Styrene (Styrol)

11/01/2015 - "The results of these studies do not support the hypothesis that 4-MEI and styrene induce lung tumors by the same MOA. "
12/01/1998 - "Based on an overall evaluation of eight oncogenicity studies, there is clear evidence that styrene does not induce cancer in rats."
05/01/1995 - "To study the occurrence of non-malignant diseases and solid cancers in workers exposed to styrene in the Danish reinforced plastics industry. "
08/01/1994 - "The goal of this study was to determine whether exposure to styrene is associated with an increased risk for neoplasms of the lymphatic and hematopoietic tissues. "
06/01/1994 - "The lack of an exposure-response relation further supports the conclusion that workers in the reinforced plastics industry in this study did not experience any increased risk of lymphatic and haematopoietic cancers as a result of their exposure to styrene."

01/01/2000 - "Focal therapeutic efficacy of transcatheter arterial infusion of styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin for hepatocellular carcinoma."
07/01/2013 - "Our styrene-maleic acid copolymer conjugated with neocarzinostatin was the first agent of its kind used to treat hepatoma. "
11/01/2002 - "Styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma."
02/01/2002 - "[Styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin-transcatheter embolization for hepatocellular carcinoma--third report]."
01/01/2000 - "Hepatic vascular side effects of styrene maleic acid neocarzinostatin in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma."

02/01/2001 - "The consistent finding of increased direct bilirubin and AP concentrations in these two independent studies provides evidence for diminished hepatic clearance of conjugated bilirubin with associated cholestasis in workers exposed to styrene. "
02/01/2001 - "To determine whether hepatic biochemical changes, as measured by routinely available tests indicative of hepatocellular necrosis, cholestasis, or altered hepatic clearance of bilirubin, occur in association with low to moderate exposure to styrene commonly experienced in industrial production. "

10/01/2009 - "Both apoptosis and necrosis were involved in the pathogenesis of the cochlear lesion, but apoptosis appeared to be the major cell death pathway leading to the styrene ototoxicity. "
08/05/2004 - "Data demonstrated that, after 24 and 48 h of exposure, styrene (800 microM) induced an increase in the necrosis of mononuclear cord blood cells, whereas it did not cause any increase in the apoptotic process. "
03/01/1999 - "These data indicate that resistance to styrene-induced necrosis under conditions of repeated exposure is not due to sustained cell turnover and production of new, metabolically inactive cells, but rather is due to some other, as yet unknown, protective phenotype of the regenerated cells."
03/01/1999 - "Re-exposure of these mice on Day 15 resulted in additional mortality and hepatocellular necrosis, indicating that regenerated CL cells were again susceptible to the cytolethal effect of styrene following a 14-day recovery. "
03/01/1999 - "Short-term inhalation exposure of B6C3F1 mice to styrene causes necrosis of centrilobular (CL) hepatocytes. "

03/01/2000 - "Higher concentration of styrene (> 2.0 micrograms/m3, indicator for flooring) elevated the risk of pulmonary infections in six-week-old infants (OR = 2.1; 95% Cl 1.1-4.2). "
08/01/1992 - "The altered host resistance to these challenge infections was evaluated in rodents pre-treated with 0, 0.02, 0.03 or 0.05 x LD50 dose of styrene (5 days/week) for 4 weeks. "
08/01/1992 - "Similarly the results obtained in the malaria infection model indicated increased blood parasitaemia as well as significantly enhanced mortality in styrene-treated animals. "
08/01/1992 - "Three infection models namely an oncogenic virus Encephalomyocarditis (EMCV), a rodent strain of malaria, Plasmodium berghei, and a rodent hookworm parasite, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, were used to confirm the in vivo immunotoxic potential of styrene reported in our previous communication. "
05/01/2009 - "The efficacy of tolevamer, a nonantimicrobial styrene derivative toxin-binding agent, in treating simulated Clostridium difficile infection in an in vitro human gut model was investigated. "