Succinic Acid (Succinate)

A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851)

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Networked: 1379 relevant articles (48 outcomes, 132 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Neuzil, Jiri: 35 articles (04/2015 - 05/2004)
2.	Wu, Kun: 18 articles (10/2015 - 02/2002)
3.	Dong, Lan-Feng: 18 articles (04/2015 - 05/2006)
4.	Volchegorskiĭ, I A: 13 articles (01/2014 - 01/2004)
5.	Puri, Prem: 13 articles (10/2013 - 10/2002)
6.	Zhao, Yan: 12 articles (09/2014 - 02/2002)
7.	Tomasetti, Marco: 11 articles (10/2015 - 05/2004)
8.	Ralph, Stephen J: 11 articles (02/2014 - 02/2007)
9.	Stursa, Jan: 9 articles (04/2015 - 02/2011)
10.	Goodwin, Jacob: 9 articles (04/2015 - 03/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Infection 12/10/2014 - "Bt modifies the metabolite environment at infection sites, increasing metabolites involved in gluconeogenesis, with stark increases in succinate, which can be sensed by Cra. " 12/01/2007 - "To investigate the influence of succinic acid on the apoptosis of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) in human peripheral blood, and to explore its role in infection. " 02/01/2004 - "To explore the mechanism of injurious effect of succinic acid on human fibroblast and it's role in bacteroides fragilis infection. " 05/01/1985 - "These findings suggest that succinic acid may be an important Bacteroides virulence factor when present in the microenvironment of a mixed intra-abdominal infection in which concentrations are high and the pH of the medium is reduced." 05/01/1985 - "Succinic acid, a major fatty acid by-product of Bacteroides metabolism, was tested for its effect on neutrophil function to determine whether it might play a role in enhancing the virulence of Bacteroides-containing infections. "
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 11/01/2012 - "Recently, several studies revealed that alpha-tocopheryl succinate (αTP-suc) have demonstrated potent anti-cancer activities in vitro and in vivo. " 02/01/2011 - "Previous studies of the cytotoxic effects of α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TOS) on cancer cells identified a mechanism whereby α-TOS caused apoptosis requiring the Noxa-Bak axis. " 03/01/2009 - "The purpose of this study was to elucidate the cellular target by which these agents, represented by alpha-tocopoheryl succinate (alpha-TOS), suppress tumors in vivo, with the focus on the mitochondrial complex II (CII). " 01/01/2009 - "Preclinical investigations have suggested that VE succinate (VES) is the most effective analog of VE in cancer cells; however, no study of VES in RCC has been done. " 08/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to measure and compare the effect of d-alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TS) in modifying radiation-induced chromosomal damage in human normal cells and cancer cells in culture. "
3.	Ischemia 11/01/2013 - "According to the findings of the study, succinic acid at the concentrations ranging between 31.25 mg x L(-1) and 500 mg x L(-1) had no significant effect on primary cardiomyocyte activity, and succinic acid at the concentrations of 400, 200, 100, 50 mg x L(-1) could notably reduce cardiomyocyte ischemia/reperfusion LDH leakage rate (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05, respectively). " 01/01/2014 - "Because some pathological conditions such as ischemia increase succinate blood levels, we investigated the role of this metabolite during a heart ischemic event, using human and rodent models. " 01/01/2014 - "It was established that the derivatives of 3-oxipiridine and succinic acid protected against subtotal ischemia of rostral brain segments (of cerebral hemispheres) as evidenced by the increase in longevity. " 03/01/2013 - "Succinate accumulates during ischemia to become the major substrate utilized by cardiac mitochondria. " 08/01/2007 - "Ischemia induced release of succinate in isolated perfused livers. "
4.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection) 03/01/2011 - "An algorithm for imaging of infants with first time urinary tract infection based on these results would have eliminated 126 acute dimercapto-succinic acid scans compared to our study protocol, while missing 9 patients with permanent renal damage. " 07/01/2010 - "The main study end points were recurrent febrile urinary tract infection, renal status on dimercapto-succinic acid scintigraphy and reflux status. " 05/01/2014 - "Cox regression analysis revealed that a normal initial dimercapto-succinic acid scan, initial reflux grade less than 5 and absent breakthrough febrile urinary tract infections were predictive of reflux resolution/improvement (p <0.05). " 05/01/2014 - "Variables of interest included presentation, dimercapto-succinic acid results, sex, breakthrough febrile urinary tract infections, reflux grade and bilateral reflux. " 02/01/2012 - "A postoperative decrease in differential renal function without further urinary tract infection could develop when there is a parenchymal reduction on preoperative dimercapto-succinic acid scan."
5.	Reperfusion Injury 12/01/2015 - "Succinate: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Reperfusion Injury." 11/20/2014 - "Furthermore, these findings reveal a new pathway for metabolic control of ROS production in vivo, while demonstrating that inhibition of ischaemic succinate accumulation and its oxidation after subsequent reperfusion is a potential therapeutic target to decrease ischaemia-reperfusion injury in a range of pathologies. " 11/20/2014 - "Ischaemic accumulation of succinate controls reperfusion injury through mitochondrial ROS." 01/01/1998 - "Cardioprotective effect of succinate against ischemia/reperfusion injury." 01/01/1998 - "We investigated the protective effects of succinate, which is a respiratory substrate and a potential antioxidant, on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury with the whole heart. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Sodium
2.	Vitamin E
3.	Hydrocortisone (Cortisol)
4.	Polyethylene Glycols (Polyethylene Glycol)
5.	alpha-Tocopherol
6.	Methylprednisolone
7.	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD)
8.	alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate
9.	Lactic Acid
10.	Oxidoreductases

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment)
3.	Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
4.	Stents
5.	Injections