Pinacidil (Pindac)

A guanidine that opens POTASSIUM CHANNELS producing direct peripheral vasodilatation of the ARTERIOLES. It reduces BLOOD PRESSURE and peripheral resistance and produces fluid retention. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 260 relevant articles (20 outcomes, 38 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Drug Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Cao, Su: 3 articles (07/2015 - 05/2015)
2.	Shen, Shiren: 3 articles (07/2015 - 05/2015)
3.	Franova, S: 3 articles (01/2015 - 11/2007)
4.	Sutovska, M: 3 articles (01/2015 - 11/2007)
5.	Tkachenko, H M: 3 articles (01/2004 - 09/2003)
6.	Kurhaliuk, N M: 3 articles (01/2004 - 09/2003)
7.	Miki, T: 3 articles (12/2003 - 03/2001)
8.	Chen, Junjie: 2 articles (07/2015 - 05/2015)
9.	Kaya, Salih Tunç: 2 articles (02/2015 - 10/2013)
10.	Jaggar, Jonathan H: 2 articles (08/2014 - 10/2011)

Related Diseases

1.	Ischemia 01/01/2003 - "During treatment with 1 or 12 mumol.L-1 pinacidil (protein unbound concentration) both before and after 12 minutes global ischemia coronary blood flow increased 2-3 fold compared with vehicle, while cardiac functional recovery post-ischemically was improved with both concentrations. " 08/01/2000 - "Pinacidil presents a safe and effective alternative to IPC for preserving the heart during regional ischemia. " 10/01/2001 - "A novel pinacidil solution resulted in improved donor heart preservation during 12 hours of hypothermic ischemia compared to the "gold standard," University of Wisconsin solution. " 07/01/2005 - "Effects of pinacidil on reentrant arrhythmias generated during acute regional ischemia: a simulation study." 05/01/2005 - "This study determines the effects of pinacidil pretreatment on arrhythmias and the changes in cellular electrophysiological parameters in segments of guinea pig right ventricular free walls exposed to simulated ischemia and reperfusion. "
2.	Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 11/01/1986 - "Pinacidil is a novel, clinically effective vasodilator used for the treatment of hypertension whose mechanism of action has not been precisely defined. " 01/01/1988 - "Based upon these data, low (12.5-25mg bid) doses of pinacidil are effective and safe as monotherapy for hypertension. " 01/01/1985 - "In an open study, thirteen chronic dialysis patients with nonvolume dependent uncontrolled hypertension were treated with pinacidil for a mean period of 43 weeks. " 01/01/1985 - "Twenty three patients with essential hypertension who were uncontrolled on diuretic and/or beta-receptor antagonist therapy were treated additionally with the vasodilator, pinacidil, in an open study. " 01/01/1984 - "A new vasodilator drug, pinacidil, N'-cyano-N-4-pyridyl-N'-1, 2,2-trimethylpropylguanidine, was studied in an open trial in 15 patients with moderate to severe hypertension. "
3.	Reperfusion Injury 06/01/2002 - "We investigated whether a KATP opener, pinacidil, can attenuate ischemia-reperfusion injury using an ex vivo rat lung model. " 11/01/2001 - "To investigate the effectiveness of pinacidil, an opener of ATP-sensitive K+ channels, in protecting the myocardium of immature rabbit hearts from ischemic reperfusion injury. " 04/01/1990 - "Thus, both cromakalim and pinacidil reduce ischemic/reperfusion injury, though the timing of treatment may be important." 08/01/2003 - "Potassium channel openers with pinacidil can provide pulmonary protection against warm ischemia reperfusion injury." 12/01/2011 - "The present study investigated the effect of hyperpolarizing cardioplegia containing pinacidil (a nonselective K(ATP) opener) on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat hearts, especially the role of mitochondrial K(ATP) in pinacidil hyperpolarizing cardioplegia. "
4.	Anoxia (Hypoxia) 01/01/2014 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of pinacidil postconditioning on rat hearts with transient hypoxia and reperfusion. " 01/01/2014 - "Effect of pinacidil on rat ventricular myocytes during transient hypoxia and reperfusion." 10/01/2011 - "Human cerebral arteries also expressed SUR2B, developed myogenic tone, and dilated in response to hypoxia and pinacidil. " 11/01/2003 - "Both intermittent hypoxia and pinacidil effectively decrease the negative results of mitochondrial dysfunction under stress condition." 11/01/2003 - "We suggest that adaptation by intermittent hypoxia and application of a KATP opener pinacidil possess significant protective effect on mitochondrial energy support under stress condition. "
5.	Ventricular Fibrillation 02/01/1993 - "Pinacidil failed to induce ventricular fibrillation under either normoxic or conditions of hypoxic/reoxygenation when the [K+]0 was increased to 5.1 mM. The results of this study demonstrate that K+ channel activators facilitate the induction of ventricular fibrillation under both normoxic conditions and conditions of hypoxic/reoxygenation when the perfusion buffer K+ concentration is reduced." 06/01/2007 - "During programmed ventricular stimulation with up to two extrastimuli, pinacidil significantly increased the inducibility of ventricular fibrillation (1 heart under baseline conditions, 29 hearts during pinacidil administration; P = 0.0001). " 05/01/2003 - "Ventricular fibrillation (VF) developed in 11 of 12 pinacidil-treated hearts whereas none of the SNC-80-treated (zero of six) hearts developed VF (P < 0.001 compared with pinacidil pretreatment) and zero of four BMS-191095-pretreated hearts developed VF. " 07/01/1992 - "It is hypothesized that the increased tendency to develop reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation is associated with the pinacidil-induced K+ efflux. " 03/01/1992 - "5. Although the concentrations of pinacidil producing ventricular fibrillation are 30-40 times higher than those found in patients under long term treatment with this agent, it is suggested that caution should be used in prescribing this drug, at least in patients suffering from myocardial ischaemia."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
2.	Potassium Channels (Potassium Channel)
3.	Cromakalim (Levcromakalim)
4.	KATP Channels
5.	Potassium
6.	Glyburide (Glibenclamide)
7.	Thomas' solution
8.	Calcium
9.	Adenosine
10.	Adenosine A1 Receptor

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Induced Heart Arrest (Cardioplegia)
2.	Ligation
3.	Warm Ischemia
4.	Injections
5.	Intravenous Infusions