: when substitute, when heparin? " 11/01/1998 - "A case report of heparin resistance due to acquired antithrombin III deficiency." 01/01/1994 - "Effects of heparin addition and antithrombin III deficiency."
3.	argatroban (MPQA)FDA Link 08/01/2003 - "Argatroban was an effective and safe anticoagulant for haemodialysis in patients with congenital or acquired antithrombin III deficiency." 08/01/2003 - "A retrospective nationwide survey was conducted among patients with congenital or acquired antithrombin III deficiency who had undergone haemodialysis with argatroban as an anticoagulant from April 1996 to April 2000. " 08/01/2003 - "Effects of argatroban as an anticoagulant for haemodialysis in patients with antithrombin III deficiency." 12/01/2001 - "Successful use of argatroban as an anticoagulant in burn-related severe acquired antithrombin III deficiency after heparin failure." 09/01/1997 - "Because argatroban has a fast acting anticoagulant effect without any cofactors such as antithrombin III, this drug is a favorable anticoagulant for heparin-intolerant patients with antithrombin III deficiencies requiring extracorporeal circulation. "
4.	Ancrod (Arvin)IBA 07/01/1988 - "We report the cases of seven patients in whom anticoagulant therapy was begun with ancrod instead of heparin for one or more of the following reasons: (1) failure to achieve systemic anticoagulation in response to heparin (e.g., antithrombin III deficiency), (2) heparin-associated complications (e.g., thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, or both), and (3) combined anticoagulation and improved blood rheology considered to be potentially more beneficial than anticoagulation alone (e.g., massive thrombosis). "
5.	Protein CIBA 01/01/1984 - "Confirmation of the importance of screening for such anomalies is supplied by results of a study of 11 families with antithrombin III deficiency and 9 families deficients in protein C, and a literature review of cases. " 09/01/2011 - "Indeed, reports of coexisting protein C and antithrombin III deficiencies are not existent in the literature and likely are not compatible with life. " 08/01/2001 - "Protein C and antithrombin III deficiency were the most common coagulopathies among 14 tested patients. " 02/01/1997 - "None of the women had protein C or antithrombin III deficiency. " 03/01/1995 - "Of the 72 patients, 9 (12.5%) were diagnosed as having DPG, and several antithrombin-III deficiency and protein C and S deficiency were identified. "
6.	Protein SIBA 06/01/2000 - "None of the patients or control subjects had protein S or antithrombin III deficiency. " 01/01/2000 - "Two patients were found to have combined protein S and antithrombin III deficiency, and one had combined protein S and C deficiency and APCR. " 11/01/1990 - "Familial antithrombin III deficiency and persistently lowered free protein S levels in the proposita were found. " 11/01/1990 - "Inherited deficiencies of protein S, an inhibitor of the coagulation system, are now recognized as occurring at least twice as frequently as antithrombin III deficiency in patients with venous thrombosis. " 03/01/1997 - "Acquired protein S and antithrombin III deficiency caused by nephrotic syndrome: an unusual cause of graft thrombosis."
7.	factor V LeidenIBA 08/01/2003 - "Two patients were heterozygous for factor V Leiden; 1 patient had antithrombin III deficiency. " 01/01/2007 - "We reported here a case of bilateral chylothorax as a result of widespread thrombi formation in a patient who was heterozygote for factor V leiden gene mutation and who had antithrombin III deficiency. " 06/01/2006 - "Portal, splenic and mesenteric vein thrombosis in a patient with factor V Leiden mutation and antithrombin III deficiency." 11/01/2001 - "Hypercoagulable states, such as antithrombin III deficiency, protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, or factor V Leiden mutation should be considered in those patients who develop VTE in the absence of known risk factors. " 08/01/2004 - "Of the 2825 patients, 70 were diagnosed to have inheritance as a cause of thrombophilia with a frequency of 2.3% for protein C deficiency, 1.4% for protein S deficiency, 1.5% for antithrombin III deficiency, 14.2% for factor V leiden mutation and 2.0% for homocystenemia. "
8.	Prothrombin (Factor II)IBA 06/01/2004 - "Antithrombin III deficiency, homozygous MTHFR C677T mutation, and prothrombin G20210A mutation were not detected in any patients." 01/18/2014 - "This occurred in the context of a combined inherited thrombophilia including antithrombin III deficiency and a prothrombin gene mutation. " 07/01/2003 - "Mesenteric venous thrombosis in a patient with prothrombin 20210A mutation and antithrombin III deficiency: challenges to conventional anticoagulation--a case report." 09/01/2001 - "We found hyperhomocysteinaemia in 7/14, true protein S deficiency in 1/10, protein C deficiency in 1/13, activated protein C resistance in 1/22, antithrombin III deficiency in 1/24, and prothrombin gene G20210A mutation in 1/18 patients. " 10/01/2002 - "We found 1 heterocygosis factor V Leiden associated to LA, 2 heterocygosis G20210A prothrombin (one associated to LA), 2 homocygosis C677T MTHFR, 1 hereditary antithrombin III deficiency and 4 LA. "
9.	Anticardiolipin AntibodiesIBA 09/27/2001 - "Are ESRD patients with hypercoagulable states (HCS) (antithrombin III deficiency, protein S or C deficiency, activated protein C resistance, and anticardiolipin antibodies) at predictably greater risk for allograft thrombosis? " 10/01/1997 - "The pathophysiological basis of blood coagulation includes hemostatic causes and thrombophilia (protein C deficiency, protein S deficiency, APC resistance, plasminogen deficiency, antithrombin III deficiency, hyperhomocystinemia, lupus anticoagulans and anticardiolipin antibodies). " 08/28/1997 - "Investigation for a hypercoagulable state revealed activated protein C resistance in the absence of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin III deficiency or anticardiolipin antibodies. " 08/01/2000 - "Studies looking at the prevalence of specific thrombophilic states such as Antithrombin III deficiency (Jackson et al. 1997; Lake, Stauffer & Stuart 1978; Cianco et al. 1996; Ghosh et al. 1983), Factor V Leiden mutation (APC Resistance) (Jackson et al. 1997; Probert et al. 1997; Ardizzone et al. 1998; Liebman et al. 1998), anticardiolipin antibodies (Ciancio et al. 1996), Protein C (Wyshock, Caldwell & Crowley 1988; Korsten & Reis 1992) and Protein S deficiencies (Jorens et al. 1990; Aadland et al. 1992) in IBD have been contradictory or equivocal. " 12/01/2008 - "These women were tested for inherited and/or acquired thrombophilia by MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism, factor V Leiden gene polymorphism, PTHRA20210G gene polymorphism, protein S deficiency, protein C deficiency, antithrombin III deficiency, lupus anticoagulant, and anticardiolipin antibodies Ig G and Ig M. "
10.	Thrombin FDA Link 06/01/1992 - "Prophylactic antithrombin III administration during pregnancy immediately reduces the thrombin hyperactivity of congenital antithrombin III deficiency by forming thrombin-antithrombin III complexes." 10/15/1980 - "Thrombin generation and formation of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes in congenital antithrombin III deficiency." 01/15/1994 - "Increased endogenous thrombin generation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: risk of thrombotic complications in L'Asparaginase-induced antithrombin III deficiency." 03/01/1995 - "Dermatan sulfate catalyses the inhibition of thrombin by heparin cofactor II. The concentrations of heparin cofactor II are higher in the plasmas of individuals with congenital antithrombin III deficiency and pregnant women than controls. " 03/01/1993 - "An antithrombin III assay based on factor Xa inhibition provides a more reliable test to identify congenital antithrombin III deficiency than an assay based on thrombin inhibition."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Cardiopulmonary Bypass (Heart-Lung Bypass) 11/01/2000 - "Familial antithrombin-III deficiency during cardiopulmonary bypass: a case report." 01/01/2013 - "In patients with familial antithrombin-III deficiency, administration of antithrombin-III concentrate is effective when cardiopulmonary bypass is required." 10/01/1997 - "Indicators of fibrinolysis during cardiopulmonary bypass after exogenous antithrombin-III administration for acquired antithrombin III deficiency." 09/01/1996 - "Three had central venous thrombosis by postoperative day 4 or 5. In all three, thrombosis was preceded by antithrombin III deficiency, protein C deficiency, and highly elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor (3.7 to 37 times the mean of the other patients) on postoperative days 1 to 3. In conclusion, cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates caused rapid and profound alterations in the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems and initiated consumptive coagulopathy lasting until at least postoperative day 3. Thrombophilic abnormalities in antithrombin III, protein C, and fibrinolysis were frequently found and were associated with serious thrombotic complications."
2.	Critical Care 12/01/1990 - "Heparin cofactor II, a less well characterized heparin-dependent antithrombin factor than antithrombin III, was determined in 11 women before, during and after a 6 month trial of oral contraceptives, in 16 women aged 18-60, in 16 men aged 22-55, in 5 patients with known antithrombin III deficiency, and in a series of 16 patients in a critical care unit. "
3.	Transplants (Transplant) 03/01/2011 - "Early graft thrombosis due to antithrombin III deficiency following CABG." 11/01/1995 - "The patient developed hypovolemia and severe systemic antithrombin III deficiency and venoocclusive disease in the graft. " 03/01/1997 - "Acquired protein S and antithrombin III deficiency caused by nephrotic syndrome: an unusual cause of graft thrombosis." 03/01/1999 - "We evaluated all FFP transfusions between February and August, 1998 classifying them as appropriate or inappropriate according to the recent FFP-transfusion guidelines: correction of known coagulation factor deficiencies with bleeding and correction of microvascular bleeding when prothrombin and activated partial thromboplastin time are > 1.6 times normal (coagulation index o CI), urgent reversal of warfarin therapy, antithrombin III deficiency, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treatment, liver transplant and acute disseminated intravascular coagulation. " 02/01/2003 - "Seventy-four grafts were created in 57 patients with one or more serologically proven hypercoagulable states, including heparin-induced platelet aggregation (n = 37), anticardiolipin antibodies (n = 11), lupus anticoagulant (n = 8), protein C or S deficiency (n = 7), antithrombin III deficiency (n = 3), and factor V Leiden mutation (n = 1). "
4.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 01/01/1995 - "Antithrombin III deficiency during continuous venovenous hemodialysis." 01/01/1991 - "We describe a 43-year-old male patient with congenital antithrombin III deficiency requiring hemodialysis due to extension of venous thrombus from recurrent deep vein thrombosis. " 01/20/1990 - "[Ineffectiveness of heparin therapy caused by acquired antithrombin III deficiency in continuous hemodialysis]." 09/01/2011 - "Argatroban, a synthetic direct thrombin inhibitor, has been approved for the treatment of hemodialysis patients with antithrombin III deficiency and particularly for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia II patients. "
5.	Catheters 07/01/2002 - "These events, as that occurred to our patient, are usually caused by hypercoagulability inducted by oncologic diseases, sepsis, antithrombin III deficiency, catheters materials and repeated catheterizations. " 04/15/1995 - "Antithrombin III deficiency as a risk factor for catheter-related central vein thrombosis in cancer patients."